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The article reveals the concept of Crowdsourcing, the brief history of the origin and link to the existing Russian and foreign projects and Internet resources where people can solve various problems by Crowdsourcing. It considers the process of Crowdsourcing on example of the improvement of the territory the Amur Boulevard of Khabarovsk. The article indicates participants of the process: the customer, performers and interested residents of the city, how they influencing decisions and what functions they carry. Tasks that the customer puts before performers and ideas which want to see inhabitants. As well to the process involved not only the inhabitants of the city, but also people from all over the country and world.

Keywords: urban environment, landscaping, Crowdsourcing.

Koo Young-Min, Ha Tae-Youngpulge@naver.com

INHA Univ, Incheon, South of Korea

NEW GENERATION-SQUAREA DESIGN PROPOSAL OF A COMMERCIAL MULTIPLEX

ON GUANGBOK-RO 2GA IN BUSAN, KOREA

Abstract - Commerce is not just trading of goods but a foundation for social, psychological, communicational activities of human being. It has provoked special design in both architecture and urbanism to satisfy the demand of each period throughout history. Even though it is such a complex and rich subject, however, all the substance of trading activities are reduced to a market place where sale and consumption are focused. What this study aims at is, therefore, revitalizing today’s functional and deteriorated market place to promote urban regeneration. This study intends to understand commercial space or zone as a new urban public space, to integrate urban entertainment activities with the commercial facilities, and to signify new role of commerce in the urban space. The study selects a real site to design a commercial complex. During the design, strategical points are to be discussed and urban public space is reinterpreted based on the strategical points. The purpose of the study is to define the role of the new commercial complex as a device to regenerate the ‘gap’ produced by the growth of modern city.

Keyword: commercial, consumption form, placeness, historic, urban regeneration

1. Introduction1.1 Background and PurposeAs a socio-economic phenomenon referring to economic cycle of production,

distribution, and consumption, trading, in a wider application of commerce, is one of the most fundamental human activities that has framed an urban community throughout history. Bernd Hallier and Hans-Jorg Bauer once asserted in their book,「The History

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of commerce」, the development of commerce cannot be separated from the history of man. Commerce is not just trading of goods but human’s basic activities including social, psychological, communicational desires. It is accordingly not exaggerated to say that the city was born with people’s settlement and has become the preferential place for exchange and trade. A rapid modernization and urbanization since industrial Revolution, however, has made a complex and rich substance of trading activities reduced to a market function that only focuses sale and purchase. All the meaningful communication in trading has been gradually disappeared and replaced only by visual satisfaction on the goods during 19th and 20th century. Consuming culture has been dominated by such visual exchanges especially since post war period when mass production and consumption was on track.

Visual consumption has made its architectural signification through shopping mall in the late 20th century. As a new type of space Integrated the ‘consumption’ with ‘leisure’, which promotes symbolic and cultural communication only through an exchange of glances, shopping mall can be thought of as a new market system that, in spite of an absence of actual purchase behavior, reflects the original meaning of commercial trade. The thesis intends, instead of space that is merely consumed, to propose a complex commercial space in which another form of trade is occurred not only through consumers’ purchase behavior, but also through their encounter.

1.2 Scope and MethodRecognizing that architectural environment has not really responded to the change

of consuming trend, the study attempts to investigate the various elements that has created the change of consuming trend, to organize the changes in the form of architecture, and to represent them from the view point of placeness. The main argument is focused on how the consuming culture and behavior

responds to the social change, how the information delivery system develops the significant consuming nature in the current society, and what kinds of devices and phenomena promotes such changes. The study furthers to investigate any possible ways to graft the characteristics of consumers’ place upon architectural design.

Figure 1. Site scope: Guangbok-ro 2, Guangbok Dong, Jung Gu, Busan

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2. Theorical and Conceptual Consideration2.1 U.E.C(Urban Entertainment Center)UEC(Urban Entertainment Center) can be defined as any attractive entertainment

facility that combines shopping and recreation with entertainment in order to form an overall experience for consumers. For instance, retail needs entertainment to draw people in, while entertainment needs retail to support the overall operation. The goal of UEC for a city or developer is, perhaps, to create tax revenue, or to sell food, or merchandise, while at the same time, the overriding concept for the visitors is to provide fun. In the UEC, entertainment is the draw and a large part of what creates the unique experiences of the complex. In general, UEC provides Entertainment, Dining, Retail in a complex manner, with which the complex is differentiated from other commercial facilities of fundamental uniformity to attract consumers from various duplicated trade area.

2.2 Evolution of consuming patternsThe city, born with people’s settlement, has become the preferential place for

exchange and trade, and developed in the form of market. In modern times, the commercial space was considered to be a specialized small space only for sales and purchase for its social significance not to be very much recognized. What has generated the current market trends is: an improvement in social division of labor and the growth of production that has activated the trade; the development of traffic system that has touched off a logistics economic boom. And what was the main core of the changes is the department store; that is, historically speaking, a street arcade internalized and commercially layered. As the volume of merchandise the department store handled is increased, the consumers have had a new shopping culture encouraging not only to purchase particular goods immediately but also to make impulse buy during their strolling inside. Since shopping behavior in today’s department store Differentiated from previous one, caused the change of consuming space into leisure space, the contemporary commercial space has been developed in two directions: that is, the economic and the amusement. Consuming space in the economic aspect includes such stores that helps time and price -saving as a convenience store and outlets, large discount stores and wholesale club. On the other hand, space pursuing amusement includes shopping center, gigantic mall, and specialty shops, which attempt to add the cultural-educational functions in order to maintain sustainable consumption and to maximize the space-effect.

