new homogeneous catalysts for the production of acrylamide
TRANSCRIPT
New Homogeneous Catalysts for the Production of AcrylamideToshiyuki Oshiki, Ph.D.Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
Annually, more than 500,000 tons of acrylamide are commercially produced by the catalytic hydration of acrylonitrile.
Acrylamide (polyacrylamide) is used in coagulators for waste water, additives for paper treatment, and enhanced oil
recovery (EOR) agents.
Homogeneous catalysis has some advantages than biocatalysis in principle. Especially, “zero waste water” is
characteristic feature of homogeneous catalysis.
Many homogeneous catalysts have been developed to date; however, except for Parkins’ platinum catalyst, the
activity of these catalysts for production of acrylamide is quite low. (ref. Ghaffar, T.; Parkins, A. W. Tetrahedron Lett.
1995, 36, 8657.)
The reaction proceeds with a minimum amount of water. The molar ratio of acrylonitrile to water is 1:1.
The catalytic activity of these catalysts is comparable that reported by Parkins.
The acrylamide obtained has a purity of >99%.
The reaction can proceed at any temperature from room temperature to 150 ˚C. The catalysts are thermally stable.
The catalysts are also effective for hydration of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles.
The catalysts also work for the hydration of polyacrylonitrile.
Mototaka Senda, Ph.D., US & EU Representative of Intellectual Property Office, Okayama University，2450 Peralta Blvd. #119, Fremont, CA 94536, USAMobile: 1.510.396.2031 Email: [email protected]
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What is acrylamide ?
Why do we develop new homogeneous catalysis for acrylamide ?
Biocatalysis Chemocatalysis(New Homogeneous Catalysis)
Concentration of Acrylamide △ very low to 50 % ◎ up to 100 %
Effects of Heating × does not improve reactivity/productivity ◎ improves reactivity/productivity
Waste Water × necessary to keep activity of biocatalyst ◎ minimum amount of water
Availability of Catalyst △ cultured in pure water ◎ onsite production
New homogeneous catalysts for acrylamide !
Acrylamide is used in the maintenance of aquatic environments.
New ruthenium complexes act as a
catalyst for hydration of acrylonitrile under
neutral conditions.
The complexes can be prepared easily.