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NEWS FROM THE BLUETOOTH™ AND SHORT RANGE RF ENVIRONMENT ISSUE 72

IN INCISOR THIS MONTHWelcome to the August 2004 issue of Incisor.

Traditionally there is a quiet period as the Bluetoothand now broader wireless industry calms down afterthe mid-year European Wireless Connectivity Worldevent, and we enjoy a slower pace of life until thebuild-up for the American Wireless ConnectivityWorld event starts.

For two reasons this is no longer the case.On one level, Wi-Con America has been broughtforward from its traditional December date toNovember. One month isn’t a lot, but its only threemonths from now!

And then another project with US- connections – theIncisor Wireless in California special issue – haskept us very, very busy. After announcing this specialto our client-base, we were very pleased at the levelof response. As this piece is written, we are about todepart for California to meet with wirelesscompanies founded or operating in the West CoastState. Look out for a feature-packed issue in fourweeks time providing a detailed overview of wirelessdevelopments in the USA!

Email: vholton@click.co.ukTel: +44 (0)1730 895614

Our normal feature sections are included, and arelisted below:

Features:

Industry news . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5

“Scatternet: Baseband vs Host StackImplementation”White Paper from Ericsson Technology Licensing . .7

Bluetooth product news . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9

“USB Dongles set to get smaller”Simon Finch, CSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Wireless industry intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . .11-21

WLAN/Wi-Fi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-14Ultra wideband (UWB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15WirelessUSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-16RfiD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-18ZigBee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18WiMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Interactive directory of Bluetooth companies . . .20

Wireless industry calendar of events . . . . . . . . .21

Feature section edited by Paul RasmussenEmail: DE80@dial.pipex.com

News section edited by Manek DubashEmail: manek@manekdubash.com

A new report from research and consultingcompany Strategy Analytics "US CellularDevice Market Dynamics: End User Interest,"highlights the rising user interest in newfeatures within the US mobile handset market.

This Strategy Analytics report, which surveyed1,000 cell phone users across the US, found asurging need for improved connectivity andusability among cell phone users in the US. Fifty-four percent of those surveyed want cordlessheadsets, while fifty percent want access topush-to-talk (PTT) connectivity, and over one-third would prefer improved personal informationmanagement (PIM) capabilities.

Eddie Tapiero, Wireless Device Strategiesanalyst and author of the report, comments,"Users are interested in true wirelessconnectivity, and they want it effortlessly. Theywant to connect with friends, family andcolleagues using both wireless headsets and PTT.In addition, users would like the ability tosynchronize calendars and schedulingapplications and to connect to work resourceswithout the need of base stations or wire lines.Current technologies, like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi,allow handsets to improve connectivity, thus weare likely to see OTA applications becoming morepopular over the next couple of years."

Chris Ambrosio, director of the WirelessDevices Strategies service, notes, "There is astrong pocket of interest and enthusiasm for

increased levels of removable storage on mobiledevices: interest in camera phone capability hasdoubled over the last year. Additionally, there is astrong positive correlation between the imagingsegment, the nascent music and media segmentand the desire for removable memory."

Other key findings of the report include:22 percent of all users are interested in Bluetooth technology; only 13 percent of users are interested in QWERTY keypads, whileonly 1-in-10 see value in video or musicapplications or games; interest in multimedia andproductivity applications will be driven by"Business Pragmatists," "Technophiles" and"Digital Youth," while "Traditionalists" and"Followers" --which make up over half of themarket - will prove a challenge for operators tomigrate beyond SMS.

US mobile users wantBluetooth cordless

headsets and push-to-talk

headset convenience high on list for US cellphone users

Industry news

2

RF Micro Devices has completed the acquisitionof Silicon Wave, the privately held, San-Diego-based supplier of highly integrated Bluetoothsolutions for wireless personal area networks(WPANs). RFMD is an established provider ofproprietary radio frequency integrated circuits(RFICs) for wireless communications applications.In the Bluetooth community, Silicon Wave hasbeen known from the early days as one of the truepioneers of the Bluetooth silicon market.

RFMD feels that the acquisition of Silicon Waveexpands the total addressable market and is expectedto complement its leadership position in handsets.RFMD is currently ramping volume production ofSilicon Wave's Bluetooth components for handsets

manufactured by a tier-one handset maker. Inaddition to handsets, thecompany's Bluetoothproducts are in usesupporting multipleapplications, includingheadsets, printers andPC peripherals.

Frank Morese, vicepresident of RFMD's wireless connectivity businessunit, said, "We're excited to join forces with SiliconWave to significantly enhance our Bluetooth productportfolio. We believe our combined strengths andunique technology place us in an extremely strong

position to capture growth in the explosive Bluetoothmarket, which industry research forecasts will growmore than six-fold over the next three years. Weexpect revenue from our Bluetooth solutions willincrease significantly in fiscal 2005 through continued strong design traction within the handset,headset, PC peripheral and consumer electronicdevice markets."

Silicon Wave's Bluetooth product portfolio includeshighly integrated single-chip CMOS radio processors(including the radio modem and digital basebandfunctions), as well as stand-alone CMOS radio modemsolutions. The CMOS Bluetooth radio processors havea unique architecture that does not require externalflash memory or external RF components.

connectBlue and Phoenix Contact haveannounced a strengthened partnership withinwireless industrial automation as PhoenixContact acquired 13 % interest in connectBlue,partly from a former stock holder.

The German industrial automation companyPhoenix Contact has chosen connectBlue as astrategic partner to address the market for Bluetoothand other wireless technologies with its industrial

automation products and applications. PhoenixContact operates in the electronic interface andindustrial automation technology sector and has aworldwide presence.

For some time, the two companies have beencollaborating on a number of projects to integrateBluetooth communication in industrial interface andautomation products. One of the current projects isto develop a real-time communication solution for

wireless, Bluetooth-based transmissions of controlsignals within automation systems. This will simplifythe integration of moving and rotating machine partsinto automation networks significantly and reducewear and tear.

"The strategic partnership with Phoenix will furtherstrengthen our ability to provide the industrialautomation market with first-class Bluetoothsolutions," says Rolf Nilsson, President at connectBlue.

RFMD completes on Silicon Wave

Phoenix Contact takes stake in connectBlue

Rococo Software, a provider of Bluetoothsoftware development tools and infrastructuresoftware, has released the latest version of itsImpronto Developer Kit. This Linux-based DeveloperKit (DK) allows software developers to designJava/Bluetooth applications for a variety ofwireless devices. Rococo is offering this productrelease free for non-commercial Bluetooth projects.

“By making a fully-functional version of Rococo’sLinux development environment free to students andhobby programmers more developers will buildcompelling Bluetooth applications, which will help toboost the adoption of Bluetooth in the mass market,”said Sean O’Sullivan, CEO at Rococo Software.Rococo’s Impronto DK for Linux uses standard Javaapplication program interfaces (APIs) for Bluetoothwireless technology. This release increases Bluetoothfunctionality, includes support for IrDA and adds moreconfigurability to the Linux DK.

The number of Bluetooth applications on the markethas grown significantly since the wireless technologywas introduced in 1998. Apple has adopted Bluetoothin all of its PowerBooks and Dell, IBM and Toshiba areputting Bluetooth in their laptops. All of the majormobile phone vendors are embedding Bluetooth in

phones, including Sony Ericsson, Nokia and Motorola.With such a surge in the uptake, the Bluetooth SpecialInterest Group (SIG) would like to see moreapplications on the market taking advantage ofBluetooth’s popularity.

“Many innovative applications have hit the marketlately, but we still hope to see more new and usefulBluetooth applications for portable devices. RococoSoftware’s free developer kit may be a very interestingway to make Bluetooth development tools available toa young generation who has new and fresh ideas abouthow Bluetooth can be used,” said Anders Edlund,marketing director of the Bluetooth SIG.

Rococo is a member of the JSR82 Expert Group and the Bluetooth SIG and has been featured as one of Europe's 10 hottest technology companies in Infoconomist Magazine and was named'Entrepreneurial Company of the Year' by Frost &Sullivan.

Rococo releases Java/Bluetooth Dev Kit for Linux

Silicon Wave Bluetoothbusiness now embraced by RF Micro Devices

Industry news continued

3

Zeevo, Inc., already known as a provider ofsingle-chip Bluetooth communicationssolutions, has launched its third-generation,high performance Bluetooth microcontrollersolution, describing it as the first in the world topermit the transmission of CD-quality soundover wireless Bluetooth links. The company’sARM7-based Bluetooth controller andaccompanying software form a complete, low-cost embedded design solution for qualityaudio over Bluetooth, as well as for otherperformance-sensitive Bluetooth applications.

Zeevo’s announcement says that this means thatBluetooth can finally be applied to portable MP3players, MP3-capable cell phones or PDAs, andeven consumer stereo systems, to provide wirelessconnections to stereo headphones, headsets, orspeakers without any sacrifice in audio quality.Previous implementations of Bluetooth - used

primarily for wireless keyboards, mice, or mono cellphone headsets - have not been able to attain CD-quality level that consumers have come to expectwith their wired audio appliances.

