nfc the silence technology - hogeschool...

NFC the silence technology

Cursusname: Dream Discover DoCursuscodes: JDE-SCON.3V-13 (5 EC, jaar 3-4)Teacher:Jerremy de JonghStudentnumber:1624191

University of applied sciences UtrechtFaculty: FCJEducation: Communication & Multimedia DesignJaar: 2015-2016Period: Blok C

IndexIntroduction 3 Questions 4 Revelancy 5 What is NFC? 7 How does NFC works? 8 What is the history of NFC? 9NFC chip modes 10The benefits of NFC? 14 The downsides of NFC? 16 Which possibilities are there right now with Near Field Communication? 17 What are the future possibilities of Near Field Communication? 23 NFC Concepts designed by Jerremy de Jongh 26 NFC museum concept 27 NFC bus concept 29 NFC ticket concept 32 Conclusion 34 Sources 36

IntroductionDuring the Christmas holidays I bought a new smartphone, the Huawei p8 lite. My old phone could no longer handle the heavy use. I bought the new phone for its 13 megapixel camera and fast processor. So it would never freeze again and I could finely take good pictures when or wherever I am. After a week playing around with my new phone and all the new features, I suddenly saw an icon on top off the screen I did not recognize. I was confused and curious ad same time. Did I miss out on a new feature? Looking for answers, the first thing I did was googling the letters NFC that stood inside the icon. The first page I saw was that of Wikipedia this page directly told me what the abbreviation NFC stood for Near Field Communication. Until today I have never used the NFC feature in my Smartphone. So I still wonder why there is NFC in my phone? What is NFC? And what are the possibilities of it right know and in the future? These questions and more I’m going to try to answer in this seminar report.

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QuestionsMain question What are the possibilities of NFC right know and in the future? Sub questions What is NFC? How does NFC Works? What is the history of NFC? The benefits of NFC? The downsides of NFC? Which possibilities are there right now with Near Field Communication? What are the future possibilities of Near Field Communication?

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Why is the NFC technology relevant to investigate for the study communication and Multimedia Design?During the study Communication and Multimedia Design I choose to specialize myself as concept designer. I specially choose concept design because I always have ideas. But never the tools to make them work. Next to that I like the creative freedom and creative thinking concept designers have. Therefore, I am always looking for new technologies that can be implemented into new concepts. NFC is such a technology and I find it fascinating to imagine what new features are possible with Near Field Communication. When we concept designers create a communication or marketing concept we are always looking for a good mix between offline and online. NFC has the potential to be the bridge between online and offline. Making simple object connect with smart devices like

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Relevancy

billboard or business cards. In the past there where attempts to create a bridge between online and offline like the QR-code. But the QR-code had just too many drawbacks such as difficult to scan on uneven surface or in low light conditions. Also QR-codes are in terms of design ugly. This created a lot of resistance from designers. NFC doesn’t have these problems and is very easy to use. Also banks favor the technique making it more likely to be successful.

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RelevancyLiterally translated the abbreviation NFC stands for Near Field Communication and makes communication possible over a short distance maximum 10 centimeters, the signal can be amplified by an antenna. NFC is a short range, low power communications protocol between two devices. It uses radio frequency to allow small amounts off data being transferred between two devices. One device, the initiator, uses magnetic induction to create a radio-wave field that the target can detect and access. (Popular Science, 2011)

What is NFC?

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The NFC technology is build on the radio frequency identification (RFID) technique patented in 1983. Bringing two NFC ready devices close to each other activates a magnetic induction. The devices don’t have to physically touch each other for the technique to work but have to be in close range. This technique isn’t totally new and is widely used in access (door) cards for example in offices or in schools (The red employer cards off the University of applied science). The big difference is that access cards use the passive mode as referenced in this report later. The new thing about NFC is that is has a peer to peer function, this makes it possible to send information back and forward. When the devices are linked, small amounts of data can be exchanged at the relatively slow data rate of up to 424 kbps. This happens through the unlicensed 13.56 MHz radio spectrum and is also used by RFID chips and tags. (Hamblen, 2016)

How does NFC Works?

