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New perspectives in INSPIRE application for environmental protection in Italy

Prof. Ing. Monica Pasca

http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/events/conferences/inspire_2010/


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Italian INSPIRE legislation

• Legislative Decree January 27, 2010 n. 32 – published on March 9, 2010

• Transposition of Directive 2007/2/CE INSPIRE• Structure quite similar to the Directive one:

– Definitions– Infrastructure– Metadata– Dataset interoperability– Network services– National geoportal– Public access– Share and re-use by public administration– Coordination measures


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National infrastructure

• The national infrastructure is made of– Metadata, spatial data sets and services related to spatial

data and environmental monitoring– Network services– Technological infrastructures needed for network services– Official list of public authorities responsible for availability

of spatial data set and related services– Index of public catalogues of environmental information

http://www.cantieredellinclusione.org/public/contenuti/immagini/Elenco(1).jpg


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Metadata: repository and contents

• National catalogue of spatial data (Repertorio Nazionale DatiTerritoriali – RNDT)– It was already established according to “Digital Administration

Code” (D. Lgs. 82/ 2005)– It should contain metadata for all the spatial data set available in

public administration– INSPIRE data are a subset of the national catalogue

• Regulation on metadata– The law includes Annex IV which defines metadata contents of

the national catalogue based on INSPIRE rules + national requests

– Important to have a common basis for all administrations– Modifications may be needed in the future to keep in line with

INSPIRE modifications and experience


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Metadata rules

• Metadata are a result of an in depth comparison of:– a previous national proposal according to which a first

version of the RNDT was built– INSPIRE Regulation 1205/2008 – INSPIRE technical guidelines– ISO standards (19115-19119)– User needs

• Tests on environmental data• Tests with the INSPIRE metadata validator• Some problems are still open but the main part is

there and it can work


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Re-use of existing infrastructures

• Environmental National Information System Sistema informativo nazionale ambientale S.I.N.A.– National network of environmental agencies and authorities for

monitoring and reporting

• Portale Cartografico Nazionale National Geoportal• Many other initiatives are there and need to be taken into

account in order to have the system work• Modifications are needed also for the National Geoportal


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Organisational model

• Competent authority: Ministry for Environment• National Council for spatial and environmental

information– Representatives of all relevant administrations

• Official mapping agencies • Ministries• Regions• Union of Italian provinces (UPI)• National Association of Italian Municipalities (ANCI)

– Technical Sessions


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INSPIRE as a way of thinking

• INSPIRE is not a legislative act nor a research programme

• INSPIRE should be a state of mind– User needs (but who are the users)– Every day working needs– Not to be seeen as an obligation to give data to EC


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Environmental policies: EIA and SEA

• 6th Environmental Action Plan– Full and effective use and implementation of Environmental

Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Impact Assessment(SEA)

• EC EIA Report (2009): problems in quality due to data• Problems in accessing existing data (70%)• Difficulties in finding available data (56%)• Lack of data availability (51%)• Incompatibility of datasets coming form different sources (47%)• Low quality of existing data (47%)• High costs of existing data (44%)• Lack of significant data in existing datasets (44%)

• EIA and SEA most demanding EU environmental policies in terms of spatial data (INSPIRE)

• EIA regards projects• SEA regards plans and programmes


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Environmental Impact Assessment

• INSPIRE goals completely in line with EIA needsBUT

• “INSPIRE datasets” are not sufficient for an impact assessment– Need for more local data but in line with the INSPIRE

specifications

• DIVA project (2008-2009)from the Ministry for Environment and Land and Sea protecion


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Data and Information for Environmental AssessmentsObjectives

• A proper baseline for environmental planning, verification and monitoring in the areas of interest

• Spatial and environmental common basis for all activities, intended for institutional and private purposes, with the aim offacilitating environmental analysis, verification procedures, and the subsequent monitoring segment

• To share, in transparent manner, with private and public stakeholders, certified information needed for environmentalimpact studies

• Use of the INSPIRE infrastructure, tools and rules in order to share information avoiding duplication of systems

• To guarantee that environmental information are organised in such a way that they can be used by different final users at different operational levels


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Methodology

• Data and Tools for the environmental analysis and assessments according to an integrated approach in which data feed instruments (criteria and methods) and the instruments give as output data that implement the knowledge heritage

