NEW ENGLAND COLONIESChapter 3 Lesson 2

NOTES

On your Chapter 3 Notes paper- Only write what is in RED.

SEEKING RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

The Jamestown settlers had come to America in search of wealth- the next wave of colonists came in search of freedom.

England has been Protestant since 1534, when King Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and formed the Anglican Church. Many people were unhappy and dissented (disagreed) with Anglican beliefs and wanted to remain Catholic.

Some wanted to reform the Anglican Church- these people were known as Separatists. Separatists were persecuted (mistreated) because of their beliefs so in 1620 they decided to move to America and became known as the Pilgrims.

SHMOOP!

SEPARATISTS

*Separatists were Protestants who wanted to reform the Anglican Church but instead established their

own.

*Separatists were the second successful colony-

came for religious freedom.

PILGRIMS SETTLE PLYMOUTH

A pilgrim is someone who takes a religious journey. The pilgrims were not able to get land grants from the Virginia Company like the others, but they did get permission to settle in Virginia to practice religion freely, so they rode the Mayflower ship to Cape Cod Bay (near Plymouth).

While on the boat, the Pilgrims signed the *Mayflower Compact, a pledge to obey the

laws of the colony. The Mayflower Compact was a key development in the steps towards a representative

and democratic government in America.

NATIVE AMERICAN HELP

During their first winter, almost half of the Pilgrims died from illness, hunger, and cold. In the spring, two Native Americans, Squanto and Samoset, helped the colonists.

*The Native Americans provided the colonists with knowledge of the land.

They taught the colonists how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins. They also showed them how to hunt and fish. Without their help, the Pilgrims would not have survived.

Squanto and Samoset also has helped the Pilgrims make peace with the Wampanoag people who lived in the area. They lived in peace for some time and had their first Thanksgiving in 1621.

MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY

Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded in 1629 by Puritans who received a royal charter to establish a colony north of Plymouth. John Winthrop was chosen to be governor; he led 900 men, women, and children to Massachusetts Bay. Most of them settled in Boston. The next year more than 15,000 Puritans went to Massachusetts for religious freedom; this movement became known as the Great Migration. Winthrop and his assistants made the colonies laws at first. In 1634 settlers demanded a larger role in government. Adult male church members were allowed to vote for governor and representatives (later land owners was added to the list)

Although the Puritans came to America for freedom of religion, they had little tolerance (ability to accept others beliefs) for different beliefs. They criticized others who did not share the same beliefs. They strictly enforced their own religious rules.

CONNECTICUT

Thomas Hooker did not like how Winthrop and other Puritan leaders ran the colony so in 1636 he led followers to the

Connecticut River Valley (west of Boston) to where he found the town of Hartford.

Three years later these towns formed a colony called Connecticut and established laws.

*Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was the 1st written constitution in America.

** Similar to Mayflower Compact (reflected democratic principals) which was written on the boat. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was written on American land.

RHODE ISLAND

Roger Williams founded Rhode Island because he felt that government should not force people to worship in a certain way. He also believed it was wrong for settlers to take land away from Native

Americans. He was forced by Massachusetts leaders to leave the colony and found refuge with the Narragansett (Native Americans).

They later sold him land which he named Providence. Rhode Island became a place where dissenters could truly worship freely.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

In 1638, John Wheelwright led a group of dissidents away from Massachusetts and founded New Hampshire. New Hampshire

became independent in 1679.

Assignment: New England ColoniesUse pages 70-74 to create a brochure on the three main colonies in New England-

Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Answer the questions Who, What, When, Where, and Why for each colony.

[Who established the colony, What colony was established, When did they establish the colony, Where did they establish the colony, and Why did they establish the colony].

Draw a PICTURE for EACH.

EXTRA CREDIT:Create a map of the New England colonies (pg.73) illustrating the

products of each colony. Use different colors and proper labeling for each.

Draw the map on the back.

Massachusetts Bay Connecticut Rhode Island