new book 10-19-12

EVeiws 8

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction1.1 About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11.2 Navigating EViews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11.2.1 Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11.2.1.1 Title Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21.2.1.2 Main Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21.2.1.3 The Work Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-41.2.1.4 Command Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-41.2.1.5 The Status Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-71.3 Additional Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

2 Main Menu2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.2 File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22.2.1 New. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22.2.1.1 Workfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32.2.1.2 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32.2.1.3 Program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-92.2.1.4 TextFile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-102.2.2 Open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112.2.2.1 EViews workfiles.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112.2.2.2 Foreign Workfiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112.2.2.3 DataBase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-112.2.2.4 Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-122.2.2.5 Program in Add-ins folder.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-122.2.2.6 Text Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132.2.3 Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132.2.4 SaveAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132.2.5 Close. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132.2.6 Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-142.2.6.1 Import from file... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-142.2.6.2 Fetch from DB... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-142.2.6.3 TSD File Import... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-162.2.6.4 DRL Basic Economics Database... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-162.2.6.5 Read... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-162.2.7 Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-172.2.7.1 Store to DB... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-172.2.7.2 TSD File Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-172.2.7.3 Write Text-Lotus-Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-172.2.8 Print. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-182.2.9 Print Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-202.2.10 Run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-222.2.11 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-242.3 Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-242.4 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-242.4.1 New Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-252.4.2 Generate Series.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-272.4.3 Manage Links and Formulae... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27

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2.4.4 Fetch from DB... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-292.4.5 Update selected from DB.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-302.4.6 Store selected DB... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-302.4.7 Copy selected... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-312.4.8 Rename selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-322.4.9 Delete selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-332.4.10 Print selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-332.5 Veiw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-342.5.1 Open Selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-342.5.2 Show. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-352.5.3 Select All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-362.5.4 Select by Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-362.5.5 Deselect All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-372.5.6 Details +/- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-372.5.7 Display Filter... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-372.5.8 Name Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-372.5.9 Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-372.5.10 Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-382.6 Proc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-402.6.1 Set Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-402.6.2 Structure/Resize Current Page... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-422.6.3 Append to Current Page... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-442.6.4 Contract to Current Page... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-452.6.5 Reshape to Current Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-462.6.5.1 Stacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-462.6.5.2 Unstacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-482.6.6 Copy/Extract Current Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-512.6.7 Sort Current Page... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-532.6.8 Copy/Extract Current Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-542.6.9 Load Workfile Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-562.6.10 Save Current Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-562.6.11 Rename Current Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-572.6.12 Delete Current Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-572.6.13 Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-572.6.14 Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-582.7 Quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-602.7.1 Sample.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-602.7.2 Generate Series.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-612.7.3 Show... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-622.7.4 Graph... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-632.7.5 Empty Group (Edit Series) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-642.7.6 Series Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-652.7.6.1 Histogram and Stats... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-662.7.6.2 Correlogram... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-662.7.6.3 Unit Root Test.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-672.7.6.4 Variance Ratio Test... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-692.7.6.5 Exponential Smoothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-722.7.6.6 Hodrick-Prescot Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73

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2.7.7 Group Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-742.7.7.1 Descriptive Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-752.7.7.2 Covariances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-752.7.7.3 Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-752.7.7.4 Cross Correlogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-752.7.7.5 Johansen Cointegration Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-762.7.7.6 Granger Causality Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-782.7.8 Estimate Equations... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-782.7.9 Estimate VAR.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-802.8 Options Add-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-822.8.1 General Options.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-822.8.2 Graphics Defaults... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-842.8.3 Database Registry... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-852.8.4 EViews Auto-Update from Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-872.9 Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-892.10 Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-902.10.1 EViews Help Topics... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90

3 Workfiles3.1 Workfile Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13.2 Workfile Button Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23.2.1 View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23.2.2 Proc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33.2.3 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53.2.4 Print. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63.2.5 Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83.2.6 Details+/-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-93.2.7 Show. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-93.2.8 Fetch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-113.2.9 Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-123.2.10 Delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-133.2.11 Genr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-143.2.12 Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-143.3 Creating a Workfile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-153.3.1 New Workfiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-153.3.2 To create a new workfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-163.3.3 Creating a Workfile by Reading from a Foreign Data Source. . . . . 3-223.3.4 Creating a Workfile from an Excel File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

4 Objects4.1 Objects Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.1.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14.1.2 Object Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24.2 Object Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-54.2.1 Equation - Workfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-54.2.1.1 View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-64.2.1.2 Proc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-74.2.1.3 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

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4.2.1.4 Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-94.2.1.5 Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-124.2.1.6 Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-144.2.1.7 Freeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-144.2.1.8 Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-144.2.1.9 Forecast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-154.2.1.10 Stats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-154.2.2 Series - Workfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-154.2.3 Graph - Workfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

TOC-4 EVeiws 8 Reference Guide

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 About This ManualThis manual is intended to be a supplement to the User Guide which provides in depth discussions and examples for EViews and its operation. This manual provides a quick resource to guide in choosing parameters of which options to use.

The chapters are divided into sections that break down various topics and matching program functions. Common practices such as creation workfiles will give preliminary instructions followed by screen-shots that include tables that describe each option and how it is used. This manual will refer to the other EViews documentation that will describe the topic in further detail. The table of contents shows the location of each screen in a hierarchal order allowing you to find a screen or function as it stair-steps down into the program.

1.2 Navigating EViewsThis program has several components. This section describes those features and provides some common operations instructions.

1.2.1 Main Screen

The main screen has of five parts that controls the function of this program.

• Title Bar, on page 1-2

• Main Menu, on page 1-2

• The Work Area, on page 1-4

• Command Window, on page 1-4

• The Status Line, on page 1-7

EViews 8 1-1

Chapter 1 Introduction Navigating EViews

Figure 1-1 Main Screen

1.2.1.1 Title Bar

The Titlebar has the following active functions:

• When EViews is the active program in Windows, the title bar has a darker color and intensity that differs from the other windows.

• If another program is active, the EViews title bar will be lighter.

• To make EViews the active program;

- click anywhere in the EViews window

- use ALT-TAB to cycle between applications until the EViews window is active.

1.2.1.2 Main Menu

EViews function like most program you are already familiar with.

• If you move the cursor to an entry in the main menu and click on the left mouse button, a drop-down menu will appear.

• Clicking on an entry in the drop-down menu selects the highlighted item.

Title Bar Main Menu Command Window

Work areaStatus line

1-2 EViews 8


1.2.1.2.1 Navigation Menu

There are several terms used in this manual used to describe commands, functions, and action when navigating through EViews. The table defines the feature on the screen and its function.

NAME DESCRIPTION

Action Button A command button that performs a specific, pre-programmed task.

Command button A screen button usually associated with changes in the operating parameters. Using the mouse, point to the button, and click the left mouse button.

Command Window

Dialog box A small window that appears with information or command choices.

Drop-Down menu A menu with a list of commands or options. To display a drop-down menu, select the downward-pointing arrow that accompanies some text fields, and click on the left mouse button.

Edit field A screen box that allows you to alter the data in the box. Examples:

• Text field

• Selection field (with a down arrow to reveal a drop-down menu)

Function group A group of command buttons or icons with related actions. The group is usually surrounded by a box.

Icon A graphic button that accesses a specific function to change a program. Using the mouse, point to the icon, and click the left button.

Information or Data field Shows labels you can read but not edit. The unit updates the information.

Navigation Menu A directory with branches that are used to access parameter edit screens. This program tree is located on the right-hand side of the screen.

Option buttons Circular or square button that appear in pairs or groups. Only one button can be selected at a time. A selected button deselects when you select another button

EViews 8 1-3


1.2.1.3 The Work Area

There are several key techniques to know when using the windows;

• they can overlap each other with the foremost window being in focus or active

• only the active window has a darkened titlebar

• move a window by clicking on its title bar and dragging the window to a new location

• change the size of a window by clicking on any corner and dragging the corner to a new location

When a window is partly covered, you can;

• bring it to the top by clicking on its Titlebar or on a visible portion of the window

• cycle through the displayed windows by pressing the F6 or CTRL-TAB keys

• select a window by clicking on the Window menu item, and selecting the desired name

1.2.1.4 Command Window

EViews commands are typed or pasted into this window.

Figure 1-2 Command Window

The command window supports Windows cut-and-paste so that you can easily move text between the command window, other EViews text windows, and other Windows programs to create and edit commands.

• The command is executed as soon as you hit ENTER.

• If you have entered more commands than will fit in your command window, EViews turns the window into a standard scrollable window. Use the scroll bar or up and down arrows on the right-hand side of the window to see various parts of the list of previously executed commands.

• You may:

a. Move the insertion point to previously executed commands.

1-4 EViews 8


b. Edit the existing command.

c. Press ENTER to execute the edited version of the command.

1. Ensure that the command window is active by clicking anywhere in the window.

2. Select File/Save As… from the main menu.

3. Select Save Active Workfile and click OK.

Figure 1-3 Save As Popup

4. Select the desired features from the table below.

Figure 1-4 Workfile Save

To save the contents of the command window (text file format)

EViews 8 1-5


5. Click on OK. The complete workfile will be saved in the directory location you selected and can be retrieved using Open EViews Workfiles.... (Cntrl+O).

1.2.1.4.1 Command Display

1. Press the Control key and the UP arrow (CTRL+UP). The last command will be entered into the command window.

2. Holding down the CTRL key and pressing UP repeatedly will display the next prior commands.

3. Repeat until the desired command is recalled.

1. Press the Control Key and the J key (CTRL+J).

2. In the popup window you may use the UP and DOWN arrows to select the desired command and then press the ENTER key to add it to the command window, or simply double click on the command.

3. To close the history window without selecting a command, click elsewhere in the command window or press the Escape (ESC) key.

4. To execute the retrieved command, simply press ENTER again.

Table 1-1: Workfile Save Popup

NAME DESCRIPTION

Single Precision The workfile is saved in 7 digit accuracy It is recommended for XXXXXXXXX

Double Precision The workfile is saved in 16 digit accuracy It is recommended for XXXXXXXXX

Use Compression This option uses Winzip to compress the workfile before saving.

