next generation power and energy: maybe not so next …...intelligent ships technologies: compact...

Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; DistribuDistribution Statement A: Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimitedtion is unlimited

Next Generation Power and Energy:Next Generation Power and Energy:Maybe not so Next GenerationMaybe not so Next Generation

IEEE Northeast Industry Day 2010IEEE Northeast Industry Day 201024 September 201024 September 2010

Portsmouth, NHPortsmouth, NH

Mr. Donald HoffmanMr. Donald HoffmanMr. JosephMr. Joseph BorracciniBorraccini

Mr. Steven SwindlerMr. Steven SwindlerCaptain Lynn Petersen USNCaptain Lynn Petersen USN

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• Navy After Next Electric Warship Vision

• History of USN Electric Propulsion

• Why IPS?

• Today’s Electric Warships

• Other Naval Trends

• Building the Future Navy

• Applicable S&T and R&D Investments

• Next Navy Weapons

• How to Implement?

• Summary

Outline

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The Challenge of New Technology

To Reduce Risk and Costs, Engineering DevelopmentModels Must Precede “Design and Technology Selection”

8 years

Start ShipConstruction

Design andDesign andTechnologyTechnology

SelectionSelection

Engineering orEngineering orFull ScaleFull Scale

ModelsModels

QualificationQualification

Ship ScheduleShip Schedule

DeliverSurface

ShipDeliver

SubDeliverCarrier

BeginConceptDesign

10 years12 years

ResearchResearch(Science &(Science &

Technology)Technology)

AdvancedAdvancedDevelopmentDevelopment

ModelsModels

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USS Trenton 1877

USS Langley (CVUSS Langley (CV--1) 19131) 1913

USS Archerfish (SS-311) 1945

USN History of Electric Ships

USS New Mexico (BBUSS New Mexico (BB--40) 191840) 1918But NotIntegratedElectric Drive!

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Shipboard Power &Propulsion Systems

ReductionGear

PrimeMover

.98To ShipServiceLoads

GeneratorPrimeMover

GeneratorPrimeMover

‘Integration’ was lost whenwe transitioned to internalcombustion engines

IPS brings back ‘integration’ on theelectrical side, enabled by:

Solid State Power Electronics

Multi-Megawatt Motor Drives

Automated Controls

PropulsionMotor

MotorDrive

Main PowerDistribution

GeneratorPrimeMover

PowerConversion

Module

ShipServicePower

Older ships were‘integrated’ onsteam side

ReductionGear

SteamTurbine To Ship

ServiceLoads

GeneratorSteamTurbine

Condenser

Boiler(s) Fuel

FeedPump

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Why Integrated PowerSystems?

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Speed (Kts)

Pow

er(H

P)

0100200300400500600700

0 20 40 60 80 100

Power Output (%)

SFC

(g/k

W-h

r))GT (ICR)GT (simple)Diesel(low spd)Diesel(med spd

Destroyer Operating profile

Speed, Kts

%of

Tim

e

US Navy DestroyersInstalled Electric Generating

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1895 1915 1935 1955 1975 1995 2015

Year of Introduction

Gen

erat

or

Cap

acit

y(k

W)

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Part of Why IPS PowerNeeds Continue to Increase

April 2009

Sensor and Weapons Power Demands willRival Propulsion Power Demands

Sensor and Weapons Power Demands willRival Propulsion Power Demands

DeployedMission

Capability

WeaponDevelopment

TRL=4/5

TechnologyDevelopment

TRL=3/4

WeaponSystem

DevelopmentTRL=6

2014 2020+2020

Increasing Power Demands20162014

ActiveDenial

System

Power Demands per MountMultiple Mounts per ship

Power Demands per MountMultiple Mounts per ship

Free ElectronLaser System

Electro-MagneticLaunchRail Gun

Laser Weapon System

30 MW2 MW 20 MW0.4 MW 0.4 MW

Solid StateLaser System

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LHD 8Hybrid Electric Drive

($2M Fuel Savings Comparedwith Steam Driven LHD)

T-AKE 1Commercial Integrated

Power System

(Reduced Acquisition andLife Cycle Costs)

DDG 1000Military Integrated Power System

(78MW Installed Power)