• Needs for the activities of analysis and preparation of environmental reports within EIA, SEA, and IPPC processes

– Knowledge of territory and environment– Selection of the most significant aspect

• Based on the User needs for their usual work without changing their way of working

• Create a virtuous mechanism • Important to focus the information user in order to choose the right ways

of presentation and usage– Information for the public– Information for public

administrators– Data for technicians:

• Spatial analysis• Model inputs

DATA TOOLS


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Classification

• Individuation of “themes” of interest:– Territory and human activities– Air– Water– Soil– Noise, vibrations, and radiations– Biodiversity– Cultural heritage and landscape

• Individuation of “temathic aspects” foreach theme

• EEA indicators, GEMET classification, etc• More metadata are needed


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Themes and Thematic Aspects• Territory and human

activities– Basic maps– Population and socila-economic

characteristics– Land cover and land use– Agricolture– Industry– Trasport networks– Energy– Environmental assessments

• Air– Air quality– Emissions– Meteo-climatic conditions– Climate changes

• Water – Water protection– Internal waters– Marine waters– Water resources– Waste waters


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Themes and Thematic Aspects (2)• Soil

– Hydrogeology– Geology– Earthquake risk– Vulcanic risk– Soil quality– Abstraction activities

• Noise, vibrations and radiations– Noise– Vibrations– Ionizing and non-ionizing radiations

• Biodiversity– Vegetation and flora– Fauna – Ecosistems and natural protected

areas• Cultural heritage and landscape

– Cultural heritage– Landscape


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Data selection criteria

• Availability and regular update• Coverage and validity possibly omogeneous at national level• Easy understanding and clarity of the information

• Use of methodological standards for data production, supported by clear reference to scientific methods, guide-lines, etc.

• Source attendibility• Meta-documentation


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Sharing modes• Unique Data Access Point• Catalogue with search by theme, environmental

aspects, and free search• Dedicated catalogue organised in “enviromental

baselines”• Metadata INSPIRE catalogue• WebGIS viewer• WEB services available for

commercial and open-sourceclient softwares

Web Map Service (WMS)Web Feature Service (WFS)

• File download• INSPIRE Geoportal

17


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Environmental baselines / frameworks

• Data and information gathered in the way they are needed for the analysis and assessment of the different environmental components and the potential impacts on these

• Unitary boxes, obviously not exhaustive• Progressive implementation

Environmental reference baselines

Data forthematic aspect

Thematic aspects

Data

Cata

log

ueTHEMES


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Environmental baseline - Air quality

Availabledata and

information

GIS views


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Environmental baseline - Air Quality• Qualità dell'aria – Air Quality

– Piani Regionali di Qualità dell‘Aria – BRACE - Dati e Stazioni di monitoraggio della qualità dell'aria– Qualità dell’aria ambiente - Questionari CE 2007 (ozono, NO2,

NOx, PM10, piombo, benzene, monossido di carbonio) – Situazioni di superamento del valore limite giornaliero e annuale

di concentrazione di PM10 registrate nel periodo 2005-2007– Procedura di infrazione 2008/2194 ex art. 226 del Trattato CE:

concentrazione di PM10• Emissioni in atmosfera – Emissions in athmosphere

– Registro INES/PRTR– Emissioni in atmosfera dei grandi impianti di combustione (LCP) – Inventari nazionale 2007 e regionale/provinciale 2005 delle

emissioni– Inventario emissioni gas-serra– Banca dati dei fattori di emissione medi per parco circolante

• Caratteristiche meteoclimatiche – Meteoclimaticcharacteristics– Stazioni di rilevamento dei dati meteorologici in Italia - WMO– Stazioni della rete Agrometeorologica Nazionale UCEA-RAN– Dati meteoclimatici- AM– Atlante eolico nazionale


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Environmental baseline - Air Quality (2)

• Qualità dell'Aria, Caratteristiche meteoclimatiche, Emissioni in atmosfera – Air Quality Model– MINNI (Modello Integrato Nazionale a supporto della Negoziazione

Internazionale sui temi dell’inquinamento atmosferico)• Carte di base - Orthoimagery

– Ortofoto a colori • Uso del suolo – Land use and land cover• Popolazione e caratteristiche socio-economiche