Prompt on each Save

Every time you save a workfile, a prompt will appear alerting you that XXXXX

OK Accepts all inputs and changes.

Cancel Ends menu with no inputs or changes.

To display a list of previous commands in the order of entry

To examine the history of the last 30 commands

NOTE You may first edit the command before you enter it.

1-6 EViews 8

Chapter 1 Introduction Additional Operations

1. Place the cursor at the bottom of the command window, holding down the mouse button and dragging the window up or down.

2. Release the mouse button when the command window is the desired size.

1.2.1.5 The Status Line

At the very bottom of the window is the Status Line which is divided into several sections.

Figure 1-5 Status Line

• The left section can contain status messages sent to you by EViews. These status messages can be cleared manually by clicking on the box at the far left of the status line.

• The next section shows the Default Directory used to look for data and programs.

• The last two sections display the names of the default database and workfile.

1.3 Additional Operations

If you wish to cancel the current task or ongoing operation, press ESC.

To change the default command window size

NOTE Chapters XXX we will show you how to change both defaults.

To cancel EViews

To close EViews

EViews 8 1-7

Chapter 1 Introduction Additional Operations

There are a number of ways to close EViews.

You can always select File/Exit from the main menu, or you can press ALT-F4.

If you are running Windows 95 or NT, you

Alternatively, you can click on the close box in the upper right-hand corner of the EViews window, or double click on the EViews icon in the upper left-hand corner of the window.

Under Windows 3.1, click on the Control-menu box in the upper left-hand corner of the EViews window, and select Close.

NOTICE EViews will warn you and provide you with the opportunity to save any unsaved work.

1-8 EViews 8

Chapter 2 Main Menu

In this chapter:• All menus/commands/operations under the Main Menu command bar

• Explains

2.1 OverviewThe Main Menu is the primary access and command tool for using EV iews. If you move the cursor to an entry in the main menu and click on the left mouse button, a drop-down menu will appear. Clicking on an entry in the drop-down menu selects the highlighted item.

Figure 2-1 Main Menu

Some of the items in the drop-down menu items are shown in black and others are in gray. Items that appear dark or black are functional. Any grayed out items are not available and needs some other requirement be active before you can access the menu item or execute the command. Each item in the table will indicate what prerequisite is required to access the function.

The Main Menu is comprised of ten items:

• File, on page 2-2

• Edit, on page 2-24

• Object, on page 2-24

• Veiw, on page 2-34

• Proc, on page 2-40

• Quick, on page 2-60

• Options Add-ins, on page 2-82

• Windows, on page 2-89

• Help, on page 2-90

EViews 8 2-1

Chapter 2 Main Menu File

2.2 FileThis first pull-down item controls most the startup functions such as opening or creating new workfiles, locating items outside the program, export/import and printing.

At the very bottom of the pull-down is the last series of files that were opened in descending order. Double clicking on any of them will open that file if the path to it has not changed since it was last opened.

• New, on page 2-2

• Open, on page 2-11

• Save, on page 2-13

• SaveAs, on page 2-13

• Close, on page 2-13

• Import, on page 2-14

• Export, on page 2-17

• Print, on page 2-18

• Print Setup, on page 2-20

• Run, on page 2-22

• Exit, on page 2-24

2.2.1 New

This pull-down allows you create new workfiles, databases programs, or text files.

2-2 EViews 8


Figure 2-2 New Pull-down

2.2.1.1 Workfile

A workfile is simply a container for EViews objects (see XXX). Most of your work in EViews will involve objects that are contained in a workfile. The first step in any project will be to create a new workfile or to load an existing workfile into memory.

2.2.1.2 Database

This command is used to create new databases.

• For a native EViews databases;

a. Enter a name for the database in the field labeled DB File name/path.

b. Click on the button marked OK. This will create a new EViews database in the current path.

• To create a database in a different directory you can enter the full path and database name in the DB File name/path edit field.

.

Figure 2-3 Database

EViews 8 2-3


Table 2-1: DataBase

NAME DESCRIPTION

Database/File Type: this field allows you to create different types of databases.

a. Database

b. EViews v6 Database

c. DRIPro Link

d. Fame Local Database

e. Aremos TSD File

f. DRI DDS Format File

g. GiveWin/PcGive File

h. Rats 4.x File

i. Rats Portable File

j. TSP Portable File

See “Foreign Format Databases” on page 295 for a discussion of working with different database types.

DB File name/path: To create a database in a different directory, you can enter the full path and database name in the DB File name/path edit field.

a. Enter or copy/paste the current path to the database file in standard format.

b. For a native EViews database; enter a name for the database in the field labeled “DB File name/path” and click on OK.

Browse file: this command will open a window to access the standard file Open dialog.

a. Click on the Browse Files button to call up the common file dialog, and then navigate to the target directory.

b. Enter the name of the new database in the File name edit field.

c. Click on the OK button to accept the information and close the file dialog. EViews will put the new path and filename in the DB File name/ path edit field.

Browse Registry: This button provides a convenient way to recall information associated with a previously registered database (see “The Database Registry” on page 281).

Add to Registry: This button provides a convenient way to include the new database in the database registry (see “The Database Registry” on page 281).

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2.2.1.2.1 Browse Registry

This menu provides is an easy way to recall information associated with a previously registered database.

Figure 2-4 Database-Browse Registry

Open as Database alias (optional short name): This field allows you to specify the shorthand that will be associated with this database. A shorthand is a short text label which is used to refer to the database in commands and programs. If you leave this field blank, a default shorthand will be assigned automatically.

Table 2-2: DataBase - Browse Registry

NAME DESCRIPTION

Registered Databases

It is a file on disk that manages a variety of options that control database operations. It give you the ability to assign short alias names that can be used in place of complete database paths, and also allows you to configure the automatic searching features.

Edit Registry See Edit Registry below.

Select See Figure Figure 2-5, Database-Browse Registry - Select below. All the selections are the same as in Figure 2-3, Database, on page 2-3.


Table 2-1: DataBase

EViews 8 2-5


Figure 2-5 Database-Browse Registry - Select

2.2.1.2.2 Edit Registry

It is a file on disk that manages a variety of options that control database operations. It give you the ability to assign short alias names that can be used in place of complete database paths, and also allows you to configure the automatic searching features.

Figure 2-6 Database - Database Registry

2-6 EViews 8


2.2.1.2.3 Database Registry Entry

Add new entry/edit entry

Table 2-3: DataBase - Database Registry

NAME DESCRIPTION

Registered Databases and files

Add new entry: opens the Database Entry Window. See Database Registry Entry below.

Edit entry: opens the Database Entry Window. See Database Registry Entry below.

Remove entry: select an entry and click to remove the item.

Toggle search: xxx

Move to top of Search: moves the selected entry to the first entry position.

Auto Search Check the box to automatically search the database when a series is not found in the workfile.

Default database in search Path

Include at start of search order: changes the default order to ensure it is the first database.

Include at end of search order: changes the default order to ensure it is the last database.

Do not include in search: eliminates the selected entry from the current search.



EViews 8 2-7


Figure 2-7 Database - Database Registry - Entry

Table 2-4: DataBase - Database Registry - Entry

NAME DESCRIPTION

Registry Entry Database alias (short name): This field allows you to specify the shorthand that will be associated with this database. A shorthand is a short text label which is used to refer to the database in commands and programs. If you leave this field blank, a default shorthand will be assigned automatically.

Include database in autosearch: ensures the alias database name is included in the search.

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2.2.1.3 Program

Figure 2-8 Program

Database/file type: see Figure 2-7, Database - Database Registry - Entry for the choices available.

Database/name path: the full name and path of the database should be entered in the top edit field.

Server specification: xxx

User name: allows you add a user name.

Password: allows you to add a password to secure the database.

Browse files: This command will open a window to bring up the standard file Open dialog.



Table 2-5: Program

NAME DESCRIPTION

Run

Print

Save

Save As

Table 2-4: DataBase - Database Registry - Entry

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2.2.1.4 TextFile

Figure 2-9 Textfile

Cut

Copy

Paste

Insert Txt

Find

Replace

Wrap +/-

Line Number +/-

Encrypt

Table 2-6: Textfile

NAME DESCRIPTION

Print

Save

Save As

Cut

Copy

Table 2-5: Program

2-10 EViews 8


2.2.2 Open

This pull-down selection provides access to workfiles, programs, and databases available to use on EViews.

2.2.2.1 EViews workfiles...

You can use this command to:

• load into memory a previously saved workfile

• drag-and-drop the workfile onto your EViews workspace

You will see a standard Windows file dialog. Navigate to the appropriate directory and double click on the name of the workfile. The workfile window will open and all of the objects in the workfile will immediately be available.

For convenience, EViews keeps a record of the most recently used files at the bottom of the File menu. Select an entry and it opens.

2.2.2.2 Foreign Workfiles

This menu selection provides one of several methods for creating an EViews workfile by opening a foreign (non-EViews format) data source and to read the data into an new EViews workfile.

EViews can create a new workfile by opening data from a variety of formats

(HTML, Excel ®, CSV, ASCII, RATS, Stata, SPSS, SAS, etc…). The program automatically recognize the format and structure of files. Please see Chapter 3, Creating a Workfile by Reading from a Foreign Data Source.

2.2.2.3 DataBase

All of the database format files may be opened as databases by selecting File/Open/Database... and filling out the dialogs, allowing for additional control over the series to be read, the new workfile frequency, and any frequency conversion. See “Database” on page 2-3 for details.

Paste

Find

Replace

Table 2-6: Textfile

EViews 8 2-11


Figure 2-10 Open - Database

2.2.2.4 Programs

This command will open a window to bring up the standard file Open dialog. After you locate the program double click on it or select any file with “.prg” and click on Open.

Figure 2-11 Programs

2.2.2.5 Program in Add-ins folder...

This command will open a to bring up the standard file Open dialog and the folder with this file that is created when you download EViews. After you locate the program double click on it or select any file with “.XX” and click on Open.