Those limitations have now been overcome, saidZeevo co-founder and marketing vice president AnilAggarwal. “We recognized several years ago thatnotwithstanding the rapidly expanding use ofBluetooth for the elimination of wires between cellphones and mono headsets, or between keyboards,mice, or PDAs and a PC, one of the most excitingapplications for Bluetooth was going to be personalaudio and consumer electronic devices - includingenhanced cell phones - that provide stereo audiowithout wires. But the challenge this brings is toprovide quality audio - CD-quality audio, in fact -and that is not easy to do over Bluetooth.”

According to Aggarwal, Zeevo embarked upon amulti-year research and development program to

achieve an audio-quality benchmark that it todaycalls ‘Sound Design for Bluetooth’. ”We focusedextensive resources on the issues of quality,robustness in mixed wireless environments, anduser friendliness, and that led us to the uniquearchitecture of our new transceiver/microcontrollerchip, and the third-generation of software thatmakes CD-quality audio over Bluetooth possible.Together, they represent the first availableembedded Bluetooth design platform for originaldevice manufacturers [ODMs] that addresses thisexciting market.”

The total bill of materials (BOM) for both ends ofa wireless stereo headphone solution - includingtwo Zeevo chips - is expected to be less than $25in high-volume production.

The ZV4301 is in production, and is availabletoday directly from Zeevo or its salesrepresentatives.

First CD-quality sound single-chipBluetooth from Zeevo

BlueRadios - known for its small spreadspectrum 2.4 GHz Bluetooth SMT serial data radiomodems used for OEM integration and forcommercial plug-and-play solutions, is nowoffering an 18-pin DIP BlueStamp that includesMicrosoft Windows visual Graphical User Interface(GUI) software for configuration and control.

This Class1 Bluetooth Wireless serialcommunications radio conforms to Bluetooth Version1.1 and allows integrators to configure, program and

send commands with a click of the mouse, so thatproducts currently with wires can now becomewireless. This product can work in manyapplications for industrial, medical, transportation,government, and consumer markets. A smaller SMTpackaged version is also available for volumeproduction.

BlueRadios claims that within minutes, customersare able to test, integrate, and embed the BlueStampinto existing or new designs.

The BlueStamp includes a ceramic dielectric RFceramic chip antenna, voltage regulator, amplifier, RFshield, and a dedicated PCM voice channel for audioapplications, and works in distances up to 330 feet.It also conforms to FCC, ETSI, CE and the EMIstandards for each country and includes anembedded Bluetooth stack with the followingprotocols: BCSP, SPP, DUN, LAN, PAN, HID, GAP, SDP,RFCOMM, and L2CAP. Modem like AT commands areuse to communicate to each serialized device.

BlueRadios launches GUI Bluetooth

Bluetooth technology and wireless solutionsprovider CSR has announced its unauditedfinancial results for the second quarter and thesix months ended 2 July 2004.

Highlights included revenue increased by 60% to$58.9 million (Q1 2004: $36.8 million) in the secondquarter and to $95.7 million (H1 2003: $23.4 million,H2 2003: $44.2 million) for the full half-year. Profitbefore tax for the half year was $21.8 million (H12003 loss: $6.1 million, H2 2003 profit: $4.5 million)

Operating cash flowwas $15.95 million (H12003 outflow: $2.1million, H2 2003 inflow:$3.8 million), and CSRhas shipped over 40million Bluetooth chipssince May 2000Commenting on theresults, John Hodgson,

CEO said: “This is a strong set of results, underpinnedby the increasing adoption of Bluetooth technologyinto mobile phones and headsets. We are pleasedthat we continue to hold the majority of design winsgoing forward, and as the real potential of Bluetoothbegins to be realised, we look forward to the futurewith confidence.”

CSR sees revenue and profits climb

CSR CEO John Hodgson

Industry news continued

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CSR has announced the latest in itsBlueCore4 family of Bluetooth silicon,claiming that the BlueCore4-PC combines allthe hardware and software to provide PCOEMs with a complete Bluetooth solution.BlueCore4-PC software and hardwaresolution is EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) ready,for a data rate of up to 3Mbps – three timesfaster than conventional Bluetooth.

CSR has teamed up with Bluetooth softwarespecialists, IVT, to provide a complete Bluetooth

solution for PC OEMs. As well as running at threetimes the speed of conventional Bluetooth,BlueCore4-PC includes a wide range of Bluetoothprofiles particularly suitable for PC users, such asHID (Human Interface Device) for mouse andkeyboard connectivity, auto pairing, AV and AVremote control profiles.

BlueCore4-PC’s 3Mbps data rate means thatusers are more easily able to connect to multipledevices whilst also allowing advancedapplications such as audio data streaming. For

instance, with BlueCore4-PC, a user is able tolisten to streaming audio via a stereo headsetthrough a Bluetooth connection, whilst also usinga Bluetooth keyboard and mouse as well aswirelessly synchronising their PDA and PC andusing a Bluetooth webcam.

CSR extends BlueCore4 family

Cambridge Consultants has delivered aprototype design of a Bluetooth-based radiomodule to the leading utility meteringcompany, Actaris. Based on a single-chipBluetooth device, the module is intended toprovide new opportunities to drive down thecost of remote metering, allowing meters tobe wireless-enabled at very low cost andopening the door to high-integrity consumer-activated schemes.

The wide availability of Bluetooth on consumerdevices was key to Actaris' and CambridgeConsultants' decision to select this particulartechnology from the wireless options available.Using the new module, consumers with Bluetoothmobile phones, laptops or PDAs would have theoption of taking meter readings themselves andcommunicating them to the utility company overthe internet or GSM, providing a radical meansfor Actaris' customers to cut their costs. Themodule also supports 'walk-by' meter reading byutility personnel using low-cost commerciallyavailable devices such as smart phones.

The radio module is currently fitted to an ActarisACE1000, a low-cost single-phase electricitymeter designed for residential applications.Actaris is demonstrating the meter and offeringsamples to clients worldwide who areinvestigating remote reading schemes.

"We have had a proprietary radio module forremote reading available for some five years, andthis has already entered service on mainlandEurope," says Chris Shelley, R&D Manager for

Residential Metering at Actaris. "Progress inwireless standards since then offers the meansto advance remote reading schemes even further,and this prototype Bluetooth design allows ourclients to evaluate the potential."

The connectivity aspect is emphasised inCambridge Consultants' design, which usesBluetooth 'Profiles' to enable application levelcommunication with pre-existing devices such asphones, PDAs and laptops. CambridgeConsultants' design also uses a highly cost-effective single-chip Bluetooth device - theBlueCore chip from CSR - and further optimiseseconomy by ensuring that the large complementof application software which provides 'universal'connectivity - runs purely on the processoralready embedded into the Bluetooth device.

The design was delivered in three months,and uses the BlueCore2 device with firmware incorporating a number of BluetoothProfiles including object push and serial port (OPP and SPP). These are typically available

on all Bluetooth-enabled phones, PDAs orlaptops. The application software includes theability for a consumer to exchange a businesscard or V-note with the meter - which respondswith a business card containing the readings andother data.

"Bluetooth represents a major here-and-nowopportunity for wireless-enabling equipment,"says Nick Marley, Cambridge Consultants' projectmanager. "Single-chip radios equipped with amicrocontroller are now available for well below$5, and the technology is commonplace onmobile devices. It could be many years beforealternative short-range wireless technologiesreach this level of penetration."

"Although this radio design is a prototype", headds, "it can be converted easily to a ROM-basedsolution - providing a means of wireless-enablingmeters with an extremely small bill of materials".

Single chip Bluetooth solution forutility meters

Industry news continued

5

Bluetooth and serial technologiesspecialists Brainboxes is cooperatingwith Aglnfolink, to bring Bluetoothwireless technology to livestocktracking applications. The animals aretagged with an RFID ID tag soon afterbirth and from then on are trackedacross a farm-to-market data networksupplied by AgInfoLink. The wirelessBluetooth communication, madepossible by Brainboxes’ serialBluetooth converter modules, providesthe link between the reader and a PC orPDA which processes the information.The key application for this technologyis for tracking the attributes associated withlivestock and other agricultural products -from vaccinations, treatments and weights tomovement and location history.

The rugged handheld reader is used to read anRFID tag, the Bluetooth communication thensends the data wirelessly back to the host.Following the identification, the PDA will informthe farmer of the ID and status of the animal orother item and advise the farmer of any actionrequired.

The wands are called Tag Trackers and onedevice incorporates both RF-ID technology andBluetooth. To reduce the reliance on the verysimple host equipment, Brainboxes supplied itsserial (RS232) Bluetooth converter modules.

These modules allow dumb devices to beenabled for wireless communication without theneed for configuration or additional software. Themodule is a Class 1 Bluetooth device, whichmeans it can operate wirelessly at a range of upto 100 metres (in an open field). BrainboxesBluetooth converter is RS232-compatible, whichmeans it will connect to a wide variety of legacydevices which may not have been designed towork wirelessly but which perhaps could benefitfrom remote operation.

Lee Curkendall, Vice President BusinessDevelopment, AgInfoLink commented, “InBluetooth-enabling our readers, it was importantthat the hardware and software were very easy to

implement and configure. Brainboxesprovided us with an ideal customisedBluetooth solution to a rather unusualproblem.”