– Popolazione– Imprese su base provinciale per settori

• Trasporti – Transport network– Infrastrutture stradali e flussi di traffico– Infrastrutture portuali con flussi 2008– Infrastrutture aeroportuali con flussi 2008

• Valutazioni ambientali – Environmental assessments– Piani e programmi sottoposti a VAS statale– Opere sottoposte a Procedura di VIA e VIA Speciale statale– Impianti sottoposti a Procedura di AIA statale


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Web GIS views – Air Quality

Meteo network

Air quality plans


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Use of datasets for EIA

• View is a first step but not enough• Use of datasets in open-source or commercial

software for the design and assessment necessities


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Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

• Differences from EIA– Private proponents versus public administrations– Local versus more global scale

• Analogies– Same environmental components to be studied– Potential impacts– Cumulative effects– Public partecipation

• Data from SEA should be subsequently used byEIA

• Experiences:– National Plan of National Electric Line Development– Municipality activities


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National Plan of National Electric Line DevelopmentSEA Process

• I phase – Strategic or Macro– Macroalternatives; strategic options

• II phase – Structural or Meso– Territorial analysis– Classification of areas and elements

• Esclusion (E)• Repulsion (R)• Attraction (A)

• III phase – Actuative or Micro– Definition of feasibility strips

a

b=60%a


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Information needed

• Administrative limits• Geomophology• Hydrography• Hydrogeology• Hydrogeological risk areas• Land use• Flora and fauna distributions• Protected areas• Area with landscape-environmental

and archeological-cultural restrictions• Infrastructures• …..


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SEA at municipality level

• First experience for a industrial remediation planwhich included projects for improvement of the small industrial town


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Water quality

• Among the different environmental components GIS application has focused on the analysis of the water environment– Superficial waters– Ground waters– Marine water

• The instrument has shown to be useful to descrive actual situation and impacts to administrations, politicians and citizens


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Small municipalities

• Projects developed by the Directorate for Environmental Safety (DSA) of the Ministry for Environment and Land and Sea Protection in agreement with ANCI– Technical courses for local technicians– Support for preparation of data-set and GIS projects on

environmental topics with local interest• Renewable energy• Noise mapping• Planning• Waste management• Integration with regional GIS

– Support for web publication


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Process

• Each municipality prepares its own project according to their real necessities:– Views– Metadata for project and layers

• “Central” office elaborate on that:– check the technical consistency– Transform the “client” project in web service (view, WMS,

WFS) – Extract layer and make them available in metadata

catalogue – Problems:

• Useless Layers• Metadata contents• Layer styles• View significacy


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Layer metadata


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SEA at municipality level


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Lessons learnt

• Experience at municipality level shows that– There is a strong need for information from upstream

administrative level– If the message is given and with some help, municipalities

can share their information through “web” services– No expensive tools are needed at local level– Strong coordination and “standardization” is needed– Municipalities are a real precious source of information

• The Italian situation:– 8103 municipalties– > 70% has less than 5.000 inhabitants– > 95% has less than 15.000 inhabitants


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Conclusions

• Environmental policies demand for well based knowledge

• To share information will improve quality and time saving

• Experience has confirmed previously detected needs:– A strong demand for certainties from the private sector – Necessity of simple instrument and education at different

level of public administration

• The idea of sharing is clear for operative technicians but it has to be fostered at the political level

• Advantages are for allall not for somesome

New perspectives in INSPIRE application for environmental protection in Italy Italian INSPIRE legislationNational infrastructureMetadata: repository and contentsMetadata rules Re-use of existing infrastructures Organisational modelINSPIRE as a way of thinkingEnvironmental policies: EIA and SEAEnvironmental Impact AssessmentData and Information for Environmental Assessments�ObjectivesMethodologyClassificationThemes and Thematic Aspects Themes and Thematic Aspects (2)Data selection criteriaSharing modesEnvironmental baselines / frameworksEnvironmental baseline - Air quality Environmental baseline - Air QualityEnvironmental baseline - Air Quality (2)Web GIS views – Air QualityUse of datasets for EIAStrategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)National Plan of National Electric Line Development �SEA ProcessInformation neededSEA at municipality levelWater qualitySmall municipalitiesProcessLayer metadataSEA at municipality levelLessons learntConclusions

new perspectives in inspire application for environmental ......new perspectives in inspire...

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