Meeting the Mission withIncreased Power and Reduced Costs

Meeting the Mission withIncreased Power and Reduced Costs

Today’s IntegratedElectric Ships

–

–

–

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LHD 8 Notional PropulsionSystem Sketch

Propulsion Gas Turbine

Auxiliary Propulsion Motor

First Reduction Gear Second ReductionGear

TurningGear

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Other Naval Trends

UK– Type 23 Frigate, in service -- hybrid electric / mechanical drive– Type 45 Destroyer, in service -- full integrated power system– Albion class LPD, in service -- full IPS– Wave class Oiler, in service -- full IPS– CV(F) under contract – Podded IPS

Netherlands– LPD "Rotterdam” class, in service -- full IPS– IPS declared for future surface combatants

Spain– Developing IPS for combatants & auxiliaries

France– BPC (LPD), in service, Podded IPS– Future CV in design – full IPS, maybe Pods

France & Italy– FREMM Frigate – Hybrid Drive

Canada, Brazil, Japan, Russia ...– Investigating IPS for future ships

Many other Navies interested

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Building the Future NavyBuilding the Future Navy

Navy’s challenges:– Reduce fossil fuel dependency– Meet greater demands for power– Understand and control costs

How ESO helps the Navy meet thesechallenges:

Understand fleet’s fuel usage via fleet-wideanalysis of demand

Early investment in technology

Risk reduction through integrated systemdemonstrations

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for Public Release.

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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; DistribuDistribution Statement A: Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimitedtion is unlimited 13

(FY22)

| | | | | | | |FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16

(FY16)

Integrated System Demo ElectricWeapons

& Sensors

Navy Now andNext Navy Opportunities

Increased Mission Power

Survivability

Next Navy

Navy AfterNext

CG-47

ONR Technologies

DDG-51Fuel Economy

DDG-51

IncreasedRadar Power

PowerGenerationand Control

LSD-41

FNC(6.2-6.3)

Swampworks(6.3)

D&I(6.2)

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Navy after NextNext NavyNavy Now

Po

wer

Den

sity

High FrequencyAlternating Current(HFAC) 4-13.8kVAC200-400 Hz

•Power-dense generation•Power-dense transformers•Conventional protectionMedium Voltage AC

Power Generation(MVAC) 4-13.8 kVAC60 Hz

Medium VoltageDirect Current (MVDC)6 kVDC

• Reduced powerconversion

• Eliminate transformers• Advanced

reconfiguration

Enabling

Technologies

•High Speed Generator

•Advanced propulsion motors

•Common power conversion

•Power and energy contro

l

•Zonal ship

service distributio

n

•Energy Storage

Off

Ramp

Off

Ramp

Off

Ramp

Roadmap defines path for NGIPSDevelopment, provides guidance to Navyand industry developing organizationsand forms the basis for coordinatedplanning and future Navy investments

““Directing the Future of ShipDirecting the Future of Ship’’s Powers Power””

Backfit Opportunities•Hybrid Electric Drive (HED)•Propulsion Derived ShipService (PDSS)

•Energy Storage Modules (ESM)

Off

Ramp

The Next Generation Integrated Power System (NGIPS)Technology Development Roadmap

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Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) ERMattached to Main Reduction Gear

Shipboard Energy Storagefor Single Generator Operations

Applicable Navy S&T and R&DInvestments

Hybrid Electromechanical Drive (HED)

– Electrical Propulsion System (EPS): (FUEL)

– Propulsion Derived Ship Service Power (PDSS)

(FUEL AND POWER)

Energy Storage (ESM)

– Fuel Savings

– Quality of Service (QOS)

– Enables Pulsed Loads

Compact Power Conversion

– Power Density/Quality

– Power and Energy Management

Materials

– Silicon Carbide

– Magnetics

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Hybrid Electric Drive & Energy Storage improves energy efficiency ofin service surface combatant power plants

Hybrid Electric Drive/PDSS

Increased Risk & Fuel Economy Payoff

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Current State of Technology:Technologies include batteries, flywheels, ultra capacitors

Known Issues:`Power system integrationPower density of higher TRL technology (lead-acid batteries)

Technology Description:Shipboard energy storageValue to the War fighter:• Energy storage enables single generator cruise• Reduces risk of ‘Dark Ship’ by enabling fight through power• Mitigates energy demand spike enabling pulse weapons

Energy Storage

EnergyStorage

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Intelligent Ships Technologies: Compact Power ConversionPower Conversion Module / Power Control Module

Objectives Develop motor drive topology and

components that lead to a 2-3X increasein power density (to 2-3 MVA/m3), areduction in harmonic distortion from ~9%to <1%, and an increase in efficiency from94% to 98%, i.e., a 2X reduction in thermallosses.