Eamonn Walsh, managing director ofBrainboxes, added, “Brainboxes has vastexperience in customising serial andBluetooth devices to our customersrequirements.” Walsh continued, “OurRS232 converters and embeddedmodules are seeing rapid take up in suchindustrial and retail applications sincethey require no configuration and caneasily be applied to cable-inconvenient,cable-averse or cable-impossible

applications. The convenience and cost-effectiveness of Bluetooth wireless technologymeans it is seeing a much wider take up in theseapplications”.

Brainboxes takes Bluetooth cattle class

Farm systems go high-tech

… launches Universal PCI card Brainboxes has also announced the launch

of its first card from a new range of universalPCI that supports both 5 volt and newer 3.3volt standards. The complete new range ofUniversal PCI cards will shortly follow theWHQL approved UC-101 and will be basedupon the same technology. The Low Profilecard (UC-101) uses a new chip based uponIntellectual Property developed by thecompany over the last 3 years and has onestandard 9-pin RS232 COM port, plus asecond RS232 connection. UC-101 is

designed to suit the retail and financial sectorswith some of the key applications forBrainboxes' latest RS232 serial card beingconnection to modems, instrument control, orremote access servers. With a bracket 8cm inheight, the Brainboxes UC-101 confirms to Low-Profile PCI, the standard for modern spaceconscious systems.

The Brainboxes UC-101 has just beenapproved by Microsoft's WHQL (WindowsHardware Quality Labs) which means it meetsthe Designed for Windows XP standard and

carry the "Designed for Windows" logo, and isavailable now direct from Brainboxes as wellas distributors in the UK, Europe and the USA.

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©2004 SMART Modular Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. SMART and SMART Modular Technologies are registered trademarks of SMART Modular Technologies, Inc.

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7

continued

Scatternet user case

New complicationsRealizing true scatternet functionality

introduces complications concerninginteroperability and timing that, in fact, canjeopardize a product’s ability to remain fullycompatible with the Bluetooth standard.

Solutions where scatternet communicationoperation is passed on to the host stack may belikened to icebergs – seemingly harmless on thesurface, but indeed quite treacherous due toperils hidden in the depths below. The only wayto navigate safely through these dangers is toavoid them altogether, i.e. by steering clear ofsolutions that support scatternet by allowing thehost stack to control scatternet communication.

An example user case demonstrating the needfor a clean, high quality implementation ofscatternet is the following: a user synchronizingcalendars between a phone and a notebook PCwhile at the same time carrying on a phoneconversation using a Bluetooth headset. In thisscenario the mobile phone functions as both amaster (towards the headset) and a slave(towards the computer). In order for this to work,regardless of data speed, an effective scatternetimplementation is required.

Here we are immediately confronted withsome difficult timing issues that arise because,in addition to the critical timing of the SCO-linkwhere the phone is a master to the headset,there is also an ACL-link where the phone is aslave to the PC.

Adjusting for clock drift“Since the clocks of two masters of different

piconets are not synchronized, a slave deviceparticipating in two piconets shall maintain twooffsets that, added to its own native clock,create the two master clocks. Since the twomaster clocks drift independently, the slavemust regularly update the offsets in order to

maintain synchronization with both masters.”Clock drift overlap between the phone call and

calendar synchronization occurs over time. Inorder for the phone and headset to maintain thenecessary timing demands for a good audio linkover Bluetooth, clock drift of the calendarsynchronization link must not be allowed tointerfere with the fixed and scheduled SCO-linkslots.

As a slave to the computer, the mobile phonemust immediately adjust for the clock drift in thecomputer – otherwise the phone could re-negotiate the link with the headset.

The choice of which link to prioritize and whichto renegotiate could actually differ from one

White paperby Ericsson Technology Licensing

ScatternetBaseband vs. Host Stack

Implementation

When two or more independent, non-synchronized Bluetooth piconets overlap, a scatternet is formed in a seamless, ad hoc fashion allowing inter-piconet communication. While the Bluetooth specification stipulates the use of time-division multiplexing for enabling concurrent participation by a device in multiple piconets, it leaves the choice of actual mechanisms and algorithms for achieving this functionality open to developers.Some implementation proposals suggest that the host stack handle the complex inter-piconet communication of a scatternet. On the surface this may appear to be a simple and clean solution, but what dangers, if any, does this entail?

This is an excerpt from Ericsson’s white paper on Bluetooth Scatternets. The entire publication may be downloaded at ericsson.com/bluetooth

PIMSync Phone call

conversation

8

scatternet implementation to another, but theimportant thing to remember here is that conflictsresulting from clock drift overlap are unavoidable.In a real user situation this type of pause-and-re-negotiate activity is likely to occur fairly frequently,perhaps as often as two to three times per minute,which makes this a relatively challenging issuewhen attempting to pass scatternetcommunication operation to the host stack.

Interoperability issuesA primary issue with scatternet communication

is that there are more than two master devicesinvolved in the inter-piconet communicationrelationships. The host stack may know the sniffinterval, but it does not know the sniff offset, andthus cannot know when to adjust for sniffwindow overlaps between the two master clocks.

The baseband, on the other hand, is fullyaware of exactly when the two master clocksoverlap. This is because all scatternetscheduling is handled below the HCI level byvarious components of the baseband.

Interoperability breakdown The greatest risk when passing the scatternet

communication operation to the host stack isthe inherent breakdown of interoperability thatthis entails.

By design, the Bluetooth Specification permits the seamless use of a Bluetooth hoststack from one manufacturer together with aBluetooth baseband from another, withouthaving to worry about interoperability.The baseband and the host stack are two of thesub-systems referred to in the BluetoothSpecification.

With a work-around, interoperability betweenthese two independent sub-systems is suddenly put at risk. The baseband and hoststack would need to be delivered together.This would be the only way to ensure that bothsides use and understand the samemanufacturer-specific HCI commands needed toget important clock drift information up into thehost stack so that a scatternet operation can beachieved.

ConclusionInteroperability between independent Bluetooth

sub-systems simply cannot be upheld whencontrol of scatternet communication operation ishanded over to the higher levels, i.e. the hoststack. With such solutions, all Bluetooth entitiesimmediately become dependent upon oneanother. This in turn defeats one of the primarygoals of Bluetooth – to facilitate seamless, ad hocwireless networks between Bluetooth devicesoriginating from any manufacturer.

It is clear that the authors of the Bluetooth 1.2specification are intent on making sure thatdevelopers focus on maintaining good linkquality. We are not going into detail on thismatter here, but more information can be foundin the white paper, which can be downloadedfrom www.ericsson.com/bluetooth.

The only way to ensure that scatternetimplementations remain true to the Bluetoothideal is by implementing them below the HCIlevel, in the core Bluetooth control layers.

Sponsored contribution

Texas Instruments (TI) has announced thata range of TI wireless solutions, includingBluetooth, OMAP processors and 802.11wireless LAN (WLAN), will be included in twonew converged mobile devices from the HPiPAQ Pocket PC series.

TI’s technology will allow iPAQ users tosimultaneously utilize the WLAN and Bluetoothwireless technology features of their handheldwithout sacrificing battery-life, size or cost. TI’sintegrated technology is included in the HP iPAQh6300 Pocket PC and the HP iPAQ hx4700Pocket PC.

“We are delighted that HP is continuing towork with TI to deliver converged devices toconsumers,” said Remi El-Ouazzane, TI MobileConnectivity Solutions business manager. “TI’sflexible approach to integrating multiplewireless technologies as well as itsinteroperable solutions for all system

components provide enhanced systemperformance to customers.”

“HP recognizes that the convergence ofwireless networking technologies is one of TI’sstrengths,” said John Brandewie, marketingmanager for converged devices, PersonalSystems Group at HP. “Working with TI allowedus to seamlessly integrate wireless capabilitiesto deliver the service and feature combinationsnecessary to meet the varying needs of theconverged mobile device market.”

The HP iPAQ h6300 Pocket PC cellular deviceincludes the OMAP1510 processor and featuresa simultaneous Bluetooth wireless voice andWLAN data connection. This allows the user tomake voice calls while browsing the web and toenjoy other Bluetooth-enabled functions such asprinting and headset listening, withoutsacrificing battery life.

HP and TI continue to enhance iPAQ’s wireless capabilities

TI Wireless and OMAP technology to add wireless connectivity to

HP iPAQ Pocket PCs

Bluetooth products

Bluetooth products continued

9

The latest GSM smartphone fromPanasonic Mobile Communications is to beBluetooth-enabled by BlueCore, CSR’ssolution. The Panasonic X700 GSMsmartphone, using CSR’s latest BlueCore3Bluetooth technology, was launched at 3GSMWorld Congress in February and is thecompany’s flagship model for 2004. TheX700 is due to be available in Europe, Asiaand the US later this year.

The compact clamshell phone operates on theSymbian operating system (OS) for mobiledevices. Support for CSR’s BlueCore is designedinto the Symbian OS Bluetooth software stack.

Inclusion of Bluetooth connectivity in thehandset allows images, multimedia messages(MMS) and video clips to be sent wirelessly to aPDA or a PC. Since the X700 also supports theviewing and editing of Microsoft Word, Excel or

Powerpoint documents, these can be easilyuploaded to a computer via Bluetooth.Connection to a hands-free kit for safer driving,or a Bluetooth headset for the convenience ofthe user, are additional benefits of a Bluetooth-enabled phone.