2-12 EViews 8


Figure 2-12 Program in Add-ins folder...

2.2.2.6 Text Files

This command will open a to bring up the standard file Open dialog. After you locate the program double click on it or select any file with “Text-ASCII(*.*)” and click on Open.

Figure 2-13 Text Files

2.2.3 Save

This command function saves the active file with its current file name, location, and file format.

2.2.4 SaveAs

This command function saves the active file and allows you change the file name, location, and file format.

2.2.5 Close

This command function closes the selected workbook window.

EViews 8 2-13


2.2.6 Import

Figure 2-14 Import

2.2.6.1 Import from file...

This command will open a to bring up the standard file Open dialog. After you locate the program double click on it or select any file with “TSD File (*.tsd)” and click on Open.

Figure 2-15 Import file from...

2.2.6.2 Fetch from DB...

To fetch objects into a workfile, select Object/Fetch from DB… from the workfile menu or toolbar. You will see a dialog box prompting you for additional information for the fetch: objects to be fetched, directory and database location, as applicable.

2-14 EViews 8


Figure 2-16 Fetch from DB...

Table 2-7: Fetch from DB...

NAME DESCRIPTION

Fetch from Fetch from has an option titled Search Databases. This option searches multiple databases for objects which match the specified names. To use this option, you must first define a search order in the database registry.

Path for DB files Use the field to specify the path the DB files will use.

Objects to fetch Enter the names of the objects you would like to fetch in the field. You can also use the mouse to select objects from the workfile window before clicking on the Fetch button and the object names will appear automatically.

EViews 8 2-15


2.2.6.3 TSD File Import...

TSD AREMOS is a data management and econometrics software package released by Global Insight. EViews support this format and allows it to be imported.

2.2.6.4 DRL Basic Economics Database...

xxx

2.2.6.5 Read...

This command will open a to bring up the standard file Open dialog. After you locate the program double click on it or select any file with “Text-ASCII(*.*)” and click on Open.

Links This option brings any listed series or alpha objects into the workfile as links to the data in the database. When you open an existing workfile containing database links, a prompt asks you if you wish to refresh the data series. If you click on No, EViews will retain the existing data in the link, otherwise the data will be imported from the database when you load the workfile. You may also update existing links manually by:

a. Select Object/Manage Links & Formulae... in the workfile window,

b. Specifying the links to update.

c. Click on the Refresh Links - update data from source button.

OK When you click on OK, EViews will fetch all the objects. If an object which is being fetched is already contained in the workfile, a dialog will appear asking whether to replace the object or not. Click on;

• Yes to replace the object in the workfile

• No to leave the object in the workfile unchanged.



2-16 EViews 8


Figure 2-17 Read

2.2.7 Export

This set of commands allow you to store or export EViews files in a variety of formats.

2.2.7.1 Store to DB...

When you are working with an object, you can place it in a data bank or database file by clicking on the Object/ Store to DB… button on the object's toolbar or menu. EViews will prompt you for additional information.

2.2.7.2 TSD File Export

TSD AREMOS is a data management and econometrics software package released by Global Insight. EViews support this format and allows it to be exported.

2.2.7.3 Write Text-Lotus-Excel

This feature allows you to export to a spreadsheet or Text File.. Enter the name and type of the output file in the SaveAs dialog. As you fill out the SaveAs dialog, keep in mind the following behavior:

• If you enter a file name with an extension, EViews will use the file extension to identify the file type. Files with common spreadsheet extensions (“.XLS”, “.WK3”, “.WK1”, and “.WKS”) will be saved to the appropriate spreadsheet type. All others will be saved as ASCII files.

• If you do not enter an extension, EViews will use the file type selected in the combo-box to determine the output type. Spreadsheet files will have the appropriate extensions appended to the name. ASCII files will be saved using the name provided in the dialog, without an extension. EViews will not append extensions to ASCII files unless you explicitly include one in the file name.

• EViews cannot write into an existing file. The file that you select will be replaced.

Once you have specified the output file, click OK to open the export dialog.

EViews 8 2-17


2.2.8 Print

The print dialog box allows you access the particular characteristics of the selected printer and specify the default print behavior. For example, if the selected printer can print the document or redirect the file to exported in another format.

Figure 2-18 Print

NOTE If you highlight the series you wish to export before beginning the export procedure, the series names will be used to fill out the export dialog.

Table 2-8: Print

NAME DESCRIPTION

2-18 EViews 8


Destination Printer: The print dialog box allows you to select a printer if more than one is available.

Redirect: allows you to send the file to one of the following choices

• RTF file - all of your subsequent print commands will be appended to the RTF file specified in Filename (the file will be created in the default path with an “.RTF” extension). You may use the Clear File button to empty the contents of the existing file.

• Text file (graph print) - all printed text output will be appended to the text file specified in Filename (the file will be created in the default path with a “.TXT” extension). Since graph output cannot be saved in text format, all printing involving graphs will still be sent to the printer. Spools will send all text and table output to the file, and will ignore all graph output.

• Frozen object - redirects print commands into newly created graph or table objects using the specified Base Object name. Each subsequent print command will create a new table or graph object in the current workfile, naming it using the base name and an identifying number. For example, if you supply the base name of “OUT”, the first print command will generate a table or graph

• Spool object - sends subsequent print commands into a spool object in the workfile. Spool objects allow you to create collections of frozen object output (see Chapter 17. “Spool Objects,” on page 601 for details).

• CSV file (graph print) -

Filename: enter the file name you wish to redirect.

Properties: gives you the option of creating an XPS document, changing the orientation (landscape vs. portrait), paper size, and resolution. Some graph settings are not relevant when redirecting output, so that portions of the dialog may be grayed out.

Text/Table options Text size/Percent: the default size is100% or you can choose Custom and select from a percentage range of 1-100%.

Orientation: portrait or landscape.

Table 2-8: Print

EViews 8 2-19


2.2.9 Print Setup

The Print Setup dialog box is used to select and configure your printer and final output orientation. Select File > Print Setup to invoke the Print Setup dialog box.

Figure 2-19 Print Setup

Print Range Entire Table/Text: you can decide either to print the whole document, to print a range of pages, or to print a portion of the document that was previously selected.

Current Selection: you print a portion of the document that was previously selected.

Table Options Box around table: this option creates an outline around the table you have selected to print.

Include header: this option creates a header for the table you have selected to print.



Table 2-8: Print

2-20 EViews 8


Table 2-9: Print Setup

NAME DESCRIPTION

Destination Printer: The print dialog box allows you to select a printer if more than one is available.

Redirect: allows you to send the file to one of the following choices (See Table 2-8 above for full description)

• RTF file

• Text file (graph print)

• Frozen object

• Spool object

• CSV file (graph print)

Filename: enter the file name you wish to redirect.

Properties: gives you the option of creating an XPS document, changing the orientation (landscape vs. portrait), paper size, and resolution.

Graph defaults Orientation: portrait or landscape.

Graph size/Page Percent: several choices are available

• Small 75%

• Normal 100%

• Large 125%

• Custom: 0-999%

Position: at top, center or the bottom of the page.

Print in color: the default is gray-scale.

EViews 8 2-21


2.2.10 Run

This set of commands allows you to select a program and determine arguments or the amount of runtime errors which affects the processing speed.

Spool defaults Print mode: there are three choices

• Print to fit

• Continuous

• Individual

Object labels: there are two choices; suppress print comments or print titles.

Apply print mode to child spools: specifies where page breaks are to be used.

Child size: there are two choices; sizes and positions the output of native dimensions or screen proportional.

Size: there are two choices that size and positions the output to Custom: 0-999% or Normal 100%

Justification: there are three choices; center, left, or center graphs only.

Text/Table defaults Orientation: portrait or landscape.

Text size/Percent: the default size is100% or you can choose Custom and select from a percentage range of 1-100%.

Box around table: this option creates an outline around the table you have selected to print.



Table 2-9: Print Setup

2-22 EViews 8


Figure 2-20 Run Program

Table 2-10: Run Program

NAME DESCRIPTION

Program name or path

The full name and path of the program should be entered in the top edit field.

Program arguments

Any arguments can be entered here.

Runtime errors Verbose (slow) update screen/line status - listing commands in the status line as they are executed,

Quiet (fast) no screen/Status line updates - suppresses information. EViews will run faster in quiet mode since the status line display does not need to be updated.

Version 4 compatible variable substitution and program boolean comparisons. Maximum errors before halting: cannot exceed ____XXX.

Save options as default



EViews 8 2-23

Chapter 2 Main Menu Edit

2.2.11 Exit

The command causes the s program to terminate. It will prompt you to close with/without saving any current programs or data.

2.3 Edit Edit allows you to view, create, or modify EViews files.

2.4 ObjectCentral to the EViews program design is the concept of an object. They are collections of related information and operations that are bundled together into a unit. Most of your work will involve using or changing objects. This menu is used to create, change, and manage objects.

• New Object, on page 2-25

Table 2-11: Edit

NAME DESCRIPTION

Undo This command erases the last change done to the document reverting it to an older state.

Copy The copy command creates a duplicate and the selected data is placed in a clipboard.

Cut The cut command removes the selected data from its original position.

Paste The data in the clipboard is inserted in the position where the paste command is issued.

Paste Special Some word processors provide the option of pasting the contents of the clipboard as unformatted files. If you wish to paste the table as unformatted text, you should select this option.

Delete The data in the clipboard is removed.

Find Locates a specific word, phrase, letters in the file. It can be one instance at a timer or global.

Replace After a specific word, phrase, letters in the file is located it can be replaced with the new entry. It can be one instance at a timer or global.

Next Locates the next selection matching the entry.

