Grand Resources: A Fact Sheet for Grandparent and Relative Caregivers to Help Access Supportthrough the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program......................................................................................................................

IntroductionTemporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) is often theonly financial support available for grandfamilies like yours--families in which children are being raised by extended familymembers, like grandparents, and close family friends.

TANF may provide you and your grandfamily with support inseveral ways:

•Monthly cash to help meet the needs of your grandfamilyor to meet the needs of just the children you’re raising

•short-term help to meet a need like buying a crib or pay-ing a utility bill

•a pathway to access other important supports, like theSupplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)/foodstamps and Medicaid

TANF is a federal program, so it’s available in all 50 states, theDistrict of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands andGuam. However, it varies dramatically from state to state.States have a lot of flexibility to decide who is eligible and howmuch support to provide. States can even call TANF by differ-ent names. For these reasons, this fact sheet answers ques-tions from caregivers like you in general terms that apply nomatter where you live. This fact sheet also has a chart thathas contact information so you can get information about thespecific TANF program in your state.

Questions and Answers That ApplyNo Matter Where You Live

(1) I hear there are two types of TANF grants. What are they?

The two types of TANF grants are known as "child-only" and"family" grants. They may be called different things whereyou live.

Child-only grants

Child-only grants were designed to consider only the needsand income of the child. A child’s income might include child

support payments or a public benefit like SupplementalSecurity Income (SSI). Because most children have limitedincome, most relative caregivers can receive a child-only granton behalf of the children in their care.

Child-only grants are usually smaller than family grants.Although they may not be enough to meet all the needs of thechildren you’re raising, they can be a big help. The averagegrant is about $8 per day for one child. This is the nationalaverage, so some states pay more and some pay less. Allstates, however, pay only slightly more for any additional chil-dren in the grandfamily.1 In other words, the children youraise would not each get $8 (on average) per day to meet theirneeds; only the first child would get the full amount.

Family grants

The second type of TANF grant you may be eligible for is a“family grant.” If you meet your state’s income guidelines, youcan receive a grant that addresses your needs, as well as thoseof the children you’re raising. These grants are limited underfederal law to no more than 60-months and you typically haveto meet requirements to work or look for work.

States can make exceptions to these work requirements andtime limits. Many states make these exceptions and/or allowtime extensions for caregivers who are over age 60, are neededin the home to care for an incapacitated/disabled household

FACT SHEET

Photo by Pedra R.

member or are providing care for young children. Some statesmake other exceptions that might be specific to relative care-givers like you.

(2) For either type of grant, I’ve been told that I haveto give my right to child support to the state, so thestate can try to collect money from the parents. Idon’t want to make the parents mad and have themphysically hurt my grandchild and me. What do I do?

There is a federal requirement that you give your right to childsupport to the state. However, you can ask for a “good cause”exception to this requirement. The federal government allowsstates to make these exceptions. “Good cause” usually includesyour fear that the parents will be violent towards you and thechildren. Some states spell out in writing how to get one ofthese exceptions, and some don’t, but all states can grant them.

(3) I’m not related by blood, marriage or adoption tothe child I’m raising. He’s my godchild (or my neigh-bor or the child of a family friend). Can I still get afamily or a child-only TANF grant?

The ability to get TANF if you’re not related by blood, marriageor adoption depends on where you live. The federal govern-ment allows states to define “relative” for TANF, and somedefine “relative” to include godparents and other familyfriends.

(4) If my granddaughter and I get TANF, can we alsoget Medicaid and SNAP/food stamps?

Yes. If you get TANF, you should be able to get other supportsas well. In several states, TANF application forms are “com-bined application” forms. These forms usually include TANF,SNAP/food stamps, and Medicaid. Even if the forms are notcombined, states often automatically enroll beneficiaries inSNAP/food stamps, child care assistance (if working or inschool), and Medicaid. While these programs have different eli-gibility rules, many are not applied to TANF recipients.2

You should know that if you apply for SNAP at the same time asa TANF child-only grant, you will be asked about your income,in addition to the child’s income. In most states, your incomeinformation is only used to figure out the amount of SNAP ben-efits you can get. The state will not use your income informa-tion for any other purpose.

(5) My friend told me she got some short term bene-fits through TANF to help her pay for her nephew’sschool supplies and bed. How can I get some helplike that?

The federal government allows states to use TANF funds topay for short-term benefits. Many states offer these benefits.Depending onwhere you live,they may be usedto cover many dif-ferent types ofexpenses, like autility bill or a bur-ial. These benefitsare usually one-time benefits tohelp with a specificcrisis or need, andwill not last morethan four months.To get this help,you do not have tomeet work requirements.