Panasonic’s tri-band smartphone also includesJava support, a VGA camera facility, high-qualityTFT screen, and support for miniSD cards forstoring images, documents and phone data.

Morgan Gillis, Executive Vice President ofSales for Panasonic commented, “Panasonic’sexpertise in the miniaturisation of consumerelectronics has resulted in driving down the sizeand weight of the Symbian OS smartphone - oneof the most technically advanced products in themarket”. Gillis continued, “CSR’s BlueCore3Bluetooth technology complements the X700’sadvanced feature set by enabling wireless

connectivity to other devices. Support forBlueCore in the Symbian OS also made it veryeasy for us to continue using the same reliableBluetooth silicon we have been using for ourpopular X70 model.”

Panasonic X700 smartphone to useCSR’s single-chip Bluetooth solution

Dallab, Inc. has announced its new DBH-80Bluetooth Headset. The DBH-80 is claimed toprovide crisp sound and high quality talktime for wireless and hands-free phoneconversations, and adjusts to fit either ear. Italso features voice activation functionsmaking it a true hands-free solution. Thismeets the legal requirements in manycountries for hands-free phoneconversations when driving.

Dallab provides wireless connectivity solutionsfor Mobile Computing Convergence and RFIDtechnology and has research & developmentcentres in the USA, Malaysia, Singapore &China.

The DBH-80 headset takes full advantage ofXemics’ ultra low power Bluetooth circuitsfunctioning on a single 150 mAh Ni-MH celloperating down to 0.9V. As it is fully compliant tothe Bluetooth specifications, the headset will

work with any Bluetooth enabled mobile phonesupporting the headset and/or hands-freeprofile.

“With the Bluetooth-enabled handset marketexpected to rise to 15% of the total handsetmarket in 2004 according to the ARC Group, thenumbers of headset should rise accordingly andDallab has positioned itself to grab a significantportion of this market” says Mr. Brian Cheng,business development manager of Dallab. “Withmore than 5 hours talk time, our wireless,comfortable, stylish and affordable headset isdesigned for use in daily life and people willenjoy it.”

Dallab announces its new generationof Bluetooth headsets

Dallab partners with Xemics overlightweight Bluetooth headset

10

USB dongles provide an exceptionally easymeans of adding Bluetooth wirelesscommunications to desktop PCs and laptopsthat do not have the functionality embeddedon the motherboard. Most of the donglescurrently on the market are based onBluetooth chip-sets that use external Flashmemory for storing the firmware. The primaryreason for this is that manufacturers of PCperipherals were quick to seize theopportunity to add Bluetooth dongles to theirproduct portfolios, and were forced to use thefirst chip-sets available. Flash memory basedBluetooth solutions allowed code revision tobe handled very flexibly, so that productscould be updated as standards evolved toenable a fast time to market.

However, Flash-based chip sets suffer from twodisadvantages – namely implementation cost andphysical size. In a high volume consumer marketwhere purchase price is a key productdifferentiator, dongle manufacturers arecontinually seeking to reduce production costs.And physical size is possibly an even moresignificant factor. Regardless of whether they areplugged into a USB port on a laptop or the back ofa desktop PC, most Bluetooth USB dongles projectsome four or five centimetres from the case andare susceptible to being knocked, possiblydamaging the USB connector in the process. Adongle that is half this size would have a clearcompetitive advantage.

Migrating to ROMThis situation is set to change significantly. The

software is now sufficiently mature thatmanufacturers can migrate to ROM-basedBluetooth solutions without fear of prejudicingfuture sales through compatibility issues. CSR’slatest single-chip ROM-based Bluetooth solution– known as BlueCore3-ROM – is now in massproduction and offers manufacturers a very lowcost means of implementing exceptionally smallUSB dongles. The chip is available in a 6 x 6 x1mm BGA (ball grid array), as well as an even

smaller CSP (chip-scale package) measuring just4 x 4 x 0.7mm. In typical OEM quantities of100,000+, the BGA version has a unit cost of lessthan $4.

BlueCore3-ROM features a built-in USBinterface and functions as a USB peripheral,responding to requests from the master hostcontroller – i.e., the laptop or desktop computer.Apart from the chip, the only other componentsthat are needed to implement a completeBluetooth system are a balun and filter, a crystal,and a couple of inexpensive discretes, resulting ina very low bill of materials, and a small PCB thatgives plenty of scope to the overall packagingdesigner.

BlueCore3-ROM provides a fully-qualifiedimplementation of the latest v1.2 standard, andhas been tested to work with the PC stacksproduced by Toshiba, and the Bluetooth softwarespecialist IVT Corporation. Bluetooth v1.2 includesan AFH (adaptive frequency hopping) featurewhich co-ordinates the frequency of Bluetoothand other 2.4GHz radio devices so that they don’tinterfere with each other. This makes the chip anespecially attractive proposition for Bluetooth USBdongles, since they might well be plugged into acomputer that is already equipped with WiFi.

To help accelerate development of BlueCore3-

ROM based USB dongles,CSR is making an exampledesign available to PCperipheral manufacturers.The same design is likely tobe of interest to PCmanufacturers, sinceincorporating a USBmodule inside the PC offersa particularly cost-effectiveand risk-free means ofadding Bluetoothfunctionality.

Future-proof designBlueCore3 has a data

transfer rate of 721 kilobitsper second in accordance with the v1.2 standard.While this is sufficient for most applications, largefile transfer operations – such as downloading animage from a mobile phone’s digital camera to aPC – can take some time; a 1Mb file, for example,typically takes about 12 seconds. As phonesbegin to incorporate even higher resolutioncameras, this issue will become more acute.However, CSR has just launched the industry’sfirst EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) Bluetoothsolution, which offers a maximum real world datatransfer rate of 2.1Mbps – enabling the same1Mb image file to be transferred in a mere 4seconds.

CSR’s BlueCore4 EDR Bluetooth solution isinitially being made available with external Flashmemory, with an HCI PC ROM-based versionfollowing in Q4. It will also be available in anexceptionally small (3.8 x 4mm) CSP, as well as a6 x 6mm BGA that will be pin-compatible withBlueCore3-ROM, enabling manufacturers toproduce a high data rate USB dongle with minimalredesign.

Simon Finch is VP Strategic Marketing with CSR.He can be reached via simon.finch@csr.com

by Simon Finch, CSR

USB dongles set to get smaller

CSR's single-chip ROM-based Bluetooth solutions facilitate development ofultra compact USB dongles

Sponsored contribution

Wireless industry intelligence - WLAN/Wi-Fi

11

IEEE security standard approval aids WLAN vendors

The proposed IEEE 802.11i specification wasapproved as an amendment to the 802.11standard on 24 June 2004 during an IEEE-SAstandards board meeting according to TrapezeNetworks, provider of the wireless LAN (WLAN)Mobility System.

"The ratification of 802.11i is a big step forward inenabling standards-based multi-vendor security inwireless LANs," said Dan Harkins, chief security architect at Trapeze and contributor to the802.11i specification. "Stronger encryption andauthentication can now be deployed in wireless LANs

that enable fast roaming between access points."The entire 802.11i specification defines a key

management and authentication protocol thatensures only trusted users get wireless access to thelocal area network (LAN) resources and establishesan authenticated shared-key between a mobile user'sclient device, such as a laptop, and an authenticator,like the Trapeze Networks Mobility Exchange switch.

802.11i offers a vast improvement over the 802.11-1999 standard that defines Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) encryption. After WEP's vulnerabilities becameknown shortly after its adoption a few years ago, the

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) was introducedas an intermediate fix and codified by the Wi-FiAlliance as Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) 1.0.

"802.11i defines a mode of the AdvancedEncryption Standard (AES) cipher, which has receivedextensive analysis by cryptographers around theworld and has not been susceptible to any knownattacks," said Harkins, who was an advisor to the U.S.government in establishing key managementspecifications for the Federal Information ProcessingStandard (FIPS) and authored the Internet KeyExchange (IKE) standard for IPsec.

Orange plans France's largest WiFi deployment Mobile phone company Orange will extend its

position as the number one provider of wirelessLAN (WLAN) services in France with a plan toextend its current total of 3,000 hotspots to 4,500by the end of 2004 with help from Cisco Systems.The project includes the first use in France - andone of the first in the world - of zero configurationnetworking, a feature which allows users to logonto WiFi networks directly without any changesto the setup of their computers, facilitatedthrough capabilities provided by the Cisco MobileExchange architecture.

Orange has forged deals to provide pre-paid WLANservices in Air France business lounges and Accor

hotels, with around 55 new WiFi hotspots - with up to25 access points - being introduced each week.Besides targeting real estate owners, the operatoroffers a post-pay WLAN service to its 2 millioncorporate mobile phone customers since April just bydialling #125# from their mobile phone to getconnection codes, making it one of the WLAN servicesavailable to the largest customer base and with themost terrific experience. The option to have paymentsadded to the mobile phone bill will be extended tocontract-based consumers among Orange's 12million-strong customer base this month. This ismade possible by the Cisco Access Registrar server,the Cisco Mobile Exchange component enabling

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA)services.