Insert Text File xxx

2-24 EViews 8

Chapter 2 Main Menu Object

• Generate Series..., on page 2-27

• Manage Links and Formulae..., on page 2-27

• Fetch from DB..., on page 2-29

• Update selected from DB..., on page 2-30

• Store selected DB..., on page 2-30

• Copy selected..., on page 2-31

• Rename selected, on page 2-32

• Delete selected, on page 2-33

• Print selected, on page 2-33

Figure 2-21 Object

2.4.1 New Object

There are several steps to creating a new Object,

1. Ensure that you have an open workfile container and that its window is active.

2. Select Object/New Object… from the main menu. You will see the New Object dialog box.

3. You can click on the type of object you want,

NOTE Until you have created or loaded a workfile, this selection is unavailable.

EViews 8 2-25


4. Optionally provide a name for the object, and then click on OK.

Figure 2-22 Object - New Object

NOTE For some object types, a second dialog box will open prompting you to describe your object in more detail. For most objects, however, the object window will open immediately.

Table 2-12: Object - New Object

NAME DESCRIPTION

Type of object There are 25 choices available. See Chapter 4, Objects.

Name for object This option allows you to create a name for the Object (up to 16 characters).



2-26 EViews 8


2.4.2 Generate Series...

A secondary method for creating a series is to generate the series using mathematical expressions. Click on Quick/Generate Series… in the main EViews menu, and enter an expression defining the series.

Figure 2-23 Object - Generate Series

2.4.3 Manage Links and Formulae...

Use this menu to manually update the links.

Table 2-13: Object - Generate Series

NAME DESCRIPTION

Enter the equation This box is used enter an expression defining the series.

Sample Enter one or more pairs of dates (or observation numbers). Each pair identifies a starting and ending observation for a range to be included in the sample.



EViews 8 2-27


Figure 2-24 Object - Manage Links and Formulae

Table 2-14: Manage Links and Formulae

NAME DESCRIPTION

Scope There are three choices:

• All in workfile (all pages)

• All in current workfile page

• Listed objects within current workfile page. Use the window below to enter the objects and pages.

Apply to There are three choices

• Database links within series & alphas

• Link objects - links between pages

• Formulae within series & alphas

Refresh Links Refreshes the object links.

Break Links Breaks the links between objects.



2-28 EViews 8


2.4.4 Fetch from DB...

To fetch objects into a workfile, select Object/Fetch from DB… from the workfile menu or toolbar. You will see a dialog box prompting you for additional information for the fetch: objects to be fetched, directory and database location, as applicable.

Figure 2-25 Fetch from DB...


NAME DESCRIPTION




EViews 8 2-29


2.4.5 Update selected from DB...

This command will display the Fetch menu. See “Fetch from DB...” on page 2-29.

2.4.6 Store selected DB...

This menu allows you to name and control the place you want to store the database in.

Figure 2-26 Object - Store










2-30 EViews 8


2.4.7 Copy selected...

This menu allows you to copy and control the place you want to store the database in. similar to Copy/Paste

The Source field specifies the object or objects you would like to copy, the Destination field specifies where you would like to copy them and what names they should be given. The Source field should be filled in with an expression of the form:

Figure 2-27 Object - Copy

Table 2-16: Object - Store

NAME DESCRIPTION

Store XX as After you have selected an object that name will appear in the box. You use this name or modify it.

Store in Shows you the location you can sore the object in.

Database alias or path

This field allows you to select the shorthand name associated with this database. A shorthand is a short text label which is used to refer to the database in commands and programs. If you leave this field blank, a default shorthand will be assigned automatically.

Browse This command will open a window to bring up the standard file Open dialog.

Yes Accepts all inputs and changes.

No Ends menu with no inputs or changes.

Table 2-17: Object - Copy

NAME DESCRIPTION

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2.4.8 Rename selected

This menu allows you to change the object file name and save it. You can rename several objects at the same time using wildcard patterns and the rename command.

Figure 2-28 Object - Name

Source This field specifies the object or objects you would like to copy

Destination This field specifies where you would like to copy them and what names they should be given. The Source field should be filled in with an expression of the form.

OK Accepts inputs and changes.

OK to All Accepts all inputs and changes.

Cancel Ends selections with no inputs or changes.

Cancel All Ends menu with no inputs or changes.

Table 2-18: Object - Name

NAME DESCRIPTION

Name to identify object

Use the box to assign a name that is 16 characters of fewer, 24 are allowed, to label the object.

Display name for labeling tables and graphs

This optional feature allows you to display the labeling for tables and graphs.


Table 2-17: Object - Copy

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2.4.9 Delete selected

To delete an object or objects from your workfile, select the object or objects in the workfile directory and click Object/ Delete Selected on the workfile toolbar. EViews will prompt you to make certain that you wish to delete the objects.

Figure 2-29 Object - Delete selected

2.4.10 Print selected

The print dialog box allows you access the particular characteristics of the selected printer and specify the default print behavior. For example, if the selected printer can print the document or redirect the file to exported in another format. See “Print Setup” on page 2-20 for details.



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Chapter 2 Main Menu Veiw

2.5 VeiwView allows you to open and modify EViews files the way they are presented in the program.

• Open Selected, on page 2-34

• Show, on page 2-35

• Select All, on page 2-36

• Select by Filter, on page 2-36

• Deselect All, on page 2-37

• Details +/-, on page 2-37

• Display Filter..., on page 2-37

• Name Display, on page 2-37

• Statistics, on page 2-37

• Label, on page 2-38

Figure 2-30 View

2.5.1 Open Selected

You must first open a workfile before this menu is available. There are two choices presented; one window or separate windows. You must first select an object.

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2.5.2 Show

Click on the Show button on the toolbar, or select Quick/Show… from the menu and type in the object name or names. An alternative method of selecting and opening objects is to “show” the item.The Show button can also be used to display functions of series, also known as auto-series*.

Figure 2-31 View - Show

Showing an object works exactly as if you first selected the object or objects, and then opened your selection.

NOTE All of the rules for auto-series that are outlined in “Database Auto-Series” on page 279 will apply.

Table 2-19: View- Show

NAME DESCRIPTION

Object to display in a single window

You enter a single object name in the dialog box - EViews will open the object as if you double clicked on the object name.

You enter multiple names - EViews will always open a single window to display results, creating a new object if necessary.

Enter one of the following

Select an item from the list.

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2.5.3 Select All

Choosing this command will select all the object in the open workfile.

2.5.4 Select by Filter

This command allows you to use a filter(s) to choose an object.

Figure 2-32 View - Filter



Table 2-20: View- Filter

NAME DESCRIPTION

Name filter or multiple filters separated by spaces)

Enter the name(s) of the filters.

Include There are eight selections xxx



Table 2-19: View- Show

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2.5.5 Deselect All

Choosing this command will cause all the previously selected objects open workfile to revert back to the previous state.

2.5.6 Details +/-

This command button toggles on and off an addition to the column headings Name, Last Update, and Description to the workfile directory.

Figure 2-33 View - Details +/-

2.5.7 Display Filter...

See Select by Filter, on page 2-36.

2.5.8 Name Display

This command button toggles on/off all object titles in the open workfile from upper or lower case.

2.5.9 Statistics

First, the workfile statistics view provides a convenient place for you to examine the structure of your panel workfile. Simply click on View/Statistics from the main menu to display a summary of the structure and contents of your workfile.

To return the display to the original workfile directory, select View/Workfile Directory from the main workfile menu.

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Figure 2-34 View - Statistics

2.5.10 Label

Objects have label fields where you can provide extended annotation and commentary. To view these fields, select View/Label from the object window.

• By default, every time you modify the object, EViews automatically appends the modification in the History field at the bottom of the label view.

• You can edit any of the fields, except the Last Update field. Simply click in the field cell that you want to edit.

• All fields, except the Remarks and History fields, contain only one line. The Remarks and History fields can contain multiple lines. Press ENTER to add a new line to these two fields.

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Figure 2-35 View - Label

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Chapter 2 Main Menu Proc

2.6 ProcProcess (Proc) is a series of commands on the pull-down that allow you to affect aspects of a workfile pages. A workfile must be open to access the features.

• Set Sample, on page 2-40

• Structure/Resize Current Page..., on page 2-42

• Append to Current Page..., on page 2-44

• Contract to Current Page..., on page 2-45

• Reshape to Current Page, on page 2-46

• Copy/Extract Current Page, on page 2-51

• Sort Current Page..., on page 2-53

• Copy/Extract Current Page, on page 2-54

• Load Workfile Page, on page 2-56

• Save Current Page, on page 2-56

• Rename Current Page, on page 2-57

• Delete Current Page, on page 2-57

Figure 2-36 Proc

2.6.1 Set Sample

There are four ways to set the workfile sample:

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• click on the Sample button in the workfile toolbar

• double click on the sample string display in the workfile window

• select Proc/Set Sample… from the main workfile menu

• enter a smpl command in the command window.

If you use one of the interactive methods, EViews will open the Sample dialog prompting you for input.

Figure 2-37 Proc - Sample

Table 2-21: Proc - Sample

NAME DESCRIPTION

Sample Range Pairs

Enter one or more pairs of dates (or observation numbers). Each pair identifies a starting and ending observation for a range to be included in the sample.

You may enter your date pairs in a frequency other than that of the workfile. Dates used for the starts of date pairs are rounded down to the first instance of the corresponding date in the workfile frequency, while dates used for the ends of date pairs are rounded up to the last instance of the corresponding date in the workfile frequency.

If Condition (optional)

This dialog box allows you to add conditions to the sample specification. The sample is the intersection of the set of observations defined by the range pairs in the upper window and the set of observations defined by the “if” conditions in the lower window.



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2.6.2 Structure/Resize Current Page...

To structure an existing workfile, select Proc/“Structure/Resize Current Page...” in the main workfile window, or double-click on the portion of the window displaying the current range (“Range:”).

Figure 2-38 Proc - Structure/Resize current page

Table 2-22: Proc - Structure/Resize current page

NAME DESCRIPTION

Workfile structure type

Clicking on the structure type combo box brings up several choices; you may choose between the Unstructured/Undated, and Dated - regular frequency types, or several new options. As you select different workfile structure types, the right-hand side of the dialog changes to show relevant settings and options for the selected type.

