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Newton’s Laws

8th Science

Image: http://literaturequeen.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/isaac_newton_gravity_panana_627535.jpg

Part A: EDPuzzle - Watch the Newton's Laws video on EDPuzzle to help you

complete this section. Complete the quiz as you watch the video.

1. _____________ is the study of how and why things move. Isaac ______________

is credited with the development of the three laws of motion.

2. The first law of motion is also called the law of ________________. It states

objects will remain at ______________ or in _________________ in a straight

line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced ________________.

3. The second law states the __________________ of an object depends on the

______________ of the object and the amount of ________________ applied.

The formula used to calculate the force is equal to mass _________ acceleration.

4. The third law of motion states that for every _______________ there is an equal

and opposite _____________, which means that forces act in _______________.

PHYSICS NEWTON

INERTIA REST MOTION

FORCE = Push or pull

ACCELERATION MASS FORCE

TIMES F=ma

ACTION REACTION PAIRS

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1. Aim ONE washer at the bottom of the stack of FOUR

washers and apply a force with your finger or hand to slide

it towards the taller stack. What happens?

2. Flick a stack of TWO washers into a stack of four

washers. What happens?

3. Flick a stack of FOUR washers into a stack of TWO

washers. What happens?

Part B: Wacky Washers

To prepare for this experiment, stack 4 washers one on top of the other so that

you form a tower of washers. Place the stack of washers on top of the table so

that you have a smooth, slick surface.

#5

#4 #3 #2 #1

The moving washer should knock the bottom one out of the stack and take its place.

The moving washers should knock the bottom two out of the stack and take their place.

The bottom two washers in the moving stack should knock the bottom two out of the stack with the top two of the moving stack taking their place. .

B4. On the page under this worksheet, explain your observations in terms of

Newton’s 1st Law using the terms FORCE, INERTIA, REST, and MOTION in

your answer.

Be sure to use all four words in your answer!

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#5

#4 #3 #2 #1 #5

#3 #2 #1

#4 A

B #5

#4 #3 #2

#1

#1

#4 #3 #2

#5 C

BEFORE

Quick Review

WHICH IS THE CORRECT RESULT?

D – Both B & C

A

B

C

BEFORE #1 #2

#3 #4 #5

#5 #4

#3 #2 #1

#5 #4

#1 #2 #3

#5 #4 #1

#2 #3

Quick Review

WHICH IS THE CORRECT RESULT?

D – Both A & C

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Part C: Tricky Tricks

1. Set up the situation shown in the diagram. The goal is to remove the circle by

pulling on the string, but the penny must remain in place on top of the

clothespin. Can you do it?

2. Try the experiment again using the plain circle (no string). Can you flick the

circle out from under the penny and keep the penny on the end of the

clothespin?

3. Balance the penny on a circle (string or no string) on the tip of you finger as

shown in the second diagram. Try to remove the paper circle to leave the penny

balanced on your finger. Can you do it?

C4. On the page under this worksheet, explain your observations in terms of Newton’s

1st Law using the terms FORCE, REST, and MOTION in your answer.

Be sure to use all three words in your answer!

NOTE: If the force is only applied to the paper, the penny should not move!

Newton’s Laws of Motion

How do they apply to hockey?

Video Link: https://science360.gov/obj/video/642db496-d506-432e-85b4-4e38f75d9142/newtons-three-laws-motion

Give an example of each based on the video.

1st Law –

2nd Law –

3rd Law -

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QUICK REVIEW

Match each term to its best definition.

Amount of space an object

takes up

Amount of matter in an object

Measure of the amount of

gravity on a specific mass

A push or a pull

Change in speed or direction

FORCE

MASS

WEIGHT

VOLUME

ACCELERATION

Part D: Master the Force

1. Experiment with the different masses and forces to fill in the chart.

2. Use what you learned to solve each problem. Show your work.

(a) If you had an object with a mass of 10 kg and a force of 5 N,

what would it's acceleration be?

(b) If you had an object with a mass of 10 kg and an acceleration of 5 m/s2,

what is its force?

Force Mass 1.0 kg 2.0 kg 3.0 kg 4.0 kg 5.0 kg

1.0 N

2.0 N

3.0 N

F/m = a 10/5 = 2 m/s2

F = ma 10 x 5 = 50 N

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D3. On the page under this worksheet, write a summary of your observations

that explains how FORCE, MASS, & ACCELERATION are related.

If force increases and the mass stays the same, the acceleration will also increase.

If the mass increases with the force staying the same, the

acceleration will decrease.

Part E: Balloon Rally – Follow these directions to create your device.

Step 1: Wrap a balloon around the end of a flexible straw (the end furthest away

from the bendy part).

Step 2: Use tape to attach a balloon to the end and seal up any gaps.

Step 3: Try blowing up the balloon to make sure it works. If not, seal up holes or

gaps with tape.

Step 4: Push a straight pin through the straw about halfway between the balloon

and the bend in the straw.

Step 5: Fasten the pin in the eraser of a pencil.

DO NOT MESS WITH THE BENDY

PART OF THE STRAW AS YOU

BUILD!

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1. Blow up the balloon and bend your straw to a 90 o angle

before allowing the air to escape. What happens?

2. Blow up the balloon and bend your straw to a 45 o angle

before allowing the air to escape. What happens?

3. Blow up the balloon, but leave your straw straight (180o

angle). Release the air in the balloon. What happens?

4. Remove the pin and hold on to the straw as you blow up

the balloon. Release the straw. What happens?

Put the pin back in

the eraser and

return to your

teacher.

DRAW THE DIAGRAMS and ARROWS on your worksheet.

Finish for tomorrow …

E5. On the page under this worksheet explain

your observations in terms of Newton’s 3rd

Law using the terms ACTION, REACTION,

BALLOON, & FORCE in your answer.

Put the pin back in

the eraser and

return to your

teacher.

IF YOU BLOW UP THE BALLOON UNTIL IT POPS

& THEN PICK UP ALL THE PIECES,

YOU CAN GET A PIECE OF GUM OR CANDY.

IF YOU WANT TO KEEP YOUR STRAW/BALLOON,

WRITE YOUR NAME ON IT &

PUT IN THE RIGHT PLACE FOR YOUR CLASS.

Be sure to use all the words in your answer!

STRAW

BALLOON

STRAW

BALLOON

Quick Review – Which arrows in each image are the action

forces? Which are reaction forces?

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Done with all the lab sections?

Did you write GOOD answers?

If so, try the Funderstanding website listed under

Challenges listed Physics Links page of the Science

Spot’s Kid Zone.

Note: You need at least 2 hills and a loop in your

coaster. Adjust the settings until it works! How fast can

you get it to go and still stay on the track?