new york state security guard training
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New York State Security Guard Training. Chapter 1 Introduction. Why Have this Course?. The Security Guard Act of 1992 In response to the rapid growth in the field of private security Public security is overwhelmed Private concerns need immediate attention that public security can’t provide - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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New York State Security Guard Training
Chapter 1Introduction
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Why Have this Course?
The Security Guard Act of 1992In response to the rapid growth in the field of private security
Public security is overwhelmedPrivate concerns need immediate attention that public security can’t providePrivate industry relies on private security
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Why Have this Course?
The Security Guard Act of 1992In response to the rapid growth in the field of private security
Provides a general and specialized workforce to enforce rules, regulations and procedures of employersPrevents loss or damage to people and property
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Duties of Private Security
The Security Guard Act of 1992In response to the rapid growth in the field of private security
Represents the employer by providing guidance to visitors and employees
Manage traffic flowDeter criminal activities on the employers property
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New York State Responds to this Need
The Security Guard Act of 1992Ensures security personnel meet a minimum recruitment and training standardsThere is a need to regulate and license security guards
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Training
Unarmed Training8 hours pre-assignment training16 hour on-the-job training course8 hour annual in-service course
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Training
Armed Training47 hour Firearms Training Course for Armed Security Guards8 hours annual Firearms Training Course for Armed Security Guards
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 2Role of a Security Guard
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Role of a Security Guard
The Role of a Security Guard
Provide client or employer with professional protective servicesDedicated to the principle of maintaining order and securityFirm and fair in their actions when providing safety to persons and property
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The Role of a Security Guard
Public RelationsTreat people with courtesy and tactBe firm but politeComplete assigned tasks
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Role of a Security Guard
CharacterA security officers should be honest and loyal to their employersA security officer should not
Fail to prevent damage or theft of propertyAccept bribesPermit violations of company policies or proceduresEngage in unlawful activities
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Role of a Security Guard
Character Report all violations of rules and regulationsBeware of the “Routine”
This is what you are paid to doThere is also the possibility of dangerRemain alert
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Role of a Security Guard
Attitude
The security officer is often the first person a visitor comes into contact
This is the first impression of the companyThis will impact all future contacts
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Role of a Security Guard
Be CourteousThis allows for greater cooperationDo’s
Assume non-threatening attitudeRemain impersonal
ExpectRepeat questions from visitorsQuestions that seem silly or ridiculous
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Role of a Security Guard
Be Courteous
Should never be discourteouslyMaking the visitor waitBecome emotionalUse abusive languageDon’t escalate the situation
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Role of a Security Guard
Appearance Hard AppearancePolice type uniformTraining of a paramilitary structure
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Role of a Security Guard
Appearance Soft approach
Blazer, slacks, shirt and tie
More in tune with a public relations approach
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Role of a Security Guard
Appearance
Regardless must be readily identifiableGood personal appearance, goes with ability
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Knowledge of the Job
Learning is a Never Ending ProcessRules and regulationsLocations and areas of protectionStructure of the company
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The Security Officers Primary Directive
DetectThis includes diligent patrolGood observation and perception skillsBeing proactive
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The Security Officers Primary Directive
DeterDeterrence is seen as preventing a crime or incident from occurringThis is accomplished by maintaining
High visibilityHigh profileUniformed appearance
Don’t fall into a routine or pattern
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The Security Officers Primary Directive
ReportReporting is gathering information and passing it on the appropriate person
WrittenVerballyElectronically
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Duties of a Security Officer
No Longer Just a Watchman or Guard
Must have knowledge of the facilityPolicies and procedures of postLayout of facilityHours of operationRegulations, procedures, notification
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Duties of a Security Officer
No Longer Just a Watchman or Guard
General tasks of Security OfficersEscort serviceAlarm responseCrime preventionPatrolCrowd and traffic controlBasic investigation
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Duties of a Security Officer
No Longer Just a Watchman or Guard
Control of theft or loss preventionBe aware of delivery schedulesBe knowledgeable of visitor accessBe knowledgeable of employee access
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Duties of a Security Officer
No Longer Just a Watchman or GuardSubstance Abuse
Allows others to be placed in jeopardyWhite Collar Crimes
Sabotage, bribes, kickbacks, payoffs, computer fraud, embezzlement
