nguyen tuan anh vietnam national university, hanoi tuan anh...12/24/2012 flooding and migration: the...
TRANSCRIPT
12/24/2012
Flooding and Migration: The Case of Hanoi
Nguyen Tuan AnhVietnam National University, Hanoi
12/24/2012
Main points An overview of Hanoi
Some flood features in Hanoi recently
Types of vulnerabilities of people living in communities
Migration shape peoples’ vulnerabilities in communities
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An overview of Hanoi Located in Red river Delta
Red river (the second largest river of Vietnam) flows through Hanoi city, come into the sea with annual capacity (60 billions m3)
Area: 3,328.9 km2
Population: 6,699,600 (in 2011)
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Some flood features in Hanoi recently
- Intensity per hour and total rainfall in a day at Hanoi trend to increase
- Inundation occurs more than usual and takes long time
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Boating in Ha Noi city in 2008
Inundation from 0,5m-1,0m, many areas from 1-1.5m.
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On 13 July 2010: Street or River?
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The heavy downpour flooded the crossroads of Quang Trung and Tran Quoc Toan streets on 9 August 2011
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On 19 August 2012
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What are the types of vulnerabilities of people living in communities that experience flooding?
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Human Vulnerability Loss of human life
Deterioration of health conditions owing to waterborne diseases
Disruptions to health care
Psychological impacts
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Economic Vulnerability Damage to property
Business interruption
Loss of livelihoods
Food scarcity
Increase in food prices
Disruptions to supplies of clean water, electricity, transport
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Social Vulnerability Increase in crime
Disruption to social affairs
Disruption to communication, education
Disruption to individual activities
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To what extent does migration shape these peoples’ vulnerabilities in communities that experience flooding?
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Migration in Hanoi Hanoi had migrants accounting for
6.6% of its population (2009)
An estimated 120,000-130,000 people migrated to Hanoi in 2010
Hanoi’s average population density in 2010 was 1962 people per square kilometer
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Year 2005 2007 2008 2009 Prel. 2010
In-migration rate
13.8 14.8 10.7 13.1 10.8
Out-migration rate
5.2 10.5 6.8 3.2 4.9
Net-migration rate
8.7 4.3 3.9 9.9 5.9
Migrant rate in Hanoi recently
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Jobs of migrants with low skills in Hanoi Construction: workers for construction works, construction material
production and exploitation (sand, gravel, brick, etc)
Carpentry: mainly employed by carpentry workshops and enterprises
Sawing miller: supplying materials for carpentry workshops and enterprises
Transportation: passenger bike, cyclo, tractor, etc
Waste collection and recycling: working in interval time between crops
Small trading: consuming goods are the main products
Employees for restaurants, hotels, barbers', etc.
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Vulnerabilities of Urban Migrants Migrants live in bad condition houses that are
often flooded and inundated
Unskilled migrants with low incomes meet difficulties with increase in food prices during flooding and inundation periods
Migrants without medical insurances meet difficulties with deterioration of health conditions owing to waterborne diseases
Unskilled migrants meet difficulties in seeking jobs when floods and inundation occur