New Empires in the AmericasNew Empires in the Americas

F.O.A. (Bellwork)F.O.A. (Bellwork)

Who was Johannes Gutenberg?Who was Johannes Gutenberg? What does Renaissance mean?What does Renaissance mean? Which class was underneath the king?Which class was underneath the king? Which class was next?Which class was next? Which class was at the bottom?Which class was at the bottom?

Reminder

Test on Thursday will cover American Indians, Friday’s powerpoint and explorers

F.O.A. (Bellwork)F.O.A. (Bellwork)

1) He invented the printing press1) He invented the printing press 2) Affected art, literature, politics, and 2) Affected art, literature, politics, and

sciencescience 3) Nobles3) Nobles 4) Knights (Vassals)4) Knights (Vassals) 5) Peasants (Serfs)5) Peasants (Serfs)

F.O.A. Question 1F.O.A. Question 1

You are sailing and land at a place that you You are sailing and land at a place that you know has never been found by your people. know has never been found by your people. What are some of the first things you would What are some of the first things you would do?do?

You discover that there are native people in You discover that there are native people in that land, and they begin constantly that land, and they begin constantly attacking you. How would you respond?attacking you. How would you respond?

VikingsVikings

First Europeans to make contact with NAFirst Europeans to make contact with NA– Great shipbuilders and sailorsGreat shipbuilders and sailors

Settled first in Iceland (870), then Greenland Settled first in Iceland (870), then Greenland (1000)(1000)– Erik the RedErik the Red

Leif ErikssonLeif Eriksson sails further west to Canada sails further west to Canada and possibly to New Englandand possibly to New England

Attacks and distance from home forced Attacks and distance from home forced them to return home quicklythem to return home quickly

Question 2Question 2

What are some reasons that nations might have What are some reasons that nations might have for exploring new regions?for exploring new regions?

Henry the NavigatorHenry the Navigator of Portugal of Portugal– Founded a school of navigation and financed Founded a school of navigation and financed

explorations of West Africaexplorations of West Africa– Reasons for explorationReasons for exploration

Asian spices and goodsAsian spices and goods ReligionReligion Interest in Asian culturesInterest in Asian cultures

ALL TRADE WITH ASIA WAS BY LAND!ALL TRADE WITH ASIA WAS BY LAND!

Question 3Question 3

What are some tools that we use today that help What are some tools that we use today that help us navigate or find our way?us navigate or find our way?

Technological AdvancesTechnological Advances

AstrolabeAstrolabe– Charted the stars to help navigateCharted the stars to help navigate

New ships called New ships called caravelscaravels– Used back rudders and triangular sailsUsed back rudders and triangular sails

New Route to AsiaNew Route to Asia

Vasco Da GamaVasco Da Gama of of PortugalPortugal– Rounded the Rounded the Cape of Cape of

Good HopeGood Hope

Question 4Question 4

What might be some effects of this What might be some effects of this exploration by Portugal?exploration by Portugal?

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus

Hired by Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Hired by Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to claim territory for Spain.Isabella to claim territory for Spain.

Set out to discover a new trade route to India.Set out to discover a new trade route to India. Landed in the Caribbean; named the island San Landed in the Caribbean; named the island San

Salvador (“Holy Savior”)Salvador (“Holy Savior”)

QuestionQuestion

How do you think other European countries How do you think other European countries felt about Columbus’ discovery of the New felt about Columbus’ discovery of the New World?World?

What might they have done about it?What might they have done about it?

Portugal was very Portugal was very upset with Spain and upset with Spain and complained to the complained to the Pope.Pope.

Line of DemarcationLine of Demarcation– Portugal complained Portugal complained

that this was unfairthat this was unfair

Portugal and Spain Portugal and Spain compromisedcompromised– Treaty of TordesillasTreaty of Tordesillas

Other ExplorersOther Explorers

Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci– ““America” is named after himAmerica” is named after him

Vasco BalboaVasco Balboa– First European to see the Pacific OceanFirst European to see the Pacific Ocean

Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan– His crew was the first to His crew was the first to circumnavigatecircumnavigate the the

worldworld

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

The explorers took animals, plants, and The explorers took animals, plants, and goods back with them to Europe from their goods back with them to Europe from their tripstrips

This exchange of goods between Europe, This exchange of goods between Europe, Africa, Asia, and the New World is called the Africa, Asia, and the New World is called the Columbian Exchange.Columbian Exchange.

Goods brought to the Americas from EuropeGoods brought to the Americas from Europe– CattleCattle– Citrus fruitsCitrus fruits– GrainsGrains– HorsesHorses– SugarcaneSugarcane– DiseaseDisease

From the Americas to From the Americas to EuropeEurope– CocoaCocoa– CornCorn– PotatoesPotatoes– SquashSquash– TobaccoTobacco– TurkeysTurkeys

Assignment

Read pages 42-45 Answer Nos. 1-3 all parts Book username: rms8th Book password: rutherford