new human computer interfaces amnon dekel huji – cse, spring 2007 class 2 march 7 2007

New Human Computer Interfaces

Amnon DekelHUJI – CSE, Spring 2007

Class 2March 7 2007

New Human Computer Interfaces - HUJI - Spring 2007 2

On the Menu

• Homework review

• The Technology behind NewChi– Sensors – Actuators – Microcontrollers – Various Data Processing Methods

• Workshop: Planning a simple Tangible Interface


Homework Review

• Internet research: – Search for a good example of each one of the

above New CHI forms (Tangible, Ambient, Multimodal). • See the Course site Topics page to start

– Create a Personal Wiki page in which you write one paragraph for each example:

• Description + Link• What I think it interesting and good about it• Add a link to your page to the NewCHI Wiki Home

Page

http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~amnoid/newchi/topics.html


Homework Review

• Internet research: – Lets take a look


Homework Review

• Any thoughts about what is being explored in the field today?

• Any thoughts about the future of the field?

The Technology behind NewChi



• Sensors

• Actuators

• Microcontrollers

• Various Data Processing Methods



• Sensors – What is a sensor?

• A sensor is a physical device or biological organ that detects, or senses, a signal or physical condition and chemical compounds.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor





• Types of Sensors:– Thermal energy sensors– Electromagnetic sensors– Mechanical sensors– Chemical sensors– Optical and radiation sensors– Acoustic sensors– Biological Sensors







• Types of Sensors:– Thermal energy sensors

• temperature sensors: – thermometers, thermocouples, temperature sensitive

resistors (thermistors), bi-metal thermometers and thermostats

• heat sensors: – bolometer, calorimeter







• Types of Sensors:– Electromagnetic sensors

• electrical resistance sensors: – ohmmeter, multimeter

• electrical current sensors: – galvanometer, ammeter

• electrical voltage sensors: – leaf electroscope, voltmeter

• electrical power sensors: – watt-hour meters

• magnetism sensors: – magnetic compass, fluxgate compass, magnetometer, Hall

effect device







• Types of Sensors:– Mechanical sensors

• pressure sensors: – altimeter, barometer, barograph, pressure gauge, air speed

indicator, rate of climb indicator, variometer

• gas and liquid flow sensors: – flow sensor, anemometer, flow meter, gas meter, water meter,

mass flow sensor

• mechanical sensors: – acceleration sensor, position sensor, selsyn, switch, strain

gauge







• Types of Sensors:– Chemical sensors

• Chemical sensors detect the presence of specific chemicals or classes of chemicals. Examples include

– oxygen sensors, also known as lambda sensors, – ion-selective electrodes, – pH glass electrodes, – redox electrodes.







• Types of Sensors:– Optical and radiation sensors

• radiation sensors: – Geiger counter, dosimeter, Scintillation_counter

• subatomic particle sensors: – scintillometer, cloud chamber, bubble chamber

• light sensors, or photodetectors• proximity sensor• scanning laser• interferometry.







• Types of Sensors:– Acoustic sensors

• sound sensors: – Microphones– Hydrophones– Seismometers.







• Types of Sensors:– Biological sensors

• All living organisms contain biological sensors with functions similar to those of the mechanical devices described.







• What makes a Good Sensor?– the sensor should be sensitive to the

measured property – the sensor should be insensitive to any

other property – the sensor should not influence the

measured property

– In the ideal situation, the output signal of a sensor is exactly proportional to the value of the measured property.



• Sensors: What sensors will you be using?– The 2 most basic ones:

• Switches (digital input)

• Photo-Resistors (analog input)

– And any others you find that you need…



• Sensors: More information– Wikipedia– Sensor WIKI (musical instruments)

– SensEdu– ITP Sensor Workshop Reports


http://sensorwiki.org/index.php/Main_Page

http://www.sensedu.com/

http://itp.nyu.edu/physcomp/sensors/Reports/Reports



• Actuators– What are actuators?

• An actuator is the mechanism by which an agent acts upon an environment.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuators





• Actuators– What are actuators?

• actuators are a subdivision of transducers. – They are devices which transform an input signal (mainly

an electrical signal) into motion.






• Actuators– Types of Actuators

•Electrical motors •Pneumatic actuators •Hydraulic pistons•Relays •Comb drives

•Piezoelectric actuators •Thermal bimorphs •Digital Micro-mirror Devices •Electro-active polymers •Etc






• Microcontrollers– What is a MC?

• A microcontroller (MCU) is a computer-on-a-chip used to control electronic devices.

• It is a type of microprocessor emphasizing self-sufficiency and cost-effectiveness, in contrast to a general-purpose microprocessor, the kind used in a PC.

• A typical microcontroller contains all the memory, peripherals and input/output interfaces needed, whereas a general purpose microprocessor requires additional chips to provide these functions.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/microcnotrollers

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devices

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output





• Microcontrollers– How do you compare MCs?

• Speed• I/O Ports (digital, analog)• AD converters• Communications / networking• Compilers / Translators• Debuggers• Programmers• Power Consumption• etc






• Microcontrollers– What can they do?

• Open and Close Circuits• Execute Algorithms• Computation• Communication & Networking

• All within their specific limitations (memory, Speed, Power consumptions, etc)




• Microcontrollers– What will we be using?

• The Arduino (Open Source Hardware)

• Atmel ATmega8/168 Based MCU• Built in Digital/Analog Pins and Circuits• Programmed in Wiring (built on Processing) –

a JAVA based language


http://processing.org/faq.html#opensource

http://www.arduino.cc/



The Arduino



• Microcontrollers– More Information:

• Wikipedia• Introduction to MC’s• Nabble Forums• Embedded Systems forums• Microcontroller.com


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcontrollers





• Data Processing Methods (briefly)– Image Processing

• Location• Motion• Direction

– Sound Processing• Voice Recognition• Amplitude recognition• Location

Class Workshop

Planning a Simple Tangible Interface


Class Workshop 1

• Introduction and Goals

• Group Work

• Presentations and Discussion


Class Workshop 1

• Goals– A small project to get you acquainted with

designing and implementing a tangible UI prototype.


Class Workshop 1

• Example: A smart door mat– Counts how many times it has been stepped

on– Can react to being stepped on (i.e. Turning

the light on, opening the door, etc)– Can tell us how many times it has been

stepped on – etc


Class Workshop 1

• Example: A smart door mat– What do we need to make it?

• Physical parts• Programming• Interaction / Interface design


Class Workshop 1

• Group Work– Break up into groups of 2– Decide on an Tangible Interface (20 minutes)

• Input• Processing• Output

– Plan the basic system architecture to make it happen (20 minutes)

– Prepare a short presentation (2-3 minutes)


Class Workshop 1

• Presentations and Discussion– Each group presents their idea and system

architecture– Class Discussion


Home Work

• Formalize the project: Project Folio– Description and architecture– Part Needed: Research the parts you will need to make it

happen– Psuedocode

• Create a Project WIKI page with the Project Folio• Read the following:

– http://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage– Arduino booklet pp 8-16

Come ready to next class we will start running with a

technology Workshop- so read ahead of time!

new human computer interfaces amnon dekel huji – cse, spring 2007 class 2 march 7 2007

Documents

newchi types of sensors

newchi slide

liquid flow sensors

thermostats heat sensors

orgwikisensor slide

looklook slide

newchi wiki home page

new chi forms tangible