(6) TANF could really help us, but I’ve never askedfor help from the government and I don’t want tostart now. What should I do?

We often hear these types of comments and concerns fromgrandfamilies like yours. Caseworkers, judges, attorneys, andothers can add to your concerns by saying insensitive things --- things like “you’re only raising the children for the money,”or “family should take care of family without governmenthelp.” Try to dismiss these ignorant comments. You andothers like you have heroically stepped forward to care forchildren and keep families together. Congress said that oneof the three primary reasons TANF was created was to helpgrandfamilies like yours.

Also know that most people -- with the exception of the verywealthy -- need help to meet the many needs of children theydidn’t expect to raise. Consider the costs. It will cost about$240,000 for a middle-income couple to raise a child born in2012 for 18 years.3 This does not even include the cost of col-lege. The costs of extra food, clothes, child care, school sup-plies all add up.

Photo by Liz Larkin

Despite the costs of raising children and the fact that TANF wascreated to help relatives raising children, only 12 percent ofgrandfamilies access it.4 We want to see it help more familieslike yours. So, please get the support you deserve to meet theneeds of the children you’re raising. Think of it as helping thechildren, which is what TANF will do.

Questions to Ask Your State orLocal TANF Caseworker

We hope we’ve given you a general idea of TANF benefits.Please now look at the chart, refer to your state TANF web-site, and call your state office. The person on the phonemay be able to help you or refer you to someone in a localoffice who can.

(1) What are the state’s income and other eligibility requirementsfor TANF family and child-only grants?

(2) What kind of documents do I need in order to apply for aTANF family or child-only grant?

(3) Does the state make exceptions to the TANF family grant’swork requirements and time limits for caregivers like me? -- • Are there exceptions for caregivers who are over age 60?• Are there exceptions for caregivers who are needed in the home

to care for an incapacitated/disabled household member?• Are there exceptions for caregivers who are providing care for

young children?• Are there exceptions for relative caregivers in general?• Is there another exception that may apply to me?

(4) (If you need one), can I get an exception to the requirementto give the rights to collect child support to the state?

(5) (If you’re not related by blood, marriage or adoption), can Iaccess a TANF family or child-only grant?

(6) Can I apply for Medicaid, child care assistance, andSNAP/food stamps at the same time I apply for TANF?

(7) Does the state offer any short term or one-time benefits tohelp pay for things like a crib or the rent that I owe?

(8) Are there any other services or benefits, which are funded byTANF, that I may be able to access where I live? Are there anystate programs funded by TANF that provide services or sup-ports specifically for grandfamilies?

Other Resources That May HelpAnswer your Questionswww.grandfactsheets.org

This website contains fact sheets for each state and the Districtof Columbia with state-specific data, services, and programsfor grandfamilies. You may be able to find a local group thatcan help you access TANF and other services.

Kinship Navigators

Your state may also have people known as kinship navigatorswho can help you access TANF and other programs for youand your grandfamily. These navigators are a great resource,but they do not exist in all areas of the country. To see ifthere are navigators where you live, go to www.grandfami-lies.org/KinshipNavigator-Programs/KinshipNavigatorProgramsSummaryAnalysis.aspx.

2-1-1

Many communities have these staffed phone lines that canhelp you access services. Check www.211.org to see if 2-1-1exists in your area or look in your local phone book.

AARP Foundation Benefits QuickLINK website

Another resource that may help you see what benefits you canaccess is www.aarp.org/quicklink. This website can help linkyou with TANF, SNAP/food stamps, Medicaid, and other servic-es. You can input your and your grandfamily’s information inthe QuickLINK tool and it will tell you what help you may beeligible to receive.

http://insurekidsnow.gov/

This is a great resource to find out more about Medicaid inyour state. You can also call 1-877-KIDS-NOW (Toll Free).

www.fns.usda.gov/snap/applicant_recipients/apply.htm

This website will tell you more about SNAP/food stamps whereyou live. You can find contact information for local offices andthe state hotline, along with each State's application.

Photo by Yesenia H.