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NFC came out of RFID and means radio-frequency identification, as you read earlier in this report NFC uses the same technique. But standardized this technology for consumer smartphones. The NFC standards are defined by a group called the NFC forum. In this group big companies like Nokia, Sony and Philips collaborated to create the NFC technology. This group is dedicated to promoting the security, ease of use, and popularity of near field communication. It aims to educate businesses about the technology and upholds standards that allows NFC to operate between different devices. (History of Near Field Communication - NearFieldCommunication.org, 2016)

What is the history of NFC?

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Passive modus

The NFC chip has three different modes.Passive Mode: In this mode the NFC chip behaves as a ‘traditional’ RFID chip containing information using another device that information can be read.

Active Mode: In this mode the NFC chip behaves as a reader and can read other (passive) NFC chips.

Peer-to-peer mode: This mode allows two NFC chips to communicate with each other over and over again in order to share information and files. (Gsmhelpdesk.nl, 2016)

NFC chip modes

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Peer to peer modus

Active modus

ConvenienceBy far the best benefit of near field communication is the ease of use. With only a swipe customers can pay for their small items, send information back and forward and enter concerts without the struggle barcodes usually have. Also the fact that you only need to carry your phone with you makes it easy. SecurityKeeping all your cards like debit and credit cards in your wallet has its risks. When your wallet is being stolen you lose them all. Storing all this information on your smartphone sounds dangerous at first, but you can protect your smartphone with a password. Also with some simple software you can trace your smartphone trough GPS. And thiefs cannot use your cards if they can’t unlock your phone first. Second of all near field communication

The benefits off NFC?

offers a secure channel for communication through data encryption. VersatilityDefinitely one of the most important aspects of Near Field Communication is the versatility of the technology. Customers can pay with NFC, load sports or concert tickets to their smartphone, check in at some airport, board trains, read information from NFC enabled posters and send information back and forward between devices. (Benefits of Near Field Communication - NEARFIELDCOM-MUNICATIONNFC.NET, 2016)

The benefits off NFC?

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Limited useStill a lot of companies aren’t supporting NFC today. We see a lot of developments, but the technology is not yet widely supported. We are in a transition phase, this is confusing for consumers and makes the use of the technology difficult. Consumers need to check out constantly if they can or can’t use NFC. SecurityWhen you replace your physical wallet for a digital version this also has disadvantages. One of the major risks is phone hacking, phones become more and more hand held computers and as with computers they become prone to viruses. Being hacked with all your debit and credit card information stored on your phone can have major consequences. (Disadvantages, 2016)

The downsides off NFC?

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Contactless payments According to Pin.nl more and more Dutch banks are implementing contactless payment with the debit card or smartphone. Paying contactless with a debit card is possible with the following Dutch banks: ABN AMRO, ASN, ING, KNAB, Rabobank, Regiobank, SNS, Triodosbank and Van Lanschot. Paying with your smartphone is only possible with Rabobank and ING for now. With contactless payment, a single transaction up to 25 euro can be pay for without entering the PIN code. If your consecutive contactless payments jointly reach the limit of 50 euro you also have to enter a PIN code. (Contactloos betalen - PIN.NL, 2016)

Which possibilities are there right now with Near Field Communication?

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Smart ObjectsWith NFC it’s possible to make normal objects into smart objects. This is normally done by means of a NFC tag, which may contain information such as URLs or phone numbers. But being able to add more information to any object by integrating a tag has led to some interesting ap-plications that go far beyond billboards. A company called Objecs, for instance, sells an NFC tablet for gravestones. Swiping your phone past the tag enables more information about the deceased person. This can be a video about the deceased person or their Facebook page. In Oulu Finland the government installed about 1,500 tags in buses, at bus stops and in the theater. These tags give more information about arrival and departure times of buses. When you scan a tag in the theater you can see which performances are there that day. (Kessler, 2010)