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Date Specification This date information may be in the form of valid EViews date values, or it may be provided in numbers or strings which EViews will attempt to interpret as valid date values. When interpreting, EViews will attempt to create a new series containing the interpreted date values. If EViews is unable to translate your date information into date values, it will issue an error indicating that the date series has invalid values or that it is unable to interpret your date specification. You must either edit your date series, or structure your workfile as an undated workfile with an ID series.

In selecting a frequency, you set intervals between observations in your data. You may choose from the following settings:

• Multi-year,

• Annual

• Semi-annual,

• Quarterly,

• Monthly

• Bimonthly,

• Fortnight,

• Ten-day,

• Weekly,

• Daily - 5 day week


• Daily - custom week

• Intraday

• (Integer date (which is a generalization of a simple enumeration).

If, for example, you select the Daily -custom week frequency, the dialog will prompt you to provide a range for the days of the week in your custom week. You should use the Intraweek/Intraday range combo boxes to define a the start and end of the week.

If you choose the Intraday frequency you will be prompted to provide additional information about the structure of your observed days. You must provide information about the frequency of observations within the day, the days of the week for the days of the week for which you observe data, and the time, and the time range of observations within a day.



Table 2-22: Proc - Structure/Resize current page

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2.6.3 Append to Current Page...

One method of combining two workfile pages is to append observations from a source workfile page to the end of a target workfile page. When appending data

• The program removes any structure from the target page,

• It expands its range to encompass the combined range of the original page and the appended data.

• The data from the source page are then copied to the expanded part of the target workfile range, either in existing series or alpha objects, or in newly created objects.

When appending, you should first make certain that the workfiles containing both the source and target page are open in EViews. In some cases (for example, concatenating a workfile page with itself), you only need to have a single open workfile since the source and target workfiles are the same.

To open the Workfile Append dialog:

1. Click on the Proc button on the target workfile toolbar and select Append to Current Page...

2. Select Proc/Append to Current Page... from the main menu.

Figure 2-39 Proc - Append to current Page

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2.6.4 Contract to Current Page...

There may be times, however, when you wish to drop or remove observations from a workfile page. The workfile contraction occurs in place so that the existing workfile page will no longer exist. If you wish to keep the original page, you should make a copy of the page, or save it to disk.

Table 2-23: Proc - Append to current Page

NAME DESCRIPTION

Workfile page to append

Workfile: use this selection box to choose an open workfile.

Page: use this selection box to choose an open workfile page.

Sample: enter one or more pairs of dates (or observation numbers). Each pair identifies a starting and ending observation for a range to be included in the sample.

Objects to append Use the settings to specify the objects to be appended or copied. By default (All series & alpha), EViews will append all series and alphas (and links) from the source page into the destination page.

• All objects - will append all series and alphas, and will copy all other objects into the destination.

• Listed objects - allows you to specify the individual objects to be copied by name, using wildcards if convenient.

• Series & alpha - to append only those data objects that exist in both pages, you should select Series & alpha that exist in both workfiles. If this setting is selected, a series or numeric link Y in the source page will only be appended if a series Y exists in the active page, and an alpha or alpha link X in the source will only be appended if an alpha series X exists in the destination.

• Listed object - selects those objects shown on the list.

Name collision These settings control the method used to append data when a source object name is present in the target page. See the User Guide for more details.

Created Series This optional setting allows you to save series containing information about each observation in the combined workfile. See the User Guide for more details.



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Figure 2-40 Proc - Contract to current page

2.6.5 Reshape to Current Page

The two options show are stacking and unstacking in a new page.

2.6.5.1 Stacking

Stacking a workfile involves combining sets of series with related names into single series, or repeatedly stacking individual series into single series, and placing the results in a new workfile. The series in a set to be stacked contains repeated measures data on a given variable. The individual series is viewed as ordinary, nonrepeated measures data.

Table 2-24: Proc - Contract to current page

NAME DESCRIPTION

Sample of observations to keep within the workfiles

Enter a sample specification and EViews will drop all observations in the current page that do not meet the specified criteria.



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Figure 2-41 Proc - Stack

Table 2-25: Proc - Stack

NAME DESCRIPTION

Stacking Indentifiers

There are three distinct methods that you may use to specify your stack ID values:

• Enter a space separated list containing the individual ID values (e.g., “1 2 3”, or “US UK JPN”). This is the most straightforward method, but can be cumbersome if you have a large list of values.

• Enter the name of an existing pool object that contains the identifier values.

• Instruct EViews to extract the ID values from a set of series representing repeated measures on some variable. To use this method, you should enter a series name pattern containing the base name and the “?” character in place of the IDs.

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2.6.5.2 Unstacking

To unstack the active workfile page, you should select Proc/Reshape Current Page/ Unstack in New Page... from the main workfile menu. When unstacking data, there are four key pieces of information that should be provided:

1. A series object that contains the unstacking IDs

2. A series object that contains the observation IDs

3. The series in the source workfile that you wish to unstack

4. A rule for defining names for the unstacked series.epeated measures data.

You may provide an alternative destination for the stacked data by clicking on the Page Destination tab in the dialog and entering the desired destination.

Series to stack into workfile page

Enter the list of series, alphas, and links that you wish to stack.

• Sets of series objects that are to be treated as repeated measures (stacked on top of each other) should be entered using “?” series name patterns.

• Individual series (those that should be repeatedly stacked on top of themselves), should be entered using simple names or wildcards.

You may specify the repeated measures series by listing individual stacked series with “?” patterns (“CONS? EARN?”), or you may use expressions containing the wildcard character “*” (“*?” and “?C*”) to specify multiple sets of series.

Name for stacked series

Enter the text to replace the ? in the original name (blank is acceptable).

Order of obs Stacked - by default, creates series in the new page by stacking series on top of one another.

Interleaved - EViews will stack the first observations on top of the second observations, and so forth.

Stacking by series means that the observations contained in a given series will be kept together in the stacked form, while interleaving the data implies that the multiple values for a given original observation will be kept together. In some contexts, one form may be more natural than another.



Table 2-25: Proc - Stack

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Figure 2-42 Proc - Unstack in new page


NAME DESCRIPTION

Series containing unstacking indentifiers

To unstack data contained in a workfile page, your source page must contain a series object containing the unstacking identifiers associated with each observation.

Series containing observation identifiers

Specify a series object containing an observation ID series. The values of this series are used to identify both the individual observations in the unstacked series and the structure of the destination page.

If your workfile is structured, choose the unstacking identifier series that comes from the series used to structure the workfile, either directly (the date or crosssection ID in a panel page), or indirectly (the YEAR or QUARTER extracted from a quarterly date).

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Figure 2-43 Proc - Page Destination

Name pattern for unstacked series

EViews will use the pattern in the Name pattern for unstacked series field to construct the names for the new unstacked series or alphas associated with each stacked series object.

By default, the wildcard pattern “*?” will be used, meaning that unstacked series names will be constructed by concatenating the name of the series object to be unstacked and a string containing one of the unique values found in the unstacking ID series.

Series to unstack into new workfile page

Enter the names of the series, alphas, and links to unstack in the edit field into new workfile page. You may enter the names directly, or use expressions containing wildcards.

Note: the RESID series and the unstacking ID series may not be unstacked.




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2.6.6 Copy/Extract Current Page

This function is used to copy all or part of the data in a workfile by creating links in which you will specify the data to be copied.

There are two principal ways that you can specify a subset of the data to be copied;

• specify a subsample of observations in the workfile or you may

• specify a subset of the series objects.

For the Page Destination menu see Table 2-27 on page 51.

Table 2-27: Proc - Page Destination

NAME DESCRIPTION

Destination of new WF Page

Current or new workfile.

Names Create a name. If a page with that name already exists in the workfile, EViews will create a new page using the next available name.



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Figure 2-44 Proc - Workfile Copy By Link


NAME DESCRIPTION

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2.6.7 Sort Current Page...

This pop-up window allows you to sort a workfile series by ascending/descending order.

Figure 2-45 Proc - Sort Workfile Series

Sample Observations to copy

EViews will copy all of the observations in the sample specified in the edit box. To specify a subsample of observations, you should replace the default “@ALL” with a valid EViews sample.

When you click on OK to accept the dialog settings, EViews first examines your source workfile and the specified sample, and then creates a new page with the appropriate number of observations.

Objects to copy by link

You may elect to copy all series, alphas, and valmaps, or you may select the Listed Series - Alphas - Valmaps radio button and enter a list of the series to be copied, with wildcards, if desired.

If the Include Links checkbox is selected it copy series and alpha links along with ordinary series and alphas.

If you uncheck Include Links, EViews will drop all link objects from the copy list.

The copy by link procedure will create the links in a new page in the existing workfile. By default, the page will be given a name based on the page structure.




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2.6.8 Copy/Extract Current Page

Use this command to copy or extract a currently open workfile page. EViews will open the Workfile Copy By Link dialog in which you will specify the data to be copied. See Copy/Extract Current Page, 2-51. The screens and selections are the same for By Link to New Page.

Figure 2-46 Proc - Workfile Copy By Value

Table 2-29: Proc - Sort Workfile Series

NAME DESCRIPTION

Sort key(s) Enter one or more Series names or Series expression to be sorted.

Sort order Selecting Sort/Ascending or Sort/Descending sorts the observations using the first selected column of data.

OK Click on OK and EViews will rearrange the group spreadsheet display so that observations are displayed in the specified order.


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Table 2-30: Proc - Workfile Copy By Value

NAME DESCRIPTION

Sample Observations to copy

EViews will copy all of the observations in the sample specified in the edit box. To specify a subsample of observations, you should replace the default “@ALL” with a valid EViews sample.

When you click on OK to accept the dialog settings, EViews first examines your source workfile and the specified sample, and then creates a new page with the appropriate number of observations.

There is an option for random subsampling. By default, all of the observations in the sample will be used (No random subsampling), but you may choose to extract a random sample in one of three ways:

• You may extract a subsample with a fixed number of observations (Fixed subsample size - number of observations). If the specified subsample size is larger than the number of observations, the entire sample is used.