1 U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). TANF and Child Welfare Programs: IncreasedData Sharing Could Improve Access to Benefits and Services (Washington, DC: GAO, October2011). Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-2

2 Sheila Zedlewski, TANF and the Broader Safety Net. (Washington, D.C.: The Urban Institute,2012). Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412569-TANF-and-the-Broader-Safety-Net.pdf

3 U.S. Department of Agriculture. Expenditures on Children by Families, 2012. Retrievedfrom http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/CRC/crc2012.pdf

4 Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2012). Stepping Up For Kids: what government andcommunities should do to support kinship families. Retrieved fromhttp://www.aecf.org/KnowledgeCenter/Publications.aspx?pubguid={642BF3F2-9A85-4C6B-83C8-A30F5D928E4D}

Generations United is the nation-al membership organizationfocused solely on improving thelives of children, youth, and

older people through intergenerational strategies, programs, and publicpolicies. Generations United represents more than 100 national, state,and local organizations and individuals representing more than 70 mil-lion Americans. Since 1986, Generations United has served as aresource for educating policymakers and the public about the econom-ic, social, and personal imperatives of intergenerational cooperation.Generations United acts as a catalyst for stimulating collaborationbetween again, children, and youth organizations providing a forum toexplore areas of common ground while celebrating the richness ofeach generation.

Generations United gratefully acknowledges the Annie E.Casey Foundation for their support of this publication.

Thanks also go to Ana Beltran, Generations United'sSpecial Advisor, for drafting this fact sheet; Jaia PetersonLent, Generations United's Deputy Executive Director, formanaging this project; and Generations United's NationalGrandfamilies Partnership Working Group for it invalu-able feedback in the creation of this publication.

For further information, please contact:Generations United1331 H Street, NW, Suite 900Washington, DC 20005Phone: (202) 289-3979; fax: (202) 289-3952; email: gu@gu.orgwww.gu.org ©2013, Generations United

Reprinting permissible provided Generations United is credited and no profits are made.

Additional National Resources

www.gu.org – The Generations United website contains freefact sheets and publications concerning grandfamilies, and thelatest federal public policy activity impacting the families.

www.grandfamilies.org – The Grandfamilies State Law andPolicy Resource Center contains a database of laws and legisla-tion impacting grandfamilies both inside and outside the fostercare system for all 50 states and the District of Columbia, inaddition to analyses of these laws and legislation.

www.aoa.gov -- The National Family Caregiver SupportProgram may be able to provide you with support servicesthrough your local Area Agency on Aging if you are age 55 orolder.

Through this program, AAAs or community agencies they con-tract with can provide up to five types of supportive services.Among those services is help learning about available servicesand gaining access to those services, support groups, training,respite care, and supplemental services that may include legalhelp. Even if you are younger than 55, you should contact theAAA, because it may use other funds to help younger care-givers. For contact information for your local AAA, visitwww.n4a.org/about-n4a/?fa=aaa-title-VI or call the eldercarelocator at 1-800-677-1116 (Toll-free).

www.aecf.org – The Annie E. Casey Foundation website con-tains publications and resources concerning grandfamilies,including a May 2012 Kids Count essay, Stepping Up for Kids:what government and communities should do to supportkinship families.

www.brookdalefoundation.org -- The BrookdaleFoundation’s Relatives As Parents Program (RAPP) is a nation-al network of support groups and services for grandfamilies.They have grantees in almost all states, Puerto Rico, and theDistrict of Columbia.

www.extension.org -- An eXtension office in a land-grantuniversity near you may be able help. They also have a lot ofinformation on the Internet atwww.extension.org/category/family_caregiving_grandparen-ts_raising_grandchildren.

www.urban.org – The Urban Institute compiles both a data-

base and databooks of TANF rules. They are a bit complicatedto use, but can be helpful in looking up the rules for yourstate. The databooks and database can be found athttp://www.urban.org/welfare/databook.cfm

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pt. of

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rvices

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elfare

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uppo

rtive

North

ern N

evad

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75) 6

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Servi

cesSo

uthern

Nev

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(702

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ncial

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to Ne

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amilie

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pt. of

Hea

lth an

d Hum

an Se

rvices

http:/

/www

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nh.go

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f/ind

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New

Jersey

WFNJ

(Work

First

New

Jerse

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pt. of

Hum

an Se

rvices

, Divis

ion

http:/

/www

.state

.nj.us

/hum

anser

vices/

dfd/p

rogram

s/wo

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00) 7

92-97

73

of Fa

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nt

New

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oNM

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ervice

s Dep

t.htt

p://w

ww.hs

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us/isd

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l(5

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New

York

FA (F

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Of

fice o

f Tem

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htt

p://o

tda.ny

.gov/

progra

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(800

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Dis

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North

Carol

inaWo

rk Fir

stDe

pt. of

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lth an

d Hum

an Se

rvices

, htt

p://w

ww.nc

dhhs.

gov/

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orkfirs

t/ind

ex.ht

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NF (T

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http:/

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s/ser

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finan

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lp/tan

fjobs.

html

(800

) 755

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or (7

01) 3

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32.