"With the Cisco Public Wireless Local Area Network(LAN) solution, we have technology which is fullyscalable and makes it easy for customers to use ourservices - and for us to roll out new ones, which willbe key to the business traveler." said ChristopheNaulleau, Orange WiFi program director. With theCisco Mobile Exchange solution, it makes nodifference whether a customer is trying to access thenetwork using a 2.5G, 3G or WiFi device - but it doesallow Orange to track the connection and bill for itappropriately.

Wi-Fi Alliance steps on proprietary extensionsThe Wi-Fi Alliance has announced a new policy

designed to ensure additional interoperabilityprotection for Wi-Fi certified products withproprietary extensions (e.g., vendor-specific highspeed options). The goal of the policy, which goesinto effect on July 19th, is to allow for productinnovation while assuring that all Wi-Fi certifiedproducts consistently meet consumerexpectations about quality and performance.

The Wi-Fi Alliance (formerly WECA) is the global Wi-Fi organization that created the Wi-Fi brand. A non-profit organization, the Alliance was formed in 1999 tocertify interoperability of IEEE 802.11 products and topromote them as the global, wireless LAN standard

across all market segments. The Wi-Fi Alliance hasinstituted a test suite that defines how memberproducts are tested to certify that they areinteroperable with other Wi-Fi certified products.These tests are conducted at independentlaboratories.

The Alliance says that as Wi-Fi technologycontinues to evolve, some companies have addedfeatures or “extensions” to their products that gobeyond the IEEE 802.11 standard and Wi-Ficertification requirements. Typically, these“extensions” are designed to offer additional speed orsecurity. The extensions policy is designed to addresssituations where one of these product enhancements

adversely affects the performance of another Wi-Ficertified product.

“Products are eligible to become Wi-Fi certifiedprovided they can pass the standard test suite andany extensions do not impair the ability of othercertified products to operate as intended,” said Wi-FiAlliance managing director, Frank Hanzlik. “If aproduct extension significantly impacts the ability ofother Wi-Fi certified equipment to operate asintended, the Alliance may withhold or revokecertification. We have taken this important step due tothe Wi-Fi Alliance’s continued commitment to apositive consumer experience,” Hanzlik added.

Wireless industry intelligence - WLAN/Wi-Fi continued

12

Why wireless home networking is inthe air in Europe

Kettles, fridges, wireless networks… ifcurrent trends continue, these could all beequally ubiquitous in the home before too long.

The freedom that residential Internet users inEurope are experiencing, on the back of growinguse of broadband, is now being extended aroundthe house thanks to wireless networking, whichhas dropped radically in price and improvedsignificantly in ease-of-use over the last fewyears.

A home wireless network can be purchased forthe price of a handful of CDs and configured in amatter of minutes, complete with Wi-Fi ProtectedAccess security and connection speeds of up to 54Mbit/s.

It allows laptop users to work, e-mail or surf theInternet from anywhere in the home; files to beshared between different computers around thehouse; and computer-based media - whethermusic or video - to be played on traditional stereosor televisions.

Cisco Systems’ consumer division, Linksys has afinger in the pie that is the revolution in homeworking and entertainment. In 1999, Linksysstarted out in the UK, then moved into Germanyand France in 2001. Following its acquisition byCisco, Linksys sales in Europe have soared,growing more than 300 percent year over yearbetween 2003 and 2004.

To find out how the company sees the homewireless networking market developing in Europe,we spoke to Mike Wagner, director of worldwidemarketing.

How does Europe compare to other parts ofthe world in terms of the acceptance and useof wireless home networking systems?

MW: Europe today is seeing an acceleratedgrowth in wireless networking. In the past 18months, broadband adoption in the home hassoared, leading to increased demand for wirelessnetworks.

How quickly is the market for wireless homenetworking growing in Europe?

MW: Between 2003 and 2004, the number of

An interview with:Mike Wagner, Director of worldwide marketing Linksys

Linksys wireless routers and adapters are unwiring the home

home networks in Europe will grow 59 percent,from 3.4 million homes to 5.5 million homes,according to an IDC report published in March.

What factors are driving this growth? Isdemand greatest from the home entertainmentor SoHo segments?

MW: Broadband adoption is driving the growth inhome networking. Typically, 62 percent ofbroadband customers will buy a home networkwithin the first 12 months after adoptingbroadband.

By far the majority of broadband customers - 84percent - implement a home network to sharehigh speed Internet access.

What trends do you expect to see in theEuropean home wireless networking market inthe next 12 to 18 months?

MW: Over the next 18 months, Wireless-G(802.11g) will replace 802.11b as the standard forwireless home networks. Wireless customers willbuy additional devices for their network, includingwireless game adapters, video cameras andmedia adapters.

Linksys introduced its first wireless devices forgamers in the United Kingdom in September2003, with the release of the WGA11B (Wireless-BGame Adapter) and WGA54G (Wireless-G Game

Adapter), the first network adapters of their kinddesigned strictly for use with gaming consoles.

Other new Linksys wireless home products wereshowcased at CeBIT this year, including video andaudio devices enabling users to stream music andmovies from their PC to a Hi-Fi or TV.

Linksys' Wireless-B Media Link for Music

(WML11B), for example, allows users to listen todigital music on their living room stereo. With theMedia Link, users can listen to MP3s, WindowsMedia Audio files and PC play lists on a homestereo, without running cables through the house.

The Media Link also offers access to thousandsof global Internet radio stations and support formusic streaming services. With optional speakers,the Media Link can also extend the same music toareas of the home without a stereo like thekitchen, patio or bedrooms.

Wi-Fi for your hi-fi

13

T-Mobile launches 3G, GPRS and Wi-Fi Service – but at a cost

BlueSecure detects rogue APs and devices

T-Mobile is the latest operator to jump onthe 3G bandwagon. It has launched its 3Gdata cards, combined with the extension ofits Wi-Fi HotSpot access points across theUK and the introduction of an offer thatprovides unlimited usage of both the datacards and Wi-Fi access on the same tariff.Aimed in particular at the travelling businessperson, T-Mobile aims to deliver unrivalledability to access the internet and corporatesystems at high speed and on the move.

The 3G data cards give access speeds of upto 128 KB, a speed which will progressivelyincrease to 384KB in the coming months andenable effective browsing of the internet, e-mailon the move and access to customers'corporate data systems, as well as servicessuch as video telephony, when used inconjunction with a camera either built into orattached to a laptop.

With the card, customers can have unlimitedWi-Fi, GPRS and 3G access, with seamlessroaming between GPRS and 3G, depending onthe coverage available. T-Mobile's Wi-Fi service,another unique offering among mobile operatorsis now available at over 500 locations in the UK

(over 7,000 group-wide) and offers broadbandinternet access and services at speeds of over1MB. T-Mobile plans a very considerableincrease in the roll-out of its Wi-Fi HotSpotsthroughout the UK.

Commenting, Brian McBride, ManagingDirector of T-Mobile UK, said: "The switch to 3Gis not just a matter of speed, it's equivalent tothe move from the typewriter to the PC. 3G datacards give customers internet access at similarrates to those they experience with high speedfixed-line internet access. Together with the fullbroadband speeds and capabilities of our uniqueWi-Fi service, which provides users with asimilar experience to being connected in theoffice, T-Mobile is truly starting to put theinternet in your pocket and enable you to takeyour office with you on the move."

The launch comes after extensive trials andusage with over 150 of T-Mobile’s businesscustomers, including Hewlett Packard whichhave proven the reliability and robustness of T-Mobile's 3G data cards. The promotional launchof the cards will be focussed in the majorbusiness centres where T-Mobile's 3G coverageis highest.

Steve Gill, Vice President and ManagingDirector HP UK and Ireland, said: “ We are indeedvery impressed with this unique data card,giving us the option of wifi or 3G speedswherever we need. T-Mobile begins with thecustomer in mind and this is a great step indelivering simple seamless communication tothe mobile workforce.”

The press release is tailed off with theinformation everyone wants to know – whatdoes it cost? T-Mobiles’s announcement saysthat the multi-media package costs £199 plus amonthly fee of £70 (based on a 12 monthcontract), and includes unlimited data accessregardless of whether usage is on 3G, 2.5G orWi-Fi. For a limited period, the service will befree for the first three months, but on face valuethis is a £1000/year package. This seems steep,and for all of the optimistic words of the partiesquoted here there will need to be some seriousbusiness justifications to warrant adoption ofthese products and tariffs in the enterprisesector.

Wi-Fi networks security vendor Bluesockethas announced BlueSecure. This is adedicated wireless LAN monitoring andintrusion protection system to protect anorganisation’s network from wireless-basedattacks.

BlueSecure Intrusion Protection Systemincludes a server platform (BlueSecure Server)that provides WLAN administrators with anmanagement interface to view all user activities,neighbouring wireless LANs, rogue orunauthorized Access Points, outside threatsposed by ‘war driving’, and advanced correlationto detect wireless attacks.