Emergency SituationsFires, explosions, disturbances, strikes, hazardous materials, natural disasters, evacuations
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Duties of a Security Officer
No Longer Just a Watchman or GuardSecurity officers are not police officersSecurity officers can only act on company rules, regulations and policiesWhen it comes to enforcing the law, security officers are viewed as private citizens
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 3Legal Powers and Limitations
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Main Functions of a Security Officer
Provide a Safe and Secure Environment for:
EmployeesVisitorsResidents
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Main Functions of a Security Officer
Use Caution When Taking ActionLiable for Actions
ArrestDetentionUse of force
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Main Functions of a Security Officer
Use Caution When Taking ActionLiable for Inactions
Mistaken for being a police officerActing outside your geographic areaSecurity officers have the same legal rights as private citizens
Liable may be civil or criminal
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The Origins of Law
Common LawA traditional body of early unwritten legal precedents created from everyday English social customs, rules and practices that were supported by judicial decisions during the Middle AgesJudicial decisions came together into a set of legal rules that were accepted as national law
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The Origins of Law
Common LawJudges criminalized actions that were previously private disputesCommon Law involved the transformation of community rules into a national legal systemCommon law became the law of the land by proclamation of King Edward the Confessor and William the Conqueror in the 11th Century
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The Origins of Law
The Magna Carta (1215)Signed by King John in response to pressure from British barons which demanded a pledge from the king to respect their traditional rightsIt was interpreted in 1613 by Sir Edward Coke, a Chief Justice under James I, to supply basic liberties to all British citizens and any acts imposed by Parliament which were contrary to common law would not be valid
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The Origins of Law
The U.S. Constitutional Convention (1787)
A constitution is a system of basic laws and principles that establish the nature, function and limits of a governmentThe framers believed that English Common Law was a solid foundation of civil and human rights laws
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The Origins of Law
The U.S. Constitutional Convention (1787)
However, there were those, Anti-Federalists, who opposed a strong federal government In an effort to appease the Anti-Federalists, the framers of the Constitution added Amendments to ensure the national government would not interfere with individual liberties
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The Origins of Law
The U.S. Constitutional Convention (1787)
The first 10 Amendments are the known as the “Bill of Rights”The 4th Amendment protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizuresThe 5th Amendment protects citizens against self-incrimination
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Security Officers and Their Authority
Police Officers Can Arrest Without a Warrant NYS CPL 140.30
For any offense when he has reason to believe a person has committed the offense in his presenceFor any offense when he has reason to believe a person has committed the offense whether in his presence or not
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Security Officers and Their Authority
Security Officers, Just Like Any Other Person, Can Arrest Without a Warrant NYS CPL 140.30
For a felony when the person has in fact committed that felonyFor any offense when the person has in fact committed that offense in his presence
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Arrest Without a Warrant by Security Officers
The Standard of ProofThe “Standard of Proof” necessary to support an arrest by a private person or security officer requires that the act was committed, not a hunch, not a guess, not ever reasonable beliefRemember, only police officers can arrest on a reasonable belief
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Felony, Misdemeanor and Violations
FelonyAn offense for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment in excess of one year may be imposed
MisdemeanorAn offense, other than a traffic infraction, for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment in excess of 15 days may be imposed, but not in excess of one year
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Felony, Misdemeanor and Violations
Violation An offense other than a traffic infraction for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment in excess of 15 day cannot be imposed
OffenseConduct for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment or to a fine is provided by an law of this state
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Security Officers and Their Authority
Violations of the RulesCivil Law Suits seek monetary compensation from the security officer or companyCriminal charges seek punishment from the wrongdoer in the form of imprisonment
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Security Officers and Their Authority
Violations of the RulesThe “Theory of Respondeat Superior”
An employer may be responsible for the acts of an employee, when the employee is acting within the legitimate scope of his authority
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Factors Supporting an Arrest
Physical EvidenceThe “Chain of Evidence” requires that all property seized from an arrestee must be properly documented and accounted for until it is turned over to law enforcement officers
ConfessionsAll confessions must be written, signed and witnessed
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Factors Supporting an Arrest
Fingerprints and PhotographsAll must be clear and recognizable
WitnessesKeep all witnesses at the scene until police arriveKeep them from talking about the incidentIf they are unable to wait for the police, get good identification