Develop a high power density bi-directional PCM that interfaces to energystorage modules, enabling wider systemusage of installed energy storage with anIntegrated Power System.

Develop a power management controllerthat will provide ~2x increase in wholesystem dynamic reaction time and powerpartitioning from propulsion to shipservice & weapons loads in <x ms.

S&T Products• Large scale demonstration of multifunction

converter in FY 2011• Large scale demonstration of bi-directional

power converter in FY 2011• Large scale demonstration of power

management controller in FY 2012

0.01..0.1 s 1..10 s

Power In

10..1000 s 1 . . . 1000 ms

PowerModule

PowerModule

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

LoadController

LoadController

SystemLevel

Controller

SystemLevel

Controller

InnerLoop

InnerLoop

GateDriverGate

Driver

System Action

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

ModulatorModulator

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

analog digital

0.01..0.1 s 1..10 s

Power In

10..1000 s 1 . . . 1000 ms

PowerModule

PowerModule

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

LoadController

LoadController

SystemLevel

Controller

SystemLevel

Controller

InnerLoop

InnerLoop

GateDriverGate

Driver

System Action

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

ModulatorModulator

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

0.01..0.1 s 1..10 s

Power In

10..1000 s 1 . . . 1000 ms

PowerModule

PowerModule

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

PowerFilter

LoadController

LoadController

SystemLevel

Controller

SystemLevel

Controller

InnerLoop

InnerLoop

GateDriverGate

Driver

System Action

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

SensorsSensors

ModulatorModulator

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

A to DConv.

analog digital

[EPE – 08-07]

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Silicon Carbide Power ConversionModule

Enabling technology for other applications: radar power, MVDC circuit breakersReduction in SiC prices will open up large commercial markets!

Solid State Power Substation (SSPS) Program• DARPA, ONR, PEO-Carriers, ESO• Phase III in progress (6/2007- 6/2010)• Team: GE, Cree, Powerex, LANL, IAP, GD-EB

Goal• Compact, light-weight replacement for 2.7 MVA,

13.8 kV/ 465 Vac, 60 Hz iron-core transformers• ~3X improvement in weight• Demonstrate high voltage, high frequency

electronic power conversion (10 kV @ 20 kHz)

Status• SSPS building block tested to full power at GE• Navy testing at NSWC (Phila. LBES) from Jan –

Jun 2010

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Open Architecture Business Model

Power LoadSystem Control

Power Generation

Power Distribution

Energy Storage

Power Conversion

PowerLoad

Syst

emCo

ntro

l

PowerGeneration

Power Distribution

EnergyStorage

Power

Conve

rsion

Propulsion

Ship’s Power Sources

Mission Systems

Industry Competes forComponents;

‘Submit Proposals for TheirPiece of the Puzzle’

Navy Controls NGIPS Architecture and Interfaces;‘What Pieces Will Be Needed and How They Fit Together’

Integrated PowerArchitecture (IPA)

Open For Bid

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Obtain a Copy of the Electric Ships Office

Next Generation Integrated Power Systems Roadmap

(“Google” NGIPS Technology Development Roadmap)

Broad Agency Announcement (BAA): NGIPS BAA

Solicitation: N00024-10-R-4215

Electric Ships Office Opportunities

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Summary

Improved Energy & Fuel Efficiency is near-term need

Technologies and architectures are available to meet USNneeds

Strong Navy / Industry team committed to deliver

Navy focused on providing affordable power architectures &components to meet Fleet affordability and warfighting needs

next generation power and energy: maybe not so next …...intelligent ships technologies: compact...

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