• You may select a subsample with a fixed size, where the number of observations is specified as a percent of the total number of observations (Fixed subsample size - % of observations).

• You may take a simple random sample in which every observation has a fixed probability of being selected (Random subsample size - % applied to each obs). As the label suggests, the number of observations in the resulting subsample is itself random.

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2.6.9 Load Workfile Page

This is another method for creating a new page by loading an existing workfile or data source. EViews will present you with the File Open dialog, prompting you to select your file.

2.6.10 Save Current Page

If you wish to save the active workfile page as an individual workfile, click on Proc/Save Current Page... from the main workfile menu to access the dialog.

Saving a page as an individual workfile is necessary to load a single page into several workfiles, or to use the page in a previous version of EViews. After it is saved it is the same as any other single-page workfile.

Objects to copy Specify the objects to be copied. There are two parts to the object specification; a list of object names, and a set of modifiers for object types.

By default, th All Objects radio button is selected so that the list of object names provided will include every object in the source workfile. You may instead provide an explicit list by clicking on the Listed Objects radio button and entering the names of objects (using wildcards if appropriate).

The type matching check boxes (Series - Alphas - Valmaps, Links, Estimation & Model Objects, All others) may be used to restrict the object list on the basis of broad classifications for type;

• an object will be copied only if it is in the list of object names provided in the edit box,

• and if its type matches a classification that you elect to copy.

• If you wish to remove all objects that are not series objects or valmaps from your list, uncheck the Estimation & Model objects and the All others check boxes.

OK Click on OK and EViews will rearrange the group spreadsheet display so that observations are displayed in the specified order.


Table 2-30: Proc - Workfile Copy By Value

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Figure 2-47 Save Current Page

2.6.11 Rename Current Page

This pull-down command allows you to change the name of the workfile page you currently have open and save it to the current file location.

Figure 2-48 Proc - Workfile Page Name

2.6.12 Delete Current Page

This pull-down command allows you to delete the workfile page you currently have open and save the workfile at the current file location.

2.6.13 Import

Please refer to the following sections:

• “Import from file...” on page 2-14

• “Fetch from DB...” on page 2-14

• “TSD File Import...” on page 2-16

• “DRL Basic Economics Database...” on page 2-16

• “Read...” on page 2-16

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Figure 2-49 Proc - Import

2.6.14 Export

Please refer to the following sections.

• Save Workfile Page

• Store Selected to DB

• “TSD File Export” on page 2-17

• “Write Text-Lotus-Excel” on page 2-17

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Figure 2-50 Proc - Export

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Chapter 2 Main Menu Quick

2.7 Quick This section contains commands that are frequently used and provides a fast means to accomplish specific goals in EViews. Please refer to the following sections.

• Sample..., on page 2-60

• Generate Series..., on page 2-61

• Show..., on page 2-62

• Graph..., on page 2-63

• Empty Group (Edit Series), on page 2-64

• Series Statistics, on page 2-65

• Group Statistics, on page 2-74

• Estimate Equations..., on page 2-78

• Estimate VAR..., on page 2-80

Figure 2-51 Quick

2.7.1 Sample...

Select Quick/Sample… to change the parameters or conditions that affect samples.

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Figure 2-52 Quick - Sample

2.7.2 Generate Series...

To create or modify a series, select Quick/Generate Series… and EViews opens a window prompting you for additional information.

Table 2-31: Quick - Sample

NAME DESCRIPTION

Sample range pairs Enter one or more pairs of dates (or observation numbers). Each pair identifies a starting and ending observation for a range to be included in the sample.

If condition (optional)

For example, if, in an annual workfile, you entered the string “1950 1980 1990 1995”, EViews will use observations for 1950 through 1980 and observations for 1990 through 1995 in subsequent operations; observations from 1981 through 1989 will be excluded. For undated data, the date pairs correspond to observation identifiers such as “1 50” for the first 50 observations. You may enter your date pairs in a frequency other pg 92



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Figure 2-53 Quick - Generate Series

2.7.3 Show...

An alternative method of combining graphs is to select Quick/Show… and enter the names of the graphs. Any combined graphs may not be made auto-updating.

Table 2-32: Quick - Generate Series

NAME DESCRIPTION

Enter Equation Enter the assignment statement which is actually an implicit loop over observations. Beginning with the first observation in the sample, EViews will evaluate the assignment statement for each included observation.

Sample Enter the relevant sample period in the lower edit box.



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Figure 2-54 Quick - Show

2.7.4 Graph...

Please refer to the following sections. xxx

Table 2-33: Quick - Show

NAME DESCRIPTION

Objects to display in a single window

Enter the text for the expression.


There are four choices:

• an Object or Object.View

• a Series Formula such as LOG(X) or X+Y(-1)

• a list of Series, Groups, and Formulas

• a list of Graphs



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Figure 2-55 Quick - Graph

2.7.5 Empty Group (Edit Series)

Choose Quick/Empty Group (Edit Series) from the main menu to open an untitled group window. A spreadsheet opens in edit mode so there is no need to click the Edit +/– button. You can enter data or Copy/Paste a file into the Group.

Table 2-34: Quick - Graph

NAME DESCRIPTION

List of series, groups, and/or series expressions



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Figure 2-56 Quick - Empty Group

2.7.6 Series Statistics

This group of selections apply specific test or filters to any selected Series and displays them for analysis.

Figure 2-57 Quick - Series Statistics

After you have selected a command, this window will appear asking you to select the series name from the current open workfile.

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Figure 2-58 Quick - Series Statistics - Series Name

2.7.6.1 Histogram and Stats...

This view displays the frequency distribution of the selected series in a histogram. The histogram divides the series range (the distance between the maximum and minimum values) into a number of equal length intervals or bins and displays a count of the number of observations that fall into each bin.

2.7.6.2 Correlogram...

This view displays the autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions up to the specified order of lags. These functions characterize the pattern of temporal dependence in the series and typically make sense only for time series data.

Figure 2-59 Quick - Series Statistics - Correlogram Specification


NAME DESCRIPTION

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2.7.6.3 Unit Root Test...

This view carries out the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), GLS transformed Dickey-Fuller (DFGLS), Phillips-Perron (PP), Kwiatkowski, et. al. (KPSS), Elliot, Richardson and Stock (ERS) Point Optimal, and Ng and Perron (NP) unit root tests for whether the series in the group (or the first or second differences of the series) are stationary.

Figure 2-60 Quick - Series Statistics - Unit Root Test

Correlogram of You may choose to plot the correlogram of the raw series:

(level) x, the first difference d(x)=x–x(–1),

or the second difference:

d(x)-d(x(-1)) = x-2x(-1)+x(-2)

of the series.

Lags to include Specify the highest order of lag to display the correlogram; type in a positive integer in the field box.




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NAME DESCRIPTION

Test type There are seven types to choose from. Please see the User Guide for more details.

Test for unit root in You may choose to plot the correlogram of the raw series:

(level) x, the first difference d(x)=x–x(–1),

or the second difference:

d(x)-d(x(-1)) = x-2x(-1)+x(-2)

of the series.

Include in test equation

There are three choices:

• Intercept

• Trend and intercept

• None

Lag length There are seven types to choose from. Please see the User Guide for more details. Specify the highest order of lag to display the correlogram; type in a positive integer in the field box.



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2.7.6.4 Variance Ratio Test...

Start by opening the series which contains the data which you wish to test. EViews allows you to perform the test using the differences, log differences, or original data in your series as the random walk innovations.

If you are performing your test on a series in a panel workfile, the Output options differ slightly. If you wish to produce output in tabular form, you can choose to compute individual variance ratio tests for each cross-section and form a Fisher Combined test (Table - Fisher Combined), or you can choose to stack the cross-sections into a single series and perform the test on the stacked panel (Table - Stacked Panel). Note that the stacked panel method assumes that all means and variances are the same across all cross-sections; the only adjustment for the panel structure is in data handling that insures that lags never cross the seams between cross-sections. There are two graphical counterparts to the table choices: Graph - Individual, which produces a graph for each cross-section, and Graph - Stacked Panel, which produces a graph of the results for the stacked analysis.

Figure 2-61 Quick - Series Statistics - Variance Ratio Test

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NAME DESCRIPTION

Output The Output combo determines whether you wish to see your test output in Table or Graph form. The choices differ slightly in a panel workfile.

There are four types to choose from. Please see the User Guide for more details.

• Table-Fischer combined

• Table-stacked panel

• Graph-individual

• Graph-stacked panel

Data Specification This section describes the properties of the data in the series. By default, EViews assumes you wish to test whether the data in the series follow a Random walk, so that variances are computed for differences of the data. Alternately, you may assume that the data follow an Exponential random walk so that the innovations are obtained by taking log differences, or that the series contains the Random walk innovations themselves.

There are three types to choose from. Please see the User Guide for more details.

• Random walk

• Exponential random walk

• Random walk innovations

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Test Specification By default, EViews computes the basic Lo and MacKinlay variance ratio statistic assuming heteroskedastic increments to the random walk. The default calculations also allow for a non-zero innovation mean and bias correct the variance estimates.

Compute using combo - defaults to Original data and instructs EViews to use the original Lo and MacKinlay test statistic based on the innovations obtained from the original data. You may instead use the Compute using combo to instruct EViews to perform the variance ratio test using;

• Original data

• Ranks

• Rank scores (van der Waerden scores)

• Signs of the data

Check boxes - (for the Lo and MacKinlay test statistic) allow you to choose whether to:

• bias-correct the variance estimates

• construct the test using the heteroskedasticity robust test standard error

• allow for non-zero means in the innovations

Probabilities combo - may be used to select between computing the test probabilities using the default Asymptotic normal results (Lo and MacKinlay 1988), or using the Wild bootstrap (Kim 2006).

Test Period Identifies the intervals whose variances you wish to compare to the variance of the one-period innovations. You may specify a single period or more than one period; if there is more than one period, EViews will perform one or more joint tests of the variance ratio restrictions for the specified periods.

There are two ways to specify the periods to test.

