New Spain, New France, and New Netherland

Colonization

Push vs. Pull Factors

Push Factor – Condition that drives people from their homeland

Pull Factor – Condition that attracts people to move to a new area

Northwest Passage

Throughout the 1500’s, many European nations continued to look for the Northwest Passage - waterway through or around North America. (push or pull)

Why would they look for the northwest passage?

New Spain (South and Central America, FL, TX)

• Spain had men named conquistadors (conquerors) who went to the new world for wealth, power, and territory

• Conquered the Aztecs and Incas with superior military equipment.

New Spain’s Government

At first, Spain let the conquistadors govern the lands they conquered. • However, they were poor leaders

Spanish king set up a strong system of government.• Set up a code called the Laws of the Indies

• Three types of settlements: pueblos, presidios, and missions

Settlement and People

Pueblos were towns, presidios were forts, and missions were religious settlements.

They also set up social classes.• Peninsulares - born in Spain (highest class)• Creoles - People born in America to

Spaniards (well-educated)• Mestizos - mixed Spanish and Indian• Indians - conquered people

New Spain’s Treatment of Native Americans

Spanish colonists needed workers for their ranches, farms, and mines.

To help them Spain gave them encomiendas - land grants that included the right to demand labor or taxes from the Indians

Death toll continued to rise so the Spanish looked across the Atlantic to Africa (slave trade)

New France (Miss. River to LA)

Unlike Spain, New France had little gold or silver.

The French profited from fishing, trapping, and trading.

The French also brought Catholic missionaries who taught Native Americans about Christianity.

New France’s Government

Similar to New Spain French king controlled the

government and a council appointed by the king made decisions.

Treatment of Native Americans in New France

Unlike New Spain, the French traded with the Native Americans.• Traded knives, kettles, and cloth for

furs and skins.• Native Americans even taught the

French survival skills.• Some French men married Native

American women.

New Netherland (NY)

The Dutch sustained their way of life through the fur trade and from having ports.

One of the most famous ports was that of New Amsterdam (NYC).• Brought the custom of ice skating and Saint

Nicholas (aka Santa Claus).• Used Dutch words like cookies, yacht, boss,

sleigh, and more.

Government in New Netherland

The people of New Netherland were overseen by a leader but for the most part followed the same laws as they would in the Netherlands.

Treatment of Native Americans in New

Netherland Like New France, the Dutch traded with

the Native Americans. They sought alliances (agreement

between nations to protect one another) with the Native Americans, just like the French, so that they could control the fur trade.• Dutch – Iroquois• French - Huron

Impact on Native Americans

What do you think the impact would be on the Native Americans?

Advanced Blog Posting

How might Native Americans feel about new people arriving in their homeland and how might their lives change?

Write at least 1 paragraph on your blog.