According to the PC&TECH authority there are some cool ways to use NFC that makes our lives easier. The first example they give us is the possibility to share your music fast with multiple devices without the hassle off having to do any settings or difficult connecting. Just tap your smartphones past the NFC tag and your music will blast out of the speakers. The second interesting way to use NFC according to PC&TECH authority is in billboards. The company Telstra uses NFC to enabling customers to recharge their prepaid mobile accounts or give away free trials of music streaming services and to download apps or download trailers of new movies. The government of New South wales in Australia uses NFC to guide Tourist and give them more information about The Rocks. (PC & Tech Authority, 2016)

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Walibi ConnectWalibi uses the NFC technology to connect your physical activities in the park to you’re social media network like Facebook. After entering the park you’ll get a Walibi connect bracelet that you can connect with your Facebook account. When you get to an attraction in the park you can check in with the bracelet and earn badges our share your experience live with friends on Facebook. Also the bracelet enables users to join competitions and interact online. According Walibi they blur the boundaries between the offline and online world. (Walibi Connect - Share your favourite Walibi attractions LIVE on Facebook, 2016)


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BMW car keyAccording to BMWblog.com BMW is working on a massive expansion of there so called ConnectedDrive feature. The next generation of these car keys will have more functions. Most drivers take their car keys with them everywhere and anywhere. It’s normal for BMW to incorporating other functionalities to their car keys. For example, the possibility to do payment transactions or do reservations of hotels. There is even a possibility to upload the hotel room door encryption to your car key so you can open your hotel room door without the need of a door card. (Boeriu, 2011), (Clark, 2012)


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Walibi Connect

According to Geektime Near Field Communication has the potential to replace our wallet and making our smartphone the only tool we need. No more wallets full of cards but just one single device that can do it all. Already some banks have introduced paying with your smartphone through the Near Field Communication technique. For now you can only pay small amounts of money. But the expectation are that you can pay larger amounts in the future without the need for a PIN code. Google executives estimate that 50% of all smartphones already have NFC chips installed by the end of 2014. The numbers of retailers using the system will be expected to grow sustainable the next few years. Another cool new way of using NFC according to Geektime is to replace keys with NFC. NFC will soon be capable of replacing all of your keys and ID badges using only your phone. Open and start your car with the swipe of a phone, open doors at your workplace and even your home safely and securely. (How NFC technology could be used in the future, 2014)

What are the future possibilities of Near Field Communication?

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According to Vlucht-vertraagd.nl Samsung is working together with airline Iberia to make check ins on airport faster and easier. Travelers with a Samsung smartphone supporting NFC can pass the security and boarding gates by using their smartphones. But before they can do that they have to upload their travel information on to their smartphones. Iberia predicts that using NFC technology can make traveling easier and improves security and check in procedure drastically because the technique is must faster then the traditional scanners. Iberia is also thinking about putting NFC tags on luggage so travelers can upload this information on to their smartphones and track their luggage wherever they are. (Iberia maakt sneller inchecken mogelijk, 2014)

What are the future possibilities of Near Field Communication?

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As a concept designer I also thought about the future possibilities off Near field communication and came up with some concept ideas by myself to solve relevant problems. For example, the use off Near Field Communication in museums as in the Louvre in Paris. Annually more than nine million people visit this museum and this has it’s effects. Paintings like the Mona Lisa from Leonardo da Vince where made with poor quality paint and are highly sensitive to UV light that damaged the painting. Flashlights are UV lights and have a terrible effect on it. So if 1% off al the visitors of the Louvre forget to turn off their flashlights of their smartphones while taking pictures of the Mona Lisa. The painting can be irreparably damaged and we lose a valuable piece of cultural heritage.