The BlueSecure Server works with the

BlueSecure RF Sensor, a purpose-built radiofrequency (RF) listening device that supports802.11 b/a/g as an overlay to enterprises with orwithout an existing WLAN. BlueSecure is vendor-agnostic, working with any vendor APs or Wi-Ficlient devices so that no changes to existingwireless or wired infrastructure are required.

BlueSecure’s approach to wireless intrusionprotection is based on finding wireless risksbefore hackers do, so vulnerabilities can beeliminated before they are exploited. The systemeconomically distributes RF sensing capabilitiesover an entire physical environment tocontinually check for rogue wireless devices,vulnerabilities due to mis-configurations or mis-

implementations, and best-practice policyviolations. The system detects all types ofwireless intrusions, including war-drivingattacks, denial of service attacks (DoS),impersonation attacks, and the use ofautomated attack tools.

BlueSecure Intrusion Protection System will beavailable in August from Bluesocket authorisedpartners and resellers/VARs.

Wireless industry intelligence - WLAN/Wi-Fi continued

14

Wi-Fi and mobile payment solutions still to prove their worth

Innovations in forecourt self-service:

Globally, almost 30% of petrol forecourtsoffer automated payment systems, and incertain markets 90-100% of sites operate at least one outdoor payment terminal (OPT). With fuel retailers primary objectivesbeing to protect market share, attract more customers and increase site efficiency,‘self service’ can contribute to boostingthroughput by up to 25% and reduceoperating costs, allowing fuel retailers toremain competitive in the face of increasedfuel prices. However, a new report byindependent market analyst, Datamonitorargues that forecourt retailers shouldinstead focus their attention on traditionalautomated payment solutions such as pay-at-the-pump, standalone outdoorpayment terminals or RFID transponders,rather than other ‘innovative’ alternatives.Implementation of in-store self-checkout onthe forecourt is ill advised.

In supermarkets where space is less limited,self-scanners and store navigators can beattached to shopping trolleys and are then‘docked’ at the checkout for payment. Thisensures less congestion at the till. However,when it comes to convenience retailers on theforecourt the story is different. In Datamonitor’sview, these options have as yet, very limitedpotential. The average customer visiting aconvenience retail outlet on the forecourtspends only 2 minutes in the shop, and just 40seconds in the queue. Space is very limited andthere’s greater opportunity for fraud, asmonitoring customers is more difficult. Littlewonder that to date, most have onlyimplemented trials. Datamonitor saystechnology needs to be improved, supply costsreduced and customers need to become moreau fait with the concept before this group ofconvenience retailers is willing to invest.

The introduction of mobile payment on theforecourt should be reserved until adequateinfrastructure has been established, and it iscommon for other transactions.

A major barrier exists with customers’ ‘fear’ ofusing their mobile phones to make mobilepayments. There’s a lack of trust in thetechnology and worry in terms of getting itwrong. Moreover, the majority of people do notown mobiles compatible with the mobilepayment option at the moment for it to beseriously considered, and the credit riskattached is significant enough to cause banksand forecourt retailers to be more hesitant.

Pay-as-you-go customers would be excluded,or would have to pay up-front for large amountsof credit on their mobile phones, thus defeatingthe point of convenient mobile payment.Collectively, issues with banks, mobile phone

companies, providers of the technology all worktogether to minimize the potential for furtherexpansion of the mobile payment offering on theforecourt.

Wireless (Wi-Fi) technology should not beconsidered as a payment solution on theforecourt. Given current limitations there isalmost no potential for Wi-Fi beyond beingoffered in selected sites for a specifiedaudience. Internet access via Wi-Fi should beused as a customer service offering on a limitednumber of sites on arterial roads, butDatamonitor does not recommend it as apayment method in the foreseeable future.

In the short-term heavy investment is neededfor this to become a viable option, and for mostfuel retailers, usage is restricted to only certaintypes of forecourt, mainly on arterial roads. Mostare hesitant to lead the way, and it will take afew ‘brave souls’ to make their mark beforeothers are convinced of the benefits.

Christina See, Oil Analyst at Datamonitor,comments: “Forecourt retailers should focustheir attention on traditional automated paymentsolutions rather than ‘innovative’ alternativesthat are less suitable for forecourtimplementation.”

Little chance yet to dial-up payment for your coffee

Wireless industry intelligence - UWB

Wireless industry intelligence - Wireless USB

15

Artimi Secures $14 Million in Series A Funding – UWB

interest grows

Unigen selects SiGe RF forWirelessUSB modules

Artimi Inc., a fabless semiconductor companydeveloping Ultra Wideband (UWB) siliconsolutions, has announced that it has closed a$14 million Series A funding round. IndexVentures co-led the round with Accel Partnersand Amadeus Capital Partners Ltd andinvestment from Oak Investment Partners.

Artimi is developing UWB integrated circuits thatprovide high bandwidth wireless connectivity forconsumer electronics, personal computerperipherals and industrial equipment. Its corporateheadquarters are in Burlingame, California and itsresearch and development headquarters inCambridge, UK.

“UWB presents a compelling solution for very highdata rate, short-range communications thateliminates the need for cables between consumerelectronics, personal computers and industrialdevices,” stated Hermann Hauser of Amadeus

Capital Partners, who joins the board. “Artimi’s UWBchips will make it possible to easily interconnect flatpanel displays, DVD, DVR and other multimediadevices. There are many applications for thistechnology and long experience of investing insemiconductor businesses leads me to believe thatArtimi has a good chance of becoming a leader inthe UWB field."

Artimi participates in standard-setting industrybodies, including IEEE 802.15 working groups andthe Multi-Band OFDM Alliance (MBOA), and believesthat by actively participating in the standardsprocess, it is best positioned to provide productsthat will interoperate with other standards-compliant UWB devices.

Artimi Chief Financial Officer Richard Dellabarcaadded “We are very fortunate to have the support ofsuch an experienced syndicate of investors. Artimihas made tremendous technical and commercial

progress to date. The Series A investment willenable us to deliver new UWB technology to ourcustomers, enabling them to deliver products tomarket ahead of the competition.”

The investment in Artimi is but the latest in agrowing trend, as more and more VCs take a seriousand sympathetic look at the commercial potential ofUWB. Companies such at StaccatoCommunications, Wisair, Alereon, and Pulse-Linkhave all recently enjoyed a considerable infusion ofVC funding, while the community is eagerly waitingto learn more about investors' interest in companiessuch as Blue7 Communications, TZeroTechnologies, and WiQuest Communications. Theseinvestments in UWB start-ups complement movesby the big guys -- Intel, Freescale Semiconductor,Philips Semiconductors, and STMicroelectronics --into the field, promising to make it crowded andcompetitive very soon.

Unigen Corporation has selected SiGeSemiconductor’s RangeCharger SE2526A RFfront-end device for its new Nexus "family ofJuno" WirelessUSB modules.

WirelessUSB, introduced in October 2002, wasdesigned by Cypress Semiconductor Corp. to targetpoint-to-point Human Interface Device (HID)applications, including PC mice, keyboards and videogamepads. Since then, the WirelessUSB family ofradio system-on-a-chip solutions has expanded toalso target longer-range commercial andtemperature-sensitive industrial applications.WirelessUSB devices employ a unique patent-pending approach to Direct Sequence SpreadSpectrum (DSSS) technology that avoids signal

interference from other technologies in the 2.4 GHzband such as 802.11b, Bluetooth, and wirelessemissions from both cordless phones and microwaveovens. They also feature a -95 dBm receivesensitivity rating, ensuring a strong signal at up to 50meters and beyond. Featuring a highly integratedradio transceiver plus digital baseband, The devicesfeature a data transmission rate of up to 62.5 kbpswith an average latency of below 10 milliseconds.They are also noted for their very low standby currentof approximately 0.25-microamp and up to 0 dBmoutput power, which translates into years of batterylife for a typical, low-data rate device.

SiGe’s device is a complete RF front-endintegrating a high-performance power amplifier,

power detector, transmit/receive switch, diversityswitch and harmonic filtering into a compact chip-scale device that is fully matched to 50 ohms.

Unigen’s JUNO-LPA modules are able to transmitand receive wireless signals over a range of up to 2/3mile and are intended for use in industrial devices aswell as consumer products including wireless PCperipherals, video game controllers, and remotecontrols.

The SE2526A is based on SiGe’s 802.11b/g poweramplifier, able to achieve power output of +18dBmwith an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 2.5 percentwhile operating in 802.11g mode. In 802.11b mode,it delivers +20dBm output power with an adjacentchannel power ratio (ACPR) of <-37dBc.

Wireless industry intelligence - Wireless USB continued

16

Atmel supplies CypressWirelessUSB technology

Atmel Corporation and Cypress SemiconductorCorp have announced that Atmel willmanufacture and sell chips based on Cypress'2.4-GHz WirelessUSB technology. WirelessUSBchips are currently used in low-data ratewireless devices, such as PC keyboards, miceand video game controllers, and are beingdesigned into a wide array of applications,including remote controls, toys and sensors.

WirelessUSB from Cypress has been shipping inproduction since December 2003 and has securedseveral major customer design wins, including Saitekand NMB. The technology is noted for its sub-$2

price tag, immunity to interference and ease-of-integration. WirelessUSB was engineered to addressthe non-networking-end of the wireless world,targeting point-to-point and multipoint-to-pointapplications that today are largely served byproprietary solutions based on 27 MHz, 433 MHz,868 MHz and 900 MHz technologies.