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Factors Supporting an Arrest
Record personal observations ASAPRecord all information from the policeRecord all information received from sources in addition to the police
Establish the reliability of the person making the identificationEstablish the basic knowledge of the witness
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
The ArrestThe person effecting the arrest is allowed to use the physical force necessary in Section 35.30 (4) of the New York State Penal Law
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
The Arrest (Section 35.30)A private person acting on his own account may use physical force upon another person when and to the extent that he reasonably believes such to be necessary to effect an arrest or to prevent the escape from custody of a person whom he reasonable believes to have committed an offense and who in fact has committed an offense
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
The ArrestSecurity officers do not possess the authority given to police officers or peace officers and are not duty bound to act as law enforcement officers
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
The ArrestSecurity officers should try to:
Use physical presence to deter crimeRefrain from using physical forceAbide by company policiesInstead they should contact police or peace officers
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
Procedures After an ArrestA person making an arrest must without unnecessary delay deliver the arrestee to the custody of a police officerA person may also solicit the aid of any police officerA person may also solicit the aid of others to deliver the arrestee to the police
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Procedures for Taking a Person into Custody
The Miranda WarningsIn 1966 the U.S. Supreme Court decided that all citizens in police custody should be warned about making statements that may incriminate themselvesPrivate citizens making arrests need not give these Miranda Warnings
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 4Emergency Situations
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Potential Emergency Situations
FiresThe security officer needs to aggressively act to prevent fires from startingRemember the old saying
“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”
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Potential Emergency Situations
Classification of FiresClass A
Ordinary combustibles, wood, paper, cloth
Class BFlammable or combustible liquids, gases or grease
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Potential Emergency Situations
Classification of FiresClass C
Energized electrical equipment, automotive
Class DCombustible metals such as magnesium and titanium
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Potential Emergency Situations
Fire ExtinguishersSome are single purpose, some are multi-purposeThey will be marked on the side of what fires they will extinguishYou should check the this prior to useYou need to know what types are available, where they are located, and their status (full)
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Potential Emergency Situations
Factors that can Contribute to the Start of a Fire
Rubbish build up, greasy rags stored improperly, smoking in unauthorized areas, open flame heating devices, improperly stored hazardous materials, defective electrical equipment, unattended space heaters, unattended coffee makers left on, combustibles stored near heaters
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Potential Emergency Situations
Steps When Entering a Fire ZoneRemember RACE
R – RespondA – AlarmC – ContainE – Extinguish
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Potential Emergency Situations
Steps When Entering a Fire ZoneRemember PASS
P – PullA – AimS – SqueezeS – Sweep
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Potential Emergency Situations
Explosions Can be the Result of AccidentsIntentional
TerrorismSabotageBombs
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Potential Emergency Situations
Steps When Encountering an Explosion
The safety of the officer is primaryAttend to the injuredCalm down those who are in panicMake sure everyone is safe and there is no further danger Secure the area to minimize additional loss and injury
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Potential Emergency Situations
Bomb ThreatsFacts About Bomb Threats
Most are unfounded, but need to be taken seriouslyThey are intended to create a disruption to the workplaceFalse reports are made to catch the victim off guard when the threat is real
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Potential Emergency Situations
How to Respond to Bomb ThreatsList to what the caller is sayingTry to keep the caller on the phoneListen for background noiseTry to determine the type of bomb, location, detonation time, why the bomb was placedRecord all the informationNotify the management
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Potential Emergency Situations
How do Bombs Enter the BuildingMail or messengerDisgruntled or former employeeEmotionally disturbed personProtest groupsCar or truck
Bombs don’t have to enter the building to be effective
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Potential Emergency Situations
Tips on Locating BombsLook for something out of placeAssist professionals in finding them
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Potential Emergency Situations
Hazardous Material IncidentsSecurity officer should be aware of stored hazardous materials, their properties and dangersHazardous Material Training
HazCom AwarenessHAZMAT accidentsNational Fire Protection Association placard system
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Potential Emergency Situations
General Rules Established by HAZMAT
Don’t touch or smell the materialIf it is liquid, don’t try to mop it upMake all notifications by phone, radio transmissions can trigger an explosionOnly properly trained personnel should attempt the cleanup
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Potential Emergency Situations
Natural DisastersPower interruptionsWater leaksWindow damageFailing iceIcy sidewalks Be prepared to assist in evacuations and emergency relocations