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tance

Policy

Divis

ionRe

lay TT

Y: (8

00) 3

66-68

88

Ohio

OWF (

Ohio

Works

First

)De

pt. of

Job a

nd Fa

mily

Servi

ceshtt

p://jf

s.ohio

.gov/

ofam/

index

.stm

(614

) 466

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Oklah

oma

TANF

(Tem

porar

y Assi

stance

for N

eedy

Fami

lies)

Dept.

of H

uman

Servi

ceshtt

p://w

ww.ok

dhs.o

rg/pro

grams

andse

rvices

/tan

f/(8

66) 4

11-18

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ssista

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cash/

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local

office

: htt

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page

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w.sta

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ashass

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(800

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mpora

l para

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minis

tracio

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esarro

llo

http:/

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icios.a

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(787

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Rhod

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sland

Work

sDe

pt. of

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rvices

http:/

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i.gov

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ithCh

ildren

/Rho

deIsla

ndWo

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abid/

195/

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(401

) 462

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Carol

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depe

nden

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pt. of

Socia

l Serv

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https:

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custom

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ssista

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milie

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pt. of

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sd.go

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NF

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ram

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genc

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ame

Web

site

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(651

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TTY/T

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rvice:

(800

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of Eco

nomi

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ortun

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p://w

ww.dh

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(800

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n only

: (40

2) 32

3-390

0Om

aha o

nly: (

402)

595-1

258

Tenn

essee

Fami

lies F

irst/T

ANF

Dept.

of H

uman

Servi

ceshtt

p://t

enne

ssee.g

ov/h

uman

serv/

adfam

/afs_

tanf.h

tml

(866

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Texa

sTA

NF (T

empo

rary A

ssista

nce fo

r Nee

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milie

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alth a

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uman

Servi

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mmiss

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ww.hh

sc.sta

te.tx.

us/He

lp/Fin

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porar

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stance

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(877

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Utah

Speci

fied R

elativ

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ramDe

pt. of

Work

force

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ceshtt

p://jo

bs.uta

h.gov

/cust

omere

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ervice

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family

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801)

526-0

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ont

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UpDe

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dren a

nd Fa

milie

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p://d

cf.ve

rmon

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reach_

up(8

00) 4

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ency

of Hu

man S

ervice

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NF (T

empo

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ssista

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dy Fa

milie

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pt. of

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an Se

rvices

http:/

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ncial_

progra

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ANF.h

tml

St. Th

omas:

(340

) 774

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;St

Croix:

(34

0) 77

3-232

3; St.

John

: (34

0) 77

6-633

4

Virgin

iaTA

NF (T

empo

rary A

ssista

nce fo

r Nee

dy Fa

milie

s)De

pt. of

Socia

l Serv

ices

http:/

/www

.dss.v

irgini

a.gov

/ben

efit/

tanf/

index

.cgi

(800

) 552

-3431

or (8

04) 7

26-73

85

Washi

ngton

TANF

(Tem

porar

y Assi

stance

for N

eedy

Fami

lies)

Dept.

of So

cial a

nd H

ealth

Servi

ceshtt

p://w

ww.ds

hs.wa

.gov/

onlin

ecso/

TANF

_Sup

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tml

(877

) 501

-2233

htt

p://w

ww.ds

hs.wa

.gov/

kinshi

pcare/

West

Virgin

iaWV

WOR

KSDe

pt. of

Hea

lth an

d Hum

an Re

source

s, htt

p://w

ww.w

vdhh

r.org/

bcf/f

amily

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stance

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orks.a

sp(8

00) 6

42-85

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(304

) 558

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Burea

u for

Child

ren &

Fami

lies

Wisco

nsin

W-2 (

Wisco

nsin W

orks)

Dept.

of Ch

ildren

and F

amilie

shtt

p://d

cf.wi

sconsi

n.gov

/w2/

Mi

lwau

kee O

nly: (

414)

227-4

633,

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of Sta

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ot Mi

lwau

kee)

: (8

55) 7

57-45

39

Wyom

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WER (

Perso

nal O

pport

unitie

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pt. of

Fami

ly Se

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, htt

ps://

sites.

goog

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/a/w

yo.go

v/dfs

web/

econo

mic-a

ssista

nce/p

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(307

) 777

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With

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tate

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