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Go to Honors US History 3 Handouts

• Print out note sheet for Background of World War I

• Follow the Powerpoint to complete note sheet

Next Unit - World War ISpecifically- America’s Involvement

British troops on the front line, Somme area, 1916

So what can we conclude from the US pursuing and achieving several foreign policy goals in the early 20th century?

1) Expanded access to foreign markets in order to ensure the continued growth of the domestic economy

2) US builds a modern navy to protect interests abroad3) US exercises its international power to ensure

American dominance

US HAS BEEN DRAWN DEEPER INTO WORLD AFFAIRS WITH PURSUIT OF IMPERIALISM BUT IS LEADING THEM TOWARDS A WAR THEY COULD NOT AVOID…

Section 1 – Long-Term Causes of World War I

Long-term causes (the real causes)

(M.A.I.N.)

M. Militarism Def: military forces (ex: army) are given a high

profile by the government

Why a cause?

Development of the armed forces (military built up) to be used as a tool of diplomacy

Need to protect your empire; military source of pride

Militarism Examples in EuropeFrance and Germany – size of armies doubled (100 yrs)

Britain and Germany – fierce competition for mastery of the seas

The British ‘Dreadnought’ (effective battleship)

Germany also drew up plans of action that involved attacking France ( Belgium) IF Russia attacked Germany

A. Alliance systemDef: An agreement made between two or more countries

to give each other help if it is needed (Allies)

Treaty to support one another if attacked

*These were important because they meant that some countries had NO option but to declare war if one of their allies declared war first

Why cause? Tried to prevent war due to the pressures

of 3 causes by maintaining a balance of power; ultimately caused an assassination to then become a world war

v.

I. Imperialism

Chapter 10 Review

Def: When a country takes over new lands or countries and makes them subject to their rule

Why a cause?

Need to get raw materials/ new markets to make your country stronger; empire source of pride

Ex: The amount of lands ‘owned’ by Britain and France increased the rivalry with Germany who had entered the scramble to acquire colonies late and only had small areas of Africa

N. Nationalism

Def: Being a strong supporter of the rights and interests of one’s country

Why a cause?

National unity & interests more important

than global cooperation (may be an ethnic group)

Europe in 1914 (ethnic groups)

How Did It All Begin?The Bosnian Crisis

• 1908 – Austria-Hungary annexed (took over) Bosnia [was just occupying it – treaty with 9 E. Nations]– Serbians (angered) felt province should be theirs

– stirred up trouble for A-H.• Serbia threatened Austria-Hungary with war

– Russia (allied with Serbia) mobilized forces – Germany (allied to Austria-Hungary) mobilized forces

» Threatened war to Russia» Russia backed down

Had lost a great amount of international prestige when it was defeated by Japan in the 1905 war in the Far East. - Russian Navy destroyed (was seen as a humiliating defeat.

The Bosnian Crisis con’t• Then 1911-1912 – War in

the Balkan states (drove out Turkey [Ottoman Empire] out of area)– States fought over which

area should belong to which state

– Austria-Hungary intervened – forced Serbia to give up land

TENSIONS HIGH BETWEEN THE TWO

THEN THE

SPARK IN

1914

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne by Gavrilo Princip, a Slavic nationalist and member of the Black Hand (secret society) , in Sarajevo, Bosnia (June 28th)

If need to review of story (click below)

assassination_franz_ferdinand handout.doc

Austria-Hungary’s Reaction to death of their heir…

• Took 3 weeks!

*Austria-Hungary linked the Serbia gov’t with the Black Hand Society

Decided to take this opportunity to stamp out Serbia authority over the Serbians, crush the nationalist movement, and cement Austria-Hungary’s position in the Balkans– Demanded in an Ultimatum

• Hand over the Assassins for justice (decreasing Serbia’s sovereignty def: having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory; power to rule and make laws)

• But Austria-Hungary expected Serbia to reject ultimatum and then they would launch a limited war against Serbia.

But Serbia had “an ace in their back pocket”

• Serbia had ties with • So, Austria-Hungary contacted their “ace”

– Didn’t think Russia would want to be drawn in…

BUT just in case, Austria-Hungary wanted assurances that Germany would come to its aid IF Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary

• Germany agreed and actually boosted Austria-Hungary’s warlike ego

RussiaGermany

Lead to WW I? (alliance system – the “chain reaction”)

(2). With pledge of support from Germany (beginnings of the Triple Alliance), Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia (July 28th)(3). Russia mobilizes army to help its ally Serbia (July 29th)(4). Germany views this as a threat; declares war on Russia (August 1st)

(1). Austria Hungary blames Serbia for murder of Archduke

(5). Germany’s Schlieffen Plan for fighting a two fronted war: knock France out quickly & then concentrate forces on the eastern front against Russia (6). Germany declares war on Russia’s ally, France (August 3rd); to get to France Germany invades neutral Belgium (August 4th)(7). Great Britain declares war on Germany because of treaties with Belgium & France & Russia (Triple Entente)

(8). Great War begins

Use remaining time to work on Wix.com webpage

• Go to Honors US History 3 Assignments Hollywood and History link to find:– Checklist of Webpage Requirements

• NO WRITTEN PAPER – EVERYTHING ON WEBPAGE

• Don’t forget the Bibliography section

– Mrs. Perella’s Example of Cold Mountain

Due Date: Thursday

In terms of your Test #2 (Imperialism)

• Finish essay in class–3rd – Thursday

–7th - Wednesday