• Provide a user-specified list of values or name of a vector containing the values. The default settings, depicted above, are to compute the test for periods “2 4 8 16.”

• Click on the Equal-spaced grid radio, and enter a minimum, maximum, and step.


EViews 8 2-71


2.7.6.5 Exponential Smoothing

This will forecast a Series using a likelihood based exponential smoothing methods as given by the Error (E), Trend (T), Seasonality (S) model as outlined by Hyndman, Koehler, Ord and Synder 2008. You may specify the structure of the ETS model, or have EViews select the best model for you. Parameters may be specified, or estimated.

Figure 2-62 Quick - Series Statistics - Exponential Smoothing

Options If you choose to perform a Wild bootstrap you will prompted to choose a:

• bootstrap error distribution (Two-point, Rademacher, Normal)

• number of replications

• random number generator

• specify an optional random number generator seed.




2-72 EViews 8


2.7.6.6 Hodrick-Prescot Filter

The Hodrick-Prescott Filter is a smoothing method that is widely used among macroeconomists to obtain a smooth estimate of the long-term trend component of a series.

Figure 2-63 Quick - Series Statistics - Hodrick-Prescot Filter


NAME DESCRIPTION

Smoothing method xxx

Smoothing parameters

Smoothing

Smoothed series

Estimation sample

Cycle for season



EViews 8 2-73


2.7.7 Group Statistics


Figure 2-64 Quick - Group Statistics

Table 2-39: Quick - Series Statistics

NAME DESCRIPTION

Output series Provide a name for the smoothed series. EViews will suggest a name,9 but you can always enter a name of your choosing.

Smoothing parameters

Specify an integer value for the smoothing parameter, You may specify the parameter using the:

• frequency power rule of Ravn and Uhlig (2002) (the number of periods per year divided by 4, raised to a power, and multiplied by 1600), or you may

• specify directly

NOTE: The default is to use a power rule of 2. Ravan and Uhlig recommend using a power value of 4. EViews will round any non-integer values that you enter.

OK Accepts all inputs and changes. EViews displays a graph of the filtered series together with the original series. Only data in the current workfile sample are filtered. Data for the smoothed series outside the current sample are filled with NAs.


2-74 EViews 8


2.7.7.1 Descriptive Statistics

After you have selected a command, the window will ask you to select either common or individual. The

Figure 2-65 Quick - Group Statistics - Series List

2.7.7.2 Covariances

After you have selected a command, the window will ask you enter a series list as shown in Figure 2-65, Quick - Group Statistics - Series List.

2.7.7.3 Correlations

After you have selected a command, the window will ask you enter a series list as shown in Figure 2-65, Quick - Group Statistics - Series List.

2.7.7.4 Cross Correlogram

After you have selected a command, the window will ask you enter a series list as shown in Figure 2-65, Quick - Group Statistics - Series List. The Lag Specification window appears asking you how many lags you want to include in the new Group.

Quick - Group Statistics - Series List - Cross Correlogram

EViews 8 2-75


2.7.7.5 Johansen Cointegration Test


Quick - Group Statistics - Series List - Johansen Cointegration Test

Table 2-40: Quick - Series List - Johansen Cointegration Test

NAME DESCRIPTION

2-76 EViews 8


Deterministic trend assumption test

Here are some brief guidelines. Refer to the User Guide for more details.

• In practice, cases 1 and 5 are rarely used.

• Use case 1 only if you know that all series have zero mean.

• Case 5 may provide a good fit in-sample but will produce implausible forecasts out-of-sample.

• As a rough guide, use case 2 if none of the series appear to have a trend.

• For trending series, use case 3 if you believe all trends are stochastic; if you believe some of the series are trend stationary, use case 4.

• If you are not certain which trend assumption to use, you may choose the Summary of all 5 trend assumptions option (case 6) to help you determine the choice of the trend assumption. This option indicates the number of cointegrating relations under each of the 5 trend assumptions, and you will be able to assess the sensitivity of the results to the trend assumption.

Exog variables The test dialog allows you to specify additional exogenous variables to include in the test VAR. The constant and linear trend should not be listed in the edit box since they are specified using the five Trend Specification options. If you choose to include exogenous variables, be aware that the critical values reported by EViews do not account for these variables.

The most commonly added deterministic terms are seasonal dummy variables.

Lag intervals Specify the lags of the test VAR as pairs of intervals. Note that the lags are specified as lags of the first differenced terms used in the auxiliary regression, not in terms of the levels.

Critical Values By default, EViews will compute the critical values for the test using MacKinnon-Haug-Michelis (1999) p-values. You may elect instead to report the Osterwald-Lenum (1992) at the 5% and 1% levels by changing the radio button selection from MHM to Osterwald- Lenum.



Table 2-40: Quick - Series List - Johansen Cointegration Test

EViews 8 2-77


2.7.7.6 Granger Causality Test


Quick - Group Statistics - Series List - Granger Casualty Test

2.7.8 Estimate Equations...


Figure 2-66 Quick - Estimate Equations - Specifications

2-78 EViews 8


Figure 2-67 Quick - Estimate Equations - Panel Options

EViews 8 2-79


Figure 2-68 Quick - Estimate Equations - Options

2.7.9 Estimate VAR...


Table 2-41: Quick - Estimate Equations

NAME DESCRIPTION



2-80 EViews 8


Figure 2-69 Quick - Estimate VAR

Table 2-42: Quick - Estimate VAR

NAME DESCRIPTION

Var Type

Estimation Sample

Endogenous Variables

Lag variables for Endogenous

Endogenous Variables



EViews 8 2-81

Chapter 2 Main Menu Options Add-ins

2.8 Options Add-insPlease refer to the following sections.

• General Options..., on page 2-82

• Graphics Defaults..., on page 2-84

• Database Registry..., on page 2-85

• EViews Auto-Update from Web, on page 2-87

Figure 2-70 Options

2.8.1 General Options...


2-82 EViews 8


Figure 2-71 General Options

Table 2-43: General Options

NAME DESCRIPTION

Options outline This dialog is broken up into many sections which are accessible using the tree on the left-hand side of the dialog.Thse topics are discussed in depth in the User Guide. In some cases, additional detail is provided in the corresponding sections of the User Guide.

EViews 8 2-83


2.8.2 Graphics Defaults...

These options control how a graph appears when it is first created. The great majority of these options are explained in considerable detail in “Graph Options,” beginning on page 567.

Figure 2-72

Window colors Basic theme - You may select from a variety of basic themes, including Light Blue, Silver, and EViews Classic.

Background & status bar - You can let the background and status bar follow this color theme, or choose a different color from the Background & status bar dropdown.

Caption bar & borders - choose the visual style of your caption bar and borders. The Default setting is for EViews to draw the caption bars and borders using colors to match the current them in a style to match your operating system (either Windows XP or Windows Vista/Windows 7). You may instead choose EViews rounded or Vista style to have EViews choose a style independent of your operating system. If you have modified your operating system settings for window borders and text, and wish to have the operating system draw the caption and borders you should select Operating system drawn. .

Button bars Most EViews windows have a row of buttons along the top, called the button bar. You have the option to display the button bars or not.



Table 2-43: General Options

2-84 EViews 8


2.8.3 Database Registry...

The database registry is a file on disk that manages a variety of options which control database operations. It gives you the ability to assign short alias names that can be used in place of complete database paths, and also allows you to configure the automatic searching features of EViews.

Figure 2-73 Database Registry

The box labeled Registry Entries lists the databases that have been registered with EViews. The first time you bring up the dialog, the box will usually be empty.

If you

The full name and path of the database should be entered in the top edit field. Alternatively, click the Browse button to select your database interactively.

Table 2-44:

NAME DESCRIPTION



EViews 8 2-85


Table 2-45: Database Registry

NAME DESCRIPTION

Registered databases and files

The box labeled Registry Entries lists the databases that have been registered with EViews. The first time you bring up the dialog, the box will usually be empty. There are three things you must specify in the dialog:

• the full name (including path) of the database,

• the alias which you would like to associate with the database, and

• the option for whether you wish to include the database in automatic searches.

Add new entry - click on the Add new entry button, a Database Registry Entry dialog appears.

Edit entry - Any registry entry may be edited. See

Remove entry - deletes the current entry.

Toggle Search - switched on or off for searching.

Move to the top of Search - moves the selected entry to the top of the search list by highlighting the entry in the list and clicking the appropriate button to the right of the list box.

Autosearch This option is used to control EViews behavior when you enter a command involving a series name which cannot be found in the current workfile. If this checkbox is selected, EViews will automatically search all databases that are registered for searching, before returning an error. If a series with the unrecognized name is found in any of the databases, EViews will create a database auto-series and continue with the procedure.

2-86 EViews 8


2.8.4 EViews Auto-Update from Web


Figure 2-74

Default database in search path

This option lets you specify how the default database is treated in automatic database searches. Normally, when performing an automatic search, EViews will search through the databases contained in the Registry

Entries window in the order that they are listed (provided that the Include in auto search box for that entry has been checked). These options allow you to assign a special role to the default database when performing a search.

• Include at start of search order - means that the current default database will be searched first, before searching the listed databases.

• Include at end of search order - means that the current default database will be searched last, after searching the listed databases.

• Do not include in search - means that the current default database will not be searched unless it is already one of the listed databases.



Table 2-45: Database Registry

EViews 8 2-87


Table 2-46:

NAME DESCRIPTION



2-88 EViews 8

Chapter 2 Main Menu Windows

2.9 WindowsPlease refer to the following sections.

Table 2-47: Windows

NAME DESCRIPTION

Cascade

Close All

Toggle Command Docking

Swap Command- Edit Focus

Activate Next



EViews 8 2-89

Chapter 2 Main Menu Help

2.10 HelpPlease refer to the following sections.

Figure 2-75

2.10.1 EViews Help Topics...


2-90 EViews 8


Figure 2-76 EViews Help

EViews 8 2-91


2-92 EViews 8

Chapter 3 Workfiles

In this chapter:• All menus/commands/operations under the File tab

• Explains what a workfile

• Explains how to create a workfile

3.1 Workfile OverviewA workfile is simply a container for EViews objects (see Objects in Chapter 4, on page 4-1). Most of your work in EViews will involve objects that are contained in a workfile. The first step in any project will be to create a new workfile or to load an existing workfile into memory.