NFC Concepts designed by Jerremy de Jongh

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To prevent this from happening, visitors of the Louvre must swipe their smartphone past a NFC tag before entering, this automatically turns off the flashlight function of their smartphone while there in the museum. Protecting the paintings in the Louvre from being damaged. Also NFC tags can be placed near paintings or statues and when visitors swipe their smartphone past the tags the get more information about the peace through for example videos. Before they leave the museum, they swipe their smart-phone past another NFC tag and this allows them to use the flashlight again, this can also be combined with the NFC ticket concept down below. Museum visitors get NFC tickets they have to scan before entering the museum. While scanning their tickets at the entry the visitor accepts the terms of not using their mobile flashlight and the NFC scanner automatically disables this function on there mobile phone. (InfoNu, 2016)

NFC Museum concept

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The last three months Amsterdam is being terrorized by criminals how commit robberies on bus drivers. Six robberies have taken place, as a result, bus drivers went on a strike forcing the bus company to take action. They quit selling physical tickets in the bus, according to Eric Bosman spokesman of GVB without having cash inside the bus there is no reason anymore to rob bus drivers. The downside is that their customer service and user experience deteriorated. Because people without a OV chip card cannot use the bus in Amsterdam anymore.

To solve this problem NFC can provide a solution, as already mentioned earlier in this report NFC is widely adapted by banks and most Dutch debit cards already have a NFC chip. Making it possible to pay amounts up to 25 euro with the contact-free method.

NFC bus concept

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This is ideal for buses where small amounts are being paid. Giving a alternative to people without a OV chip card and increasing the user experience.(Volkskrant.nl, 2016)

NFC bus concept

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Millions of different tickets are being sold every year, from big sports events or music festivals. For example, Mysteryland festival sell up to 60,000 tickets annually. All those tickets are equipped with a bar code and need to be scanned before entering the festival and this has it’s disadvantages. Torn or crumpled tickets are difficult or impossible to scan and must be entered manually. When the tickets are entered manually, there is also a greater chance of errors because of human intervention. This takes a lot of time and party people are often waiting for hours in line. This waiting isn’t good for the user experience because people come to these festivals to enjoy a stress free and relax day. (Ad.nl, 2016).

NFC can speed up this process because of the fast data transaction speed in this cause ticket data. Also there is no need anymore for human interventions, because NFC

NFC ticket concept

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tags tags can read the tickets and open up gates. Saving minutes of waiting for impatient party people. Giving them more to enjoy their party and having a better experience.

NFC ticket concept

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NFC is a very promising technology but it did not reach it’s full potential yet. In the next couple of years NFC can reach it’s full potential if it overcomes some obstacles like it’s security problems and more people have smartphones with NFC chips installed. The fade in the technology by big companies like google (Wallet), a lot of Banks (ING, ABN AMBRO, and SNS) and the big smartphones manufactures (Samsung, Apple and Huawei) make it more likely that we are going to see more and more NFC solutions and adaptations in the near future. I could devote an entire seminar report on the future opportunities and that proves that we can and should expect a lot of the technology in the coming years. Personally I can’t wait for the technology to replace my physical Wallet and keys. In the last couplet of years, the amount of card in my Wallet is growing and growing and finding the right one at the right time is getting harder making it a frustration job to do.

Conclusion

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Right know we have only see a little bit of the capabilities of the technology and most of it is for financial activities. The financial sector has implemented NFC at a phenomenal rate mainly because it makes paying easier and spending money is obviously good think for the banking sector. But with the technology becoming cheaper and cheaper I believe that other implementations are not far away. My prediction is that we will see a lot of NFC solutions over the next two years, this will be mainly used first by the early adopters. In the next five years the technology will become mainstream.

Conclusion

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SourcesGSMHELPDESK.NLNFC (Near Field Communication)Your Bibliography: Gsmhelpdesk.nl,. (2016). NFC (Near Field Communication). Retrieved 22 February 2016, from http://www.gsmhelpdesk.nl/helpdesk/131/nfc-near-field-com-munication POPULAR SCIENCEEverything You Need to Know About Near Field CommunicationYour Bibliography: Popular Science,. (2011). Everything You Need to Know About Near Field Communication. Retrieved 22 February 2016, from http://www.popsci.com/gadgets/article/2011-02/near-field-communication-helping-your-smartphone-re-place-your-wallet-2010/ HAMBLEN, M.A short history of NFCYour Bibliography: Hamblen, M. (2016). A short history of NFC. Computerworld. Re-trieved 1 March 2016, from http://www.computerworld.com/article/2493888/mobile-payments/a-short-history-of-nfc.html HISTORY OF NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION - NEARFIELDCOMMUNICATION.ORGYour Bibliography: History of Near Field Communication - NearFieldCommunication.org. (2016).Nearfieldcommunication.org. Retrieved 14 March 2016, from http://www.near-fieldcommunication.org/history-nfc.html BENEFITS OF NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION - NEARFIELDCOMMUNICATIONNFC.NETYour Bibliography: Benefits of Near Field Communication - NEARFIELDCOMMUNICATION-NFC.NET. (2016).Nearfieldcommunicationnfc.net. Retrieved 15 March 2016, from http://www.nearfieldcommunicationnfc.net/benefits.html DISADVANTAGES, A.Near Field Communication: Advantages and DisadvantagesYour Bibliography: Disadvantages, A. (2016). Near Field Communication: Advantages and Disadvantages. Near-field.blogspot.nl. Retrieved 15 March 2016, from http://near-field.blogspot.nl/p/pros-cons.html