According to the agreement, Atmel will licenseCypress's WirelessUSB technology and algorithms,being capable of shipping compatible devices as ofQ3 this year in what both companies say is animportant step toward open standardization of thetechnology. The technology will be offered and

supported via Atmel's sales and support channels,while also continuing to be offered by Cypress.

"WirelessUSB is the right technology for thewireless desktop, providing a simple, low-cost, low-power alternative to other wireless standards likeBluetooth and other offerings," said Bob McConnell,vice president and general manager, RF andAutomotive Business Unit at Atmel. "We've seen somuch interest from major OEMs that we believe thistechnology is well on its way to becoming the de-facto standard for low-data-rate wirelessconnectivity. Atmel aims to add to this momentum."

BT and Deloitte provide RFID Deloitte & Touche (Deloitte) and BT have

announced a new collaboration to ease the pathto successful adoption of Radio FrequencyIdentification (RFID) technology for globalcustomers in the food, beverage and widerconsumer products sector. BT and Deloittebelieve this collaboration will reduce projectrisks, reduce the costs of adoption and helpclients drive substantial business benefits inhandling efficiencies and enhanced traceabilitythroughout the supply chain.

Deloitte claims to be the UK's fastest growing majorprofessional services firm based in 21 UK locations,

with over 10,000 staff nationwide. It deliversservices in four professional areas: audit, tax,consulting and corporate finance.

The partnership says that before today, largecorporates looking to implement RFID have neededto engage both a consultancy and a niche integrator.This has lead to confusion and a proliferation ofproprietary technology. Deloitte and BT believe theywill jointly provide consumer goods companies withaffordable, scalable and reliable RFID solutions thanany other implementation partner. These solutionswill be based on open EPC global standards.

Deloitte and BT will be offering an RFID discovery

programme, typically a short fixed price project todetermine Return on Investment (ROI) forimplementing RFID, evaluate alternative technologysolutions, develop a technology roadmap and buildan implementation plan. The collaboration will alsofocus on helping manufacturers comply with theRFID mandates from leading grocery retailers suchas Wal-Mart, Tesco and Metro in a way that offers apositive business case and delivers value tostakeholders in the supply chain.

This new collaboration involves no equity or otherform of investment.

Psion Teklogix and Shipcom Wireless deliver RFID and mobile

computing solutionsMobile computing and wireless data collection

specialist Psion Teklogix and Shipcom WirelessInc., have announced that Shipcom Wireless willresell Psion Teklogix’ line of rugged mobilecomputing devices with its CATAMARAN andCATAMARAN RFID software. Shipcom Wireless isa provider of enterprise mobility, RFID, supplychain automation, and business process

modeling solutions.The integration of Shipcom Wireless software with

Psion Teklogix’ mobile computing devices providescustomers with a range of additional data collectionoptions for all types of environments. Currently,Psion Teklogix offers integrated RFID capabilities in its 7535 and netpad hand-held devices as well as a tethered RFID reader that can be utilized with

a variety of Psion Teklogix vehicle- mount or hand-held devices.

“Many of our customers are beginning to demandcomprehensive end-to end RFID solutions,” said KyleDay, regional vice president, Psion Teklogix Americas.“Shipcom Wireless is a market leader and thecombination of our mobile computing and RFIDexpertise will drive business value.”

Wireless industry intelligence - RFID

Wireless industry intelligence - RFID continued

17

Paxar and Intellident share RFID know-how

Paxar UK is joining forces with Intellident Ltdto co-promote and deliver the latest in ‘smartlabel’ RFID solutions.

Paxar and Intellident will work together to deliverRFID smart label solutions that can be specificallytailored to applications working with both13.56MHz and the range of UHF frequencies.Combining Paxar’s knowledge, label design andproduction capabilities, with Intellident’s RFIDsolutions and implementation skills, will allowboth parties to collectively offer a range of robustRFID solutions.

The partnership announcement follows recentnews made by the Paxar regarding its Marks &Spencer RFID application, which is currently beingtested in the largest garment-specific trial ever.The trial is in its second phase, and being testedat six of Marks & Spencer’s London stores –specifically on its men’s suits. The tags developedfor the garment trial are contained withinthrowaway paper labels called Intelligent Labels.

James Browning, Group Managing Director ofPaxar UK said: “We are delighted at the news ofour strategic partnership with Intellident. It further

demonstrates Paxar’s ability to provide robustRFID solutions in a highly demanding market. Wehave a strong working history with the Intellident,and we look forward to building mutuallybeneficial relationships.”

Socket releases RFID Dev Kits withCF RFID readers for Pocket PCs

Socket Communications has announced theavailability of SocketReader Development Kitsfor its Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)product line as part of an ongoing strategy tohelp value added resellers (VARs), systemsintegrators (SIs), and Auto ID softwaredevelopers implement RFID technology intotheir mobile solutions using Pocket PCs.

Socket says that its existing Auto ID developercommunity will now be able to begin developmentand pilot deployment of applications that support

reading of and writing to ISO15693 and ISO14443industry standard tags and smart labels.

Two versions of Socket’s Development Kits areavailable. The first is a single-functionCompactFlash RFID reader plug-in card priced at$1,995, and the second is a multi-functionCompactFlash RFID reader plus a laser bar codescanner for $2,495. The software element of thedevelopment kit is based on the sameprogramming standards used by the SocketScanSDK that supports Socket’s family of bar code

scanning products. Included in the DevelopmentKit is a selection of RFID tags based on the Tag-It,ICode, PicoTag, LRIS12 and ‘my-d’ 13.56MHz tagprotocols.

… and launches RFID Technology InvestmentProtection Programme

Paxar has launched what it describes as aunique RFID Technology InvestmentProtection Programme (TIPP) to major groceryretailers, and their suppliers. TIPP addressessuppliers’ needs to implement RFID quicklyand effectively, as well as comply withstringent requirements to provide shipmentswith RFID encoded labels.

TIPP comes in the form of specially cateredRFID solutions kits, and includes the Monarch9855 RFID bar-code printer/encoder, 10 cm x15.2 cm (4” x 6”) thermal transfer, die-cut labelswith Alien UHF Class 1 antenna, 12-Month RFIDTechnology Investment Protection includingcomplimentary on-site upgrades and technicalsupport of its RFID printers for a full-year, full

RFID Reference Guide and ProgrammingManual and sample RFID compliance formatswith download software.

Wireless industry intelligence - RFID continued

18

RFID experts group moves to AIM Global

A group of RFID (radio frequencyidentification) expert advisors initiallychartered by the U.S. Department of Defencewill become an expert advisory group withinAIM Global, the industry trade association forRFID and the automatic identification industrysaid today.

The group, known as the RFID Experts Group(REG), has been working with the DefenseDepartment to address implementation issuesrelated to supply chain adoption of RFID systems.The Department and a number of global retailersare beginning to require suppliers to implementRFID automatic data identification systems totrack cases and pallets of goods.

RFID uses chips on various substrates that canbe attached to cases and pallets. Informationabout the contents of the cases and pallets can berecorded on the chips, allowing companies to

track inventory and goods through an entiresupply chain.

“The Defense Department recognized thatissues such as tag/label issues, reader operations,and bar code back-up data structures reachbeyond its own RFID initiatives and are, in fact,common to all companies implementing RFID,”said AIM Global President Dan Mullen. “AIM, as theindustry trade association for RFID and otherautomatic identification and data collectiontechnologies, was the logical home for the REG.”

Craig K. Harmon, president, QED Systems, whobrought the REG together in February, 2004, saidthe REG is making progress on a number ofprojects on its agenda and that several projectsare already nearing completion. “There are manyorganizations out there who regularly hype thetechnology of RFID,” Harmon said. “REG wasformed to address the tough issues, providing a

foundation of realistic expectations. With the ever-growing applications of RFID, the group’stransition from the Defense Department to AIMprovides a logical path for continuing this work.”

"We see the RFID Experts Group as a logicalextension of the work AIM historically has done todevelop standards and provide implementationguidance for the range of automatic identificationtechnologies,” Mullen said. “We are lookingforward to working with these talented individualsto address the real-world issues companies facewhen implementing RFID."

"The REG will be a working group open toindividuals and organizations willing to put in thetime and effort to develop solutions,” said AIMGlobal Chairman Tom Miller. “Their input willbenefit the entire field of RFID development andimplementation."

The ZigBee Alliancehas recently stated that ithas achieved its 2003 objectives and is oncourse to meet its 2004 objectives. Theorganization also reported significantadvancement of the ZigBee specification withsuccessful interoperability testing by membercompanies. The intention is to allow ZigBee todeliver a robust specification in 2004, whichwill enable developers to design interoperable,reliable and secure products targeted at thebuilding automation, industrial control,residential-lite commercial control, andconsumer electronic markets.