2.3 Pseudo-public spaceAlthough not public space in traditional sense, viewed from the point of its practical

use and functions, contemporary commercial space, with strengthening public nature, has become more cultural complex than a mere sales place. In addition, the commercial space, due to commercialization of space by private investment on urban space, obtains the nature of liminal space in which the public and the private are not to be clarified.

3. Site Reading3.1 Urban ConditionGwangbok-ro 2ga of the Central district has been historically one of the main

commercial cores in Busan since 1958. As Busan International Film Festival has been held in this area since 1996, in particular, many first-run film theaters are concentrated and opened around the site area with shopping and amusement facilities to construct a cultural complex and secure young people and to revitalize the local market. Many commercial projects have been already progressed under the guise of Nam-Po Dong

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Market development. However, all the development ventures have been executed based on capitalist-style economic logic to produce many buildings for piecemeal and unreciprocated commercial activities to occur.

3.2 Local conditionA 14-story-department store and a 111 story complex tower under construction

across the target area physically as well as programmatically tip the regional balance in which the average height of neighboring buildings centering around the Nam-Po metro station is maintained in 18 meters(4~5 stories); the height control is disturbed and commercial supremacy is gained by the department store and the multiplex tower. The new building is, therefore, to be allocated at the entrance of Guang Bokro in order to maintain the regional color as well as to ease off the skyline.

3.3 HistoryTarget area was an entrance of the old historic place

to be transformed into a modern city and become the center and commercial core of Busan. Now, this area has functioned as CBD centering around the Central street. Even though the site area had been known to be historical core of Busan, due to narrow streets and deteriorated tall buildings, the area became backward to lose the symbolic identity as a landmark of historical entrance.

Figure 2. Hall for foreigner pictue : historical commercial place

4. Space ProgramThe space is programmed based on the Multi-plex

concept by which all the floors are categorized into either the main tenant or anchor facilities. The entertainment facilities are also divided into two: purposive and impulsive entertainments. The former is, as what entertainment is combined with commercial effectiveness, the most important tenant in commercial facilities which attracts patrons with restaurant and shopping place to gain synergy effect. And the latter is an element to draw attention of visitors, the non-consumer in particular, for promoting impulse buy. by stimulating the urge psychology can be background. The main core of all the activities and movement is the central atrium.

Figure 3. Atrium

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5. Design Strategy5.1 Void _AtriumAtrium becomes a central void to act as a main core to allow visual and movement

link throughout the space.5.2 Flexible PlanThe major plan consists of two types: A and B. A type includes Anchor facilities

while B type arranges small size sale facilities. A flexible layout is allowed by complex and diverse arrangements.

5.3 Porous FacadeInterweaving the concept and the phenomenological reaction, the elevation and

section creates endless interrelationship of space. So, the specific architectural space formed through diverse intervention of time and space can become a place for daily life.

6. Design6.1 Design process

Figure 4. Process depending on circumstance

6.2 Design results

А-type

B-type

Figure 5. Flexible plan

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Figure 6. Elevation

Figure 7. Section

Figure 8. Model

6. ConclusionThis study discussed and attempted to realize a more sophisticated consuming

culture and society. Differentiating from existing studies on commercial complex, the study mainly argued the way to integrate the commercial facilities with city history and the sense of place. The study also put an emphasis on the nature of trading to view commerce as one of the oldest cultural and communicational medium and to create a new sense of public realm through a so called multiplex program. The future study is to be continued to develop a unique complex where original urbanism is to be discovered through human activities that link the old and the new.

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Bibliography:1. Kooyoungmin, Parkjoonho, Jahnjinsam, IMABEABLE PLATE-AU,

Spacetime, 20072. Kooyoung min, Dialog in-between, Spacetime, 20093. Junglim Architecture, Design book about Timesquare in Yeongdeungpo, 18p4. Bernd Hallier and Hans-Jorg Bauer, The History of commerce, 19995. Lee hyangryeon, study on the expression of phenomenological space in Steven

Holl’s ‘PARALLAX’6. Moonjaewon, Formation and multiplicity of time-space in Busan, 20137. Kimhyojin, Design Proposal for New Commercial Space Corresponding, 2008

Ку Ян Мин, Ха Тэ-Янpulge@naver.com

ИНХА, Инчон, Южная Корея

НОВОЕ ПОКОЛЕНИЕ ПЛОЩАДЕЙ. ПРЕДПОЛАГАЕМЫЙ ПРОЕКТ МУЛЬТИПЛЕКСА НА ГУАНБОК-РО 2ГА, ПУСАН, КОРЕЯ

Абстракт - Торговля подразумевает не только продажу товаров, но так же является социально-психологической основой методического руководства деятель-ности человека. Это спровоцировало своеобразный дизайн как в архитектуре, так и в благоустройстве территории для удовлетворения спроса на каждый период, на протяжении всей истории. Даже, несмотря на то, что это такой богатый предмет, как-никак, все сущности торговой деятельности снизились на рынке продаж и по-требления. Эти исследования направлены на активизации деятельности современ-ных функциональных и ухудшенных рынков в целях восстановления городских районов. Данная работа намерена понять коммерческую зону в качестве нового го-родского общественного пространства, для интеграции городских развлекательных мероприятий с коммерческими объектами, и для обозначения новой роли торговли в городском пространстве. В исследовании выбирается место для разработки ком-мерческого комплекса. В ходе проектирования, стратегические цели должны об-суждаться, а городское общественное пространство интерпретироваться на основе стратегических точек. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы определить роль нового стратегического комплекса, как устройства для регенерации «разрыва» на эффективности современного города.

Ключевые слова: коммерческий, форма потребления, исторический, город-ская регенерация.