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Potential Emergency Situations
Crimes in ProgressRespond with more than one guard if possibleListen to the dispatcher for updates and informationRelay information to other unitsRemember laws about arrest and forceIdentify and separate potential witnessesEstablish and secure the crime scene
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Security Response to Emergencies
Evacuation of Employees Emergency Preparedness PlanNotification listsProper authorities to contactEvacuation routesLoss control proceduresIndividual roles in executing the procedures
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Security Response to Emergencies
Responding to EmergenciesThe safety of the officer is primaryKnow the employers emergency plans and your roleKeep and up to date emergency listRequest assistance when needed, no heroesSecure the area as best as possibleEnsure your safety and then the safety of others
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Security Response to Emergencies
Responding to EmergenciesEvacuate and assist if necessaryRemain calm, you are in controlTake mental and field notesKnow your limitationsHave a thorough knowledge of the work area
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Security Response to Emergencies
After the Emergency has PassedAsked to be critiqued on your performance
Learn from your experienceFind new ways to improve your response
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Security Response to Emergencies
The Next Two ThingsA smoke condition appears to be coming from the floor above25 people walk into the lobby and begin to picket your buildings biggest tenantA women rushes up to you and tells you that a man on the 5th floor appears to be in cardiac arrest
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Security Response to Emergencies
The Next Two ThingsYou hear a rumble, glass start to break, the first major earthquake in N.Y. in 100 yearsA riot breaks out, outside your building when a local sensational trial verdict is handed down
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 5Communications and
Public Relations
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Communication
The Importance of Communication Can’t be OverstatedComponents of Communication
The sender-the person delivering the messageThe receiver-the person to whom the message is being deliveredFeedback-affirmation that the message was received by the person intended and that they understood the message
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Five Uses of Communication in Security
Public RelationsThis is the most commonIt is used to combat prejudicesTools to use are appearance, demeanor, tact and understandingA combination of verbal and non-verbal skills
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Five Uses of Communication in Security
ComplianceUsed to maintain order
Describing eventsKey for reportsLegal testimonyDocumentationCommunication with outside agencies
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Five Uses of Communication in Security
EmergenciesProtecting people and propertyThe rapid, accurate exchange of information can be critical for successful response to an emergency in progress
InterviewingAn investigative tool
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Three Methods of Communication
Verbal CommunicationSent by speaking and received by hearingSpeaking componentsListening componentsNon-verbal communication skills can enhance verbal skills and the overall communication process
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Three Methods of Communication
Verbal CommunicationCommon uses of oral communicationsCommon problemsSkills to practice to communicate more effectively
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Three Methods of Communication
Non-verbal CommunicationNon-verbal componentsNon-verbal communication is usually the first and has a lasting effect on communication
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Three Methods of Communication
Written CommunicationDocumentation of activitiesMay be an aid to memoryCommunication with superiorsTypes of written communicationRules of written communicationWriting exercise
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Three Methods of Communication
Written CommunicationStatements
May be taken orally, but written is preferredMust be voluntary, no threats or promises or intimidation
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Three Methods of Communication
Written CommunicationThe interview should be planned in advance
Questions to be askedSuitable locationRecording method
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Obstacles to Effective Communication
Message BreakdownCaused by the security officers ability to correctly state the message
Lack of speaking abilityLack of understanding the message to be delivered
Using phrases or jargon, poor presentation, poor organization, no feedback
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Obstacles to Effective Communication
Psychological BarriersBias or prejudicePanic or fearThreat to personal safetyNoiseExtreme emotion
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Obstacles to Effective Communication
Failed ReceptionMental illnessStress
Marital problemsFinancial problemsHealth problems
Cultural or language problems
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Components for Effective Communication
FeedbackUse a third earAdjust your rate of speechFace to faceSensitivity to the receiver
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Components for Effective Communication
Reinforce words with actionsUse direct and simple languageUse repetitionCommand presence
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 6Access Control
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
Visual RecognitionPersonal knowledgeYou know the person and stop asking for identificationLeast reliable means of identificationAdhere to posted orders
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
Written DocumentationEmployee photo badgesVisitor badges and vendor identificationWork ordersDelivery manifestsIf the security officer has a question about the documentation
Ask for additional identificationContact a person in the area
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