The ZigBee Alliance entered 2004 with strongmomentum from last year, highlighted by the morethan 350 attendees at the group’s open house inSan Jose, California, during the fourth quarter of2003. At that event, multiple vendors, including:Chipcon, CompXs, Ember, Figure 8 Wireless,Helicomm, Motorola, Sensicast and ZMD,

showcased products visibly exceeding theperformance estimates and firmly laying thefoundation for ZigBee-enabled applications.Member companies are already moving to sampleZigBee-ready silicon, and OEM membercompanies are developing prototype productsbased on that silicon. According to WestTechnology Research Solutions (WTRS), by 2008,there could be more than 300 million ZigBeechipsets shipped annually in the home automationsegment alone.

By the end of 2004, the ZigBee Alliance expectsto deliver the networking protocol specificationand application profiles, built on the IEEE 802.15.4standard, to enable broad-based deployment ofwireless networks. To ensure interoperabilitywithin these wireless networks, ZigBee recentlyheld its first internal interoperability-testing event.Several member companies participated in theinteroperability testing, which was conducted on

two levels: the first was designed to test the802.15.4 radio frequency (RF) functionality,specifically with the Physical Layer (PHY) andMedia Access Control (MAC), and the second wasdesigned to test ZigBee network functionality. Testparticipants were said to be extremely pleasedwith the level of success realized, especially giventhis was the first such testing event.

“The interoperability testing result clearlyillustrates that building automation developers will

soon be able to takeadvantage of the ZigBeetechnology to build anddeploy scalable wirelessmonitoring networks,”said Bob Heile, chairmanof the ZigBee Alliance.“These low cost, low

power ZigBee wirelessnetworks will help to

Wireless industry intelligence - ZigBee

ZigBee Alliance says growthtargets met

Bob Heile, chairman,ZigBee Alliance

continued

Wireless industry intelligence - ZigBee continued

19

centralize building management and home controlsystems. As a result, developers will benefit fromreduced installation and remodeling costs, andend users will benefit from significantly reducedpower consumption and cost savings.”

In the recent WTRS ZigBee market report andanalysis, Kirsten West said: “In the not-too-distantfuture, it will be common to find as many as 100ZigBee chips around the house. These will be

found in light switches, fire and smoke detectors,thermostats, appliances in the kitchen, video andaudio remote controls, landscaping and securitysystems. The same principles and models apply tonetworks in industrial, building automation andmedical markets."

“This is an opportune time for leadingcompanies who want to have input on developingthe ZigBee specification and create ZigBee

products to join the ZigBee Alliance at the groundfloor,” said Heile. “Member companies are in aunique position to influence the direction of thetechnology.”

Wireless industry intelligence - WiMAX

According to industry news source FierceWireless, (www.fiercewireless.com) theInstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers(IEEE) has ratified the 802.16-2004, or 802.16d,wireless broadband standard. This is a bigevent in the development of 802.16 andWiMAX, which is a sub-standard of IEEE-defined 802.16 technology. 802.16d willeventually form the core of the emergingwireless broadband technology called WiMAX,which promises to revolutionize the fixed-

wireless market by establishing an industrystandard for wireless broadband networks.The WiMAX Forum, an industry grouppromoting the WiMAX standard, will eventuallycertify wireless broadband solutions using802.16d as official WiMAX products. Such amove, however, may not happen until early2006.

Meanwhile, the wireless broadband market isstuck in limbo, as many potential customers waitfor WiMAX certified products to hit the market.

Some wireless broadband vendors, like Alvarion,are being forced to offer free upgrades to WiMAXwith their new products in order to battle the "waitfor WiMAX paralysis" that has gripped manypotential wireless broadband customers.

IEEE ratifies 802.16d / WiMAXwireless broadband standard

Cambridge Broadband Limited has joined theWiMAX Forum as a principal member. Thecompany will be introducing WiMAX-compliant versions of its market-leadingVectaStar equipment.

The WiMAX Forum was established to acceleratethe market adoption of IEEE 802.16-basedwireless broadband equipment, providingoperators with greater economies of scale. TheForum's membership includes a number ofleading broadband wireless component andequipment manufacturers.

Peter Wharton, Chief Executive Officer ofCambridge Broadband, explains: "The keystrength of WiMAX is its support forinteroperability. We recognise the industrydemand for this and are joining the WiMAX Forum

to help address thisdemand. The superiorperformance of ourVectaStar equipmentprovides us with a strongposition for introducingWiMAX-compliantproducts."

Cambridge Broadband'sVectaStar equipmentprovides operators with

carrier-class capability of up to 60Mbps full duplexper customer, non-line-of-sight coverage and canbe used for both access and backhaulapplications.

Cambridge Broadband expects to introduce theWiMAX-compliant versions of its VectaStar

technology in early 2005. This equipment will befully interoperable with existing networks, and willbe made available to both current and newcustomers.

Cambridge Broadband joins WiMAX Forum

Peter Wharton, CEO,Cambridge Broadband

Incisor directory

20

Incisor directory of Bluetooth andwireless industry companies

Access point/gateway productsBLIP Systems Clipcomm Inc.Commil Ltdlesswire AGInventel �

Pico CommunicationsRed-MTadlysWireless Networks Inc.

AntennasFractusGigaAnt

Cellular handsetsMitsubishi Electric Telecom EuropeMotorolaNokiaPanasonicPhilipsSony Ericsson

Communications ConsultingAlpine CommunicationsPA Consulting Group

Connectivity/Hardware products

3ComAnycom, Inc.Brain Boxes Ltd �

Ensure TechnologiesLogitechMediaSolv.comRoving Networks Socket CommunicationsTactel ABTDK Systems

Troy GroupXircom

Digital pen and paper technology

Anoto

Hardware and softwaredesign/IP

Adamya TechnologiesARC Wireless Solutions Inc.Atinav Inc.CEVA Inc.Colligo Networks Inc.Cosmic Co LtdDsIT Technologies LtdEricsson Technology Licensing

Company �

ImpulsesoftIVT CorporationLinTech GmbHMecel ABMindTree ConsultingNewLogic TechnologiesPenell A/SRTX TelecomStollmann E+V GmbHTality CorporationTelecaTTPCom Ltd.WaveLab Engineering AG

HeadsetsGN NetcomPlantronics

Industrial productsBaracodaBlueGiga Technologies

ConnectBlue AB

Market research & analysisARC GroupBaskerville �

Chorleywood ConsultingEMCIMS Research

Mobile Computing productsCasioFujitsu Siemens ComputersIBMPalmSamsung ElectronicsSony Information Technology

EuropeToshiba Information Systems

OEM solutionsSMART Modular

Technologies �

Silicon/SemiconductorsAlcatel MicroelectronicsAtmel CorporationBrightcom Technologies, Inc.Conexant Systems, Inc.Cambridge Silicon

Radio (CSR) �

Infineon TechnologiesIntel CorporationKC Technology IncNational Semiconductor GmbHPhilips Semiconductors �

RF Micro DevicesSiGe SemiconductorSilicon & Software SolutionsSilicon Wave �

SpireaSTMicroelectronicsTexas Instruments, Inc.XEMICS SAZeevo, Inc.

Software solutions &applicationsAtinav Inc.BandspeedMezoe �

Microsage WirelessNorwood SystemsOpen InterfaceRegiSoftRococo SoftwareSofBlue Inc.WIDCOMM �

Zi Corporation

Test EquipmentAnritsuBerkeley Varitronics SystemsCatalyst EnterprisesCETECOM Spain �

IAR SystemsTektronix, Inc.Tescom Co Ltd

Test houses7 layers �

CETECOM Inc. �

EricssonETS DR.GENZ GmbHIntertek ETL SEMKO �

Radio Frequency Investigation (RFI) �

TM

contact details for that company by clicking on the icon. This provides a link toan expanded profile of that company.

Incisor continues to be the only continuously published magazine dedicatedto Bluetooth and short range RF technology, and is received at more than 1200companies across the world, and enjoyed by an estimated readership of25,000 individuals. To add your company or a profile for your company to thisdirectory listing, email: directorylisting@click.co.uk

As time goes on, more and more companies join the Bluetooth SpecialInterest Group (SIG), becoming part of the global network of companies that areworking to take Bluetooth technology to market.

On an ongoing basis, Incisor includes a listing of companies providingproducts and services within the Bluetooth and short range RF sector.

Beyond the simple listing, wherever there is an open book icon (�)alongside the company name, you will be able to obtain more information and

Wireless industry calendar of events

21

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Further wireless industry events will be added to the calendar as soon as they are announced. See notes below regarding editorial submissions.

DATE EVENT LOCATION NOTES LINK

Sep 21 - 23 2004 Wireless Enterprise World ExCeL London - www.wirelessenterpriseworld.com/2004

Sep 27 - Oct 1 2004 3GSM World Congress Asia Suntec International - http://www.gsmconferences.com/3gsmasia/ Convention & Exhibition Center, Singapore

Oct 13 -14 2004 Enterprise Wireless Technology Olympia, London Dedicated enterprise event for mobile and http://www.enterprisewirelesstechnology.com/ wireless technologies

tbc, October 2004 WiCon Asia Singapore - www.wiconworld.com/asia November 8 - 10 2004 WiCon Americas Santa Clara - www.wiconworld.com/americas Convention Center November 16 - 17 2004 Wi-Fi World Africa 2004 Sandton Convention - http://www.wirelessenterpriseworld.com/2004/wifi%5FZA/ Centre, Johannesburg, Africa

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