IBERIA MAAKT SNELLER INCHECKEN MOGELIJKYour Bibliography: Iberia maakt sneller inchecken mogelijk. (2014). Vlucht-Vertraagd.nl. Retrieved 1 March 2016, from https://www.vlucht-vertraagd.nl/nieuws/2014/03/04/ibe-ria-maakt-sneller-inchecken-mogelijk

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SourcesCONTACTLOOS BETALEN - PIN.NLYour Bibliography: Contactloos betalen - PIN.NL. (2016). PIN.NL. Retrieved 2 March 2016, from http://www.pin.nl/consument/contactloos-betalen-met-betaalpas-of-mo-biele-telefoon/ EGANHow to use NFC on your smartphone to do useful thingsYour Bibliography: Egan,. (2015). How to use NFC on your smartphone to do useful things. PC Advisor. Retrieved 13 March 2016, from http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/mobile-phone/what-is-nfc-how-nfc-works-what-it-does-3472879/ INFONUDe 10 best bezochte kunstmusea in de wereldYour Bibliography: InfoNu,. (2016). De 10 best bezochte kunstmusea in de wereld. Re-trieved 27 February 2016, from http://kunst-en-cultuur.infonu.nl/kunst/140718-de-10-best-bezochte-kunstmusea-in-de-wereld.html AD.NLCookies op AD.nlYour Bibliography: Ad.nl,. (2016). Cookies op AD.nl. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/5602/Muziek/article/detail/3847999/2015/02/10/Mystery-land-krijgt-extra-festivaldag.dhtml VOLKSKRANT.NLCookiewall: Cookies op de Volkskrant | de VolkskrantYour Bibliography: Volkskrant.nl,. (2016). Cookiewall: Cookies op de Volkskrant | de Volkskrant. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from http://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/am-sterdam-neemt-maatregelen-tegen-overvallen-op-bus~a4243306/ WALIBI CONNECT - SHARE YOUR FAVOURITE WALIBI ATTRACTIONS LIVE ON FACEBOOKYour Bibliography: Walibi Connect - Share your favourite Walibi attractions LIVE on Face-book. (2016). YouTube. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ow3TbUABCFU BOERIU, H.Pay and do more things with your BMW car key - NFC technologyYour Bibliography: Boeriu, H. (2011). Pay and do more things with your BMW car key - NFC technology. BMW BLOG. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from http://www.bmwblog.com/2011/02/02/pay-and-do-more-things-with-your-bmw-car-key-nfc-technology/

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SourcesCLARK, S.BMW uses NFC car keys to open hotel room doors • NFC World+Your Bibliography: Clark, S. (2012). BMW uses NFC car keys to open hotel room doors • NFC World+.NFC World+. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from http://www.nfcworld.com/2012/04/23/315235/bmw-uses-nfc-car-keys-to-open-hotel-room-doors/ KESSLER, S.NFC Technology: 6 Ways It Could Change Our Daily LivesYour Bibliography: Kessler, S. (2010). NFC Technology: 6 Ways It Could Change Our Dai-ly Lives. Mashable. Retrieved 24 February 2016, from http://mashable.com/2010/05/06/near-field-communication/#gka2DeHhiqqt

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