Third Party AuthorizationIssuance of a written order authorizing admittance of a visitor at a certain time and dateContacting the employee to be visited and verifying the visitThe employee can come to the security post and personally escort the visitor to the area
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
Security EscortsAll visitor are escorted to the area to be visited and the responsibility is passed to the employeeThis is high security, the visitor has little freedom of movement
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
Log-in ProceduresAccountabilityIn case of an emergency, security is aware of all occupied areasComplies with guidelinesDiscourages access by unauthorized personnelEncourages security/employee interaction
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Elements of Access Control and Identification
The Golden RuleWhen in doubt, deny accessDocument any attemptsBring the attempts to a supervisor
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Threat Potential
Assessment Assessment is used to determine the level of access control necessary to adequately protect the facility
DemographicsType of facilityOccupants functionsLevel of physical security in place
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Major Threats to Industry and Government
SabotageDamage or disable equipmentInternal causesExternal causesWhy was the damage caused
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Major Threats to Industry and Government
EspionageSurveillance, infiltration and spying of the activities of a business or government agencyInternal or externalCommon practice among competitorsThe more competitive the market, the greater the chance for espionage
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Major Threats to Industry and Government
TerrorismAn overt act that causes apprehension, panic, fear and/or damage and which ultimately disrupts the normal working environment of the business or governmental agencyLow level
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Types of Access Control
EnvironmentalBarriers created to control the flow of pedestrians and vehicle trafficStrategically placed landscaping and lighting
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Types of Access Control
Physical SecurityElectronic card readersTamper resistant locksSecurity doorsCentral station alarmsClosed circuit televisionFences
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Types of Access Control
PersonnelSecurity officers posted at entry points and at vulnerable areasPosted orders and employer rules and regulations about access and restrictionsApprove or deny access to restricted areas
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Security Guard Training
Chapter 7Ethics and Conduct
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Ethics
Defining Ethics The discipline with what is good and badWith moral duty and obligation and a set of moral principlesThe principles of conduct governing an individual or group
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Ethics
What are Ethics?Involves a value for one thing over anotherA choice of good over badInfers acting on principle because someone is the better for itInfers moral responsibility and principle upon which ones actions are based
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Integrity
Defining Integrity A firm adhere to a code of especially moral or artistic values
IncorruptibleHonest
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Morals
Defining Morals Relating to the principles of right and wrong in behavior
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Ethics
So, Ethics are a system of moral principles which lead to the highest good
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A Code of Ethics
A Code of EthicsContains general statements on principles and/or rules of conduct by which members of a particular profession regulate their behavior among themselves and others they deal with in a professional capacityIncorporates moral and ethical principles and philosophies and is a measure of a person’s conduct against a standard of behavior
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A Code of Ethics
A Code of EthicsIn society there are certain basic ethical and moral rules of behaviorA code of ethics focuses on conduct within specific professions
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Why a Code of Ethics for Security Guards?
Higher expectationsPosition of authorityPotential for serious harmPublic holds officers to a higher standardRepresent employer and companyPublic relies on officers
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Benefits of a Code of Ethics for Security Officers
Creates a sense of professionalismPromotes professionalismEnhances public’s view of officersProvides a foundation for professional, responsible and honorable actionsProvides better protection of public rights
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Benefits of a Code of Ethics for Security Officers
AttractsA better pool of applicantsCreates a more professional imageThere is less turnover
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Unethical Practices
Loss of Public ConfidenceOne bad apple spoils the whole basket
Excessive use of forceFalse arrest and detentionIllegal search and seizureImpersonation of police officersAny act of dishonesty
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Unethical Practices
Loss of Public ConfidenceOne bad apple spoils the whole basket
Failure to report criminal actsAccepting bribes or gratuitiesFalsifying reportsShowing favoritism
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Code of Ethics for Security Officers
Leaders in Establishing a Code of Ethics for Security officers
American Society for Industrial SecurityInternational Association of Chiefs of PolicePrivate Security Management and Security Employees
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Code of Ethics for Security Officers
The Bottom Line in Ethics is:Never knowingly to do harm
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Now that the Course is Complete
Call 518-474-4429 or www.dos.state.ny.us/lcns/contact.htmAsk for a Security Guard Registration Application Packet or download the applicationFollow the instructions