new progresses of monsoon asia integrated regional study (mairs) ailikun congbin fu mairs ipo...
TRANSCRIPT
New Progresses of Monsoon Asia Integrated Regional Study
(MAIRS)
Ailikun Congbin FU
MAIRS IPO
Institute of Atmospheric Physics
Chinese Academy of Sciences
AMY2008, 23-25April 2007, IAP, Beijing
What is MAIRS?
“Monsoon Asia Integrated
Regional Study (MAIRS) is an IRS program under ESSP, MAIRS
mainly focuses on the human-
monsoon dynamics over the monsoon
Asian region.”
Why monsoon Asia?
Dominated by monsoon climate
Unbalanced water resource distribution and Rich in ecosystems
Increasing temperature in recent decades
Large-scale landscape change due to climate change and human activity
Increasing emission of greenhouse gases and aerosols
Over pumping of ground water and
declining water quality Decreasing ecosystem service goods
and declining of biodiversity
Vision of MAIRS
“To significantly advance understanding of the interactions
between the human-natural components of the overall
environment in the monsoon Asian region, and implications for the global earth system, in order to
support strategies for sustainable development.”
Major achievements 2006
Tokyo Bay
Scientific Steering Committee installed
International Program Office formally opened in Beijing
MAIRS accepted as the first IRS of ESSP
International workshop ‘Mountain Zone’ held
Initial Science Plan published
Scientific Highlights
Crucial cross-cutting issues related to natural resources in water, energy, food security, biodiversity, air quality
and in disasters.
MAIRS integrates research on these issues in four geographic Zones in Asia:
• the Coastal Zone• the Mountain Zone• the Semi arid Zone• the Urban Zone
Coastal Zone
Urban ZoneSemi-arid Zone
Mountain Zone
Key points of the Themes
Urban Zones Changes in resources use and emission due to rapid
urbanization
Coastal Zones Rapid transformation of land and marine resources
Semi-arid Zones Vulnerability of ecosystem due to changing climate and
land use
Mountain Zones Multiple stresses on ecosystem and biophysical
resources
Hotspots study for MAIRS
1, The impacts of climate variation and human perturbation over the semi-arid region
2, Industrial emission and hydrological cycle in expending mega-cities in monsoon Asia
3, global warming and its impacts in Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau region
Hotspot Study 1: Semi-arid region
Semi-arid China
Koppan climate classification
Semi-arid China
Why Semi-arid Study?
Water resources and ecosystem service goods are crucial to the people living in semi-arid regions
Semi-arid regions are sensitive to climate variation and human perturbations
Semi-arid together with arid areas in monsoon Asia are the major sources of dust aerosol
Land degradation in semi-arid India
Land degradation in
semi-arid China
China
Global drying trend over last 30 years(Dai, 2004)
Changes of dry areas
Asian DustStorm
April 7,2001
10Apr, 2006 inner Mongolia 16Apr, 2006, Beijing 18Apr, 2006, Tokyo
Two CEOP reference sites over semi-arid Chinamm
8 0 9 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 0 1 3 0 1 4 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
0
1 0 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 0
5 0 0
6 0 0
8 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 2 0 0
1 4 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 7 0 0
1 8 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 1 0 0
Tongyu
Lanzhou
Lanzhou
La t: 35.32N,
Lon: 104.09E
Precip: 381.8 mm
Elev: 1874.1 m
on China-loess plateau
Tongyu
44.42N, 122.87E
Elev: 184 m
Precip: 404 mm
New initiative of observation network over arid and semi-arid regions of China (with CERN/CAS, CEOP, MOST,
MAHASRI, CMA, et.al)
Research Agenda
Interactions among global warming, monsoon variability and aridity
land surface-atmosphere processes over semi-arid region
Dust aerosols, the hydrological cycle and regional climate
Required field observations
• Surface Fluxes • Atmospheric aerosols, particularly du
st aerosols • land cover/use information; • Biological component
Satellite Data Requirements
• Data from various sensors, such as MODIS onboard NASA’s Terra platform and VEGETATION onboard SPOT.
• Other sources of operational stationary and polar-orbit satellites, such as China Fengyu series, would also be explored.
Model Requirements
The global model outputs will be used to drive the regional environmental system model to understand the physical, chemical and biological processes interactions in the semi-arid regions,
including: dust aerosol generation and transfer; the climate effects of dust aerosols and land use changes due to human activities, etc.
Hotspot study 2: Mega-cities over Yangtze River Delta Region
Semi-arid China
Shanghai, China Bangkok, Thailand
Tokyo, Japan Bombay, India
Urban air quality
Yangtze River Delta Region (YRD) in China YRD is a typical monsoon area, it occupies 1% of Chinese land area,6.9% of China’s population (total 1.3 billion). 21% of GDP in China is from YRD in 2002. Average economic growth rate is about 9.4% in recent 25 years. YRD is also one of the most polluted areas in China
Satellite image of Yangtze River delta
region
Aerosol Monsoon system
Human DevelopmentIndustrialization, Urbanization,
enhanced, agriculture
Environmental impactAgriculture, air quality, human health, Water sources, extreme climatic event,
biodiversity
Emission
Direct and indirect effect
Transport and deposition
Social Science
Natural Science
Framework of Integrated Aerosol Study in MAIRS
Adaptation(policy, law, institution)
Theme 1 Interaction between aerosols and monsoon system
– Physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of aerosols
– Formation, transport, and deposition of aerosols
– Interaction of aerosol and cloud– The effects of aerosols on monsoon
circulation and precipitation
Theme 2 Impact of aerosols on local environment
– Impact on air quality and visibility reduction
– Impact on agriculture yield
– Impact on human health
– Impact on extremely climatic events
Theme 3 Human adaptation and control measures
– Human adaptation
– Control policy and measures
– Earth System Modeling
Scientific themes
The impacts of Anthropogenic aerosol emission to the monsoon circulation and precipitation regime in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) regionHow does the monsoon climate influence the distribution and transportation of aerosol in YRD region?
Research Agenda
Observation Network over Yangtze River Delta Region
Required observations
• Physical, chemical, optical and radiative properties of aerosols
• Emission inventory of key aerosol species and their precursors in YRD
• Atmosphere chemical components• Remote sensing (satellite and aircraft) • Meteorological/environmental records• Social-economic parameters in Yangtze ri
ver delta region
Research base
Aircraft measurement
Y-12: made by China
From Prof. Wang W.
Dilution system for vehicle sources sampling
From Prof. Wang W.
From Prof. Wang W.
Chamber with FEP TEFLON wall
MODIS AOD - China in 2002From Dr. Li C.C.
Research base – remote sensing
Research base - modellingRadiative forcing of Black carbon in China
From Dr. Wu J.
MAIRS Important events in 2007
Tokyo Bay
MAIRS international workshop on semi-arid study (with CEOP, Lanzhou University, NSFC, MOST,CAS, 9-13Aug, 2007, Lanzhou).
Key topics of this meeting:
1, land surface-atmosphere interaction
2, Dust aerosol effect on hydrological cycle (local and regional)
3, climate change monitoring in semi-arid region
MAIRS Important events in 2007
Tokyo Bay
MAIRS international workshop on Anthropogenic climate change in Monsoon Asia (with MAHASRI/WCRP, AAMP/WCRP, NASA in November 2007).
Key topics of this meeting:
1, global warming impacts in monsoon Asian region
2, land surface change and monsoon climate
3, aerosol emission and hydrological cycle
