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© OECD/IEA 2014 © OECD/IEA 2014 New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective Didier Houssin Director, Sustainable Energy Policy and Technology Directorate UNESCO Paris, 19 March 2015

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Page 1: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014© OECD/IEA 2014

New energy and climate change:  The IEA perspective

Didier HoussinDirector, Sustainable Energy Policy and Technology Directorate

UNESCOParis, 19 March 2015

Page 2: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

The 3 ‘E’s of Sound Energy Policy

Energy security Economic growth  Environmental sustainability

And a fourth ‘E’ Engagement worldwide 

Page 3: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Carbon Intensity of supply is stuck

The political will to make meaningful progress at a global scale has yet to be demonstrated

Page 4: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

A transformation is needed…

..and we have the tools to develop a strategy and be proactive

Page 5: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Investment in our future pays off…

…and it is cost effective to make the transition

Page 6: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

We are not on track

Renewable power   

Smart grids   

Gas‐fired power   

Nuclear power   

Coal‐fired power    

Carbon capture and storage   

Industry

Biofuels

Buildings   

Transport  

Electric and Hybrid electric vehicles   

Co‐generation and district heating and cooling   

Page 7: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Renewable electricity projected to scale up by 45% from 2013 to 2020

Strong momentum for renewable electricity

Global renewable electricity production, historical and projected

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

5001 0001 5002 0002 5003 0003 5004 0004 5005 0005 5006 0006 5007 0007 500

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

TWh

Hydropower Bioenergy Onshore windOffshore wind Solar PV GeothermalSTE/CSP Ocean % total generation (right axis)

Historical data and estimates Forecast

Natural gas 2013Nuclear 2013

Page 8: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

60 $/MWh

Increasing examples ofcost competitive wind and PV

Transition to new cost competitive era for renewables where good resource and appropriate policy and regulatory framework are in place

Onshore wind

SA76 $/MWh

US48 $/MWh

China80 - 100 $/MWh

Brazil54 $/MWh

Turkey73 $/MWh

Germany67-100 $/MWh

Ireland69

$/MWh

Australia65 $/MWh

India88 $/MWh

Chile89 $/MWh85 $/MWh

US~75 $/MWh

Utility PV

SA76 $/MWh

Brazil81 $/MWh

Dubai60

$/MWh

Page 9: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Electricity dominates the energy system

The 2DS pathway disconnects primary energy  usedin generation from emissions

20112050 2DS

Page 10: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Decarbonize the Power Sector

Unabated coal use in electricity generationis incompatible with 2DS objectives

Page 11: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Electricity Generation: a share reversal

Generation today:• Fossil fuels: 68%• Renewables: 20%

Generation 2DS 2050: Renewables:  65% Fossil fuels: 20%

Page 12: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Understanding the regional context in the 2DS

Differences in growth of electricity demand and sectoraldistribution require targeted systems development plans

All regions show high growth in VRE deployment

Page 13: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Energy poverty remains widespread

24

3

68

695

818

446

605

Latin America

Sub-Saharan Africa

China

India

Rest ofdeveloping Asia

306

306

599

Million people without electricity

Million people without clean cooking facilities

This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.

Number of people without modern energy access by selected region, 2011

Nearly 1.3 billion people without electricity and 2.6 billion without clean cooking facilities 

199

Middle East

Page 14: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Sub‐Saharan Africa : rich in resources… 

In the last 5 years, almost 30% of global oil and gas discoveries were in sub‐Saharan Africa;the region has vast untapped renewables potential, notably hydropower and solar 

Source: World Energy Outlook Special Report: Africa Energy Outlook, 2014

Hydro

WindOil

Oil

Oil

OilGas

Gas

Oil

Coal

Gas

Fossil fuels

Solar

Page 15: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

In sub‐Saharan Africa, 620 million people – two‐thirds of the population – live without electricity. Only a handful of countries have electrification rates above 50%

Less than 50%More than 50%

Share of population withaccess to electricity:

… but poor in supply

Source: World Energy Outlook Special Report: Africa Energy Outlook, 2014

Page 16: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Seize the benefits of immediate action to bend the global emissions curve

Focus on electricity decarbonisation

Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies

Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy sector decarbonisation

Strengthen the resilience of the energy sector to climate change

IEA messages for COP 20 in Lima

Page 17: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Short‐term actions, led by energy efficiency, can keep the 2oC goal within reach.

Seize the benefits of immediate action to bend the global emissions curve

GDP‐neutral set of pre‐2020 actions

• Heating and cooling in buildings

• Appliances and lighting

• Industrial motors

• Vehicle fuel economy standards

Source: World Energy Outlook Special Report: Redrawing the Energy-Climate Map, 2013

Page 18: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

ETP 2015: Mobilising Innovation to Accelerate Climate Action

• Innovation as an engine for energy system transformation

• Mainstreaming variable renewables in power systems and markets

• CCS: Building on early opportunities• Global innovation for more sustainable industry

• Low‐carbon innovation in emerging economies

• Energy technology innovation in China

Page 19: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Understanding innovation

Innovation is iterative, interactive and involves a range ofstakeholders from research – to deployment 

Page 20: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Systems thinking and integration

Today’s energy system paradigm is based on a unidirectional energy delivery philosophy

Page 21: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2014

Systems thinking and integration

Today’s energy system paradigm is based on a unidirectional energy delivery philosophy

A sustainable electricity system is a smarter, multidirectional and integrated energy system that requires long‐term planning for services delivery 

Page 22: New energy and climate change: The IEA perspective · Reshape investment and accelerate innovation now in low‐carbon technologies Mobilise non‐climate goals to promote energy

© OECD/IEA 2015

Thank you