• Every workfile contains one or more workfile pages, each with its own objects.

• A workfile page may be thought of as a subworkfile or subdirectory that allows you to organize the data within the workfile.

• Treat a workfile page as though it were a workfile (just as a subdirectory is also a directory) since there is often no practical distinction between the two.

Figure 3-1 Workfile Features

Click here to create a new workfile page

Current Sample (click to change)

Click to scroll page tabs

Workfile Directory

Workfile Flange and Structure(click to structure or resize)

Title Bar Button Bar Current Filter (click to change)

Workfile page tabs (click to set active page)

3-1

Chapter 3 Workfiles Workfile Button Bar

3.2 Workfile Button Bar

Figure 3-2 Workfile Button Bar

3.2.1 View

Figure 3-3 Workfile - View

NOTE The terms “workfile” and “workfile page” may be used interchangeably.

Table 3-1: Workfile - View

NAME DESCRIPTION

Open Selected

3-2


3.2.2 Proc

Show... Click on the Show button on the toolbar, or select Quick/Show… from the menu and type in the object name or names.An alternative method of selecting and opening objects is to “show” the item.The Show button can also be used to display functions of series, also known as auto-series*.

•Showing an object works exactly as if you first selected the object or objects, and then opened your selection.

•If you enter a single object name in the dialog box, EViews will open The Object Window—73 the object as if you double clicked on the object name.

•If you enter multiple names, EViews will always open a single window to display results, creating a new object if necessary.

*All of the rules for auto-series that are outlined in “Database Auto-Series” on page 279 will apply.

Select All

Select All by Filter...

Deselect All

Details +/-

Display Filter

Name Display

Statistics

Label

Table 3-1: Workfile - View

3-3


Figure 3-4 Workfile - Proc

Table 3-2: Workfile - Proc

NAME DESCRIPTION

Set Sample

Structure/Resize Current Page...

Contract Current Page...

Reshape Current Page

Copy Extract Current Page

Sort Current Page...

Load Workfile Page...

Sqave Current Page...

Delete Current Page

Import

3-4


3.2.3 Object

Objects are collections of related information and operations that are bundled together into an easy-to-use unit. EViews holds all of its objects in object containers. The most important object container in EViews is the workfile, which is described in Chapter 3.“Workfile Basics,” beginning on page 33.

Figure 3-5 Workfile - Object

Export

Table 3-3: Workfile - Object

NAME DESCRIPTION

Table 3-2: Workfile - Proc

3-5


3.2.4 Print

New Object.. After you click on the Object/New Object… menu entry, you will see the New Object dialog box.

CONDITIONS:

•Until you have created or loaded a workfile, this selection is unavailable.

•To create an object, you must first make certain that you have an open workfile container and that its window is active.

Generate Series..

Manage Links & Formulas..

Fetch from DB..

Update selected from DB..

Copy selected...

Rename selected...

Delete selected...

Print selected...

Table 3-3: Workfile - Object

3-6


Figure 3-6 Workfile - Print

Figure 3-7 Print

Table 3-4: Workfile - Print

NAME DESCRIPTION

Destination Printer

Redirect

Filename

Properties

Text/Table options Text size

Percent

Orientation

Print Range Entire Table/Text

Current Selection

Table Options Box around tables

Include headers

OK

Cancel

3-7


3.2.5 Save

You should name and save your workfile for future use. Push the Save button on the workfile toolbar to save a copy of the workfile on disk. You can also save a file using the File/Save As… or File/Save… choices from the main menu. EViews will display the Windows common file dialog.

You can specify the target directory in the upper file menu labeled Save in. You can navigate between directories in the standard Windows fashion—click once on the down arrow to access a directory tree; double clicking on a directory name in the display area gives you a list of all the files and subdirectories in that directory. Once you have worked your way to the right directory, type the name you want to give the workfile in the File name field and push the Save button.

Alternatively, you could just type the full Windows path information and name in the File name edit field.

In most cases, you will save your data as an EViews workfile. By default, EViews will save your data in this format, using the specified name and the extension “.WF1”. You may, of course, choose to save the data in your workfile in a foreign data format by selecting a different format in the combo box. We explore the subject of saving foreign formats below in xxxxxx.

Figure 3-8 Workfile - Save

Table 3-5: Workfile Save

NAME DESCRIPTION

Single Precision The workfile is saved in 7 digit accuracy It is recommended for XXXXXXXXX

Double Precision The workfile is saved in 16 digit accuracy It is recommended for XXXXXXXXX

3-8


3.2.6 Details+/-

This command button toggles on and off an addition to the column headings Name, Last Update, and Description to the workfile directory.

Figure 3-9 Workfile - Details

3.2.7 Show

Click on the Show button on the toolbar, or select Quick/Show… from the menu and type in the object name or names. An alternative method of selecting and opening objects is to “show” the item.The Show button can also be used to display functions of series, also known as auto-series*.

Use Compression This option uses Winzip to compress the workfile before saving.

Prompt on each Save

Every time you save a workfile, a prompt will appear alerting you that XXXXX



Table 3-5: Workfile Save

3-9


Figure 3-10 Workfile - Show

Showing an object works exactly as if you first selected the object or objects, and then opened your selection.

IF THEN

You enter a single object name in the dialog box

EViews will open The Object Window—73 the object as if you double clicked on the object name.

You enter multiple names EViews will always open a single window to display results, creating a new object if necessary.

NOTE All of the rules for auto-series that are outlined in “Database Auto-Series” on page 279 will apply.

Table 3-6: Workfile - Show

NAME DESCRIPTION

Object to display in a single window


3-10


3.2.8 Fetch

To fetch objects into a workfile, select Workfile/Fetch from the workfile menu or toolbar. You will see a dialog box prompting you for additional information for the fetch.

Figure 3-11 Fetch

Table 3-7: Fetch

NAME DESCRIPTION




3-11


3.2.9 Store

Figure 3-12 Object - Store









Table 3-8:

NAME DESCRIPTION

Store G1 as:

Store in

Table 3-7: Fetch

3-12


3.2.10 Delete

Figure 3-13 Workfile -

Database alias or path

Browse This command will open a window to bring up the standard file Open dialog.

Yes Accepts all inputs and changes.

No Ends menu with no inputs or changes.

Table 3-9: Workfile -

NAME DESCRIPTION

Table 3-8:

3-13


3.2.11 Genr


3.2.12 Sample


NAME DESCRIPTION

Enter Equation

Sample


3-14

Chapter 3 Workfiles Creating a Workfile


3.3 Creating a Workfile

3.3.1 New Workfiles

There are three choices when it come to deciding on the type of workfile you may choose to create. They are:

• Dated - regular frequency - for simple time series dataset. EViews will prompt you to select a frequency for your data.

• Unstructured - unstructured data are simply data which use the default integer identifiers.You should choose the Unstructured type if your data

- is not a Dated- regular frequency

- you wish to create an undated workfile that uses the default identifiers or you will eventually define an advanced structure your data.


NAME DESCRIPTION

Sample range pairs

If condition

OK

Cancel

3-15


• Balanced Panel - this entry provides a simple method of describing a regular frequency panel data structure. Panel data is the term that is used to refer to data containing observations with both a group (cross-section) and time (within-group) identifiers.This entry may be used when you wish to create a balanced structure in which every cross section follows the same regular frequency with the same date observations.

3.3.2 To create a new workfile

1. Select File/New/Workfile... from the main menu to open the Workfile Create dialog box.

2. Locate the “Workfile structure type” dialog box to determine the underlying structure of your dataset. You will choose between these settings;

a. Dated - regular frequency - you may choose the following settings:

Figure 3-16 Workfile Create Menu- Dated regular frequency

NOTE Unbalanced panel workfiles or ones involving more complex panel structures should be created by first defining an unstructured workfile, and then applying a panel workfile structure.

3-16


NAME DESCRIPTION

3-17


hly

Date Specification This date information may be in the form of valid EViews date values, or it may be provided in numbers or strings which EViews will attempt to interpret as valid date values. When interpreting, EViews will attempt to create a new series containing the interpreted date values. If EViews is unable to translate your date information into date values, it will issue an error indicating that the date series has invalid values or that it is unable to interpret your date specification. You must either edit your date series, or structure your workfile as an undated workfile with an ID series.

In selecting a frequency, you set intervals between observations in your data. You may choose from the following settings:

•Multi-year,

•Annual

•Semi-annual,

•Quarterly,

• Mont

•Bimonthly,

•Fortnight,

•Ten-day,

•Weekly,

•Daily - 5 day week

•Daily - 7 day week

•Daily - custom week

•Intraday

•(Integer date (which is a generalization of a simple enumeration).

If, for example, you select the Daily -custom week frequency, the dialog will prompt you to provide a range for the days of the week in your custom week. You should use the Intraweek/Intraday range combo boxes to define a the start and end of the week.

If you choose the Intraday frequency you will be prompted to provide additional information about the structure of your observed days. You must provide information about the frequency of observations within the day, the days of the week for the days of the week for which you observe data, and the time, and the time range of observations within a day.

Start date: Choose a date in the format 00/00/00 00:00:00 as a beginning point for the project. The first part specifies the day/month/ year. The End date is also specified in hours. Alternately, the Time field denotes the hour/minute/second.

3-18


b. Unstructured - you may choose the following settings:

Figure 3-17 Workfile Create Menu- Unstructured/Undated

Workfile Name WF: Choose a name for the workfile. It can be any combination of alpha or numeric letters up to ____ characters.

Page: Choose the number of pages you want in the workfile. Minimum number is one and the maximum is _____.

NAME DESCRIPTION

Date Range Observations: this single field prompts you for the number of observations. Enter the number of observations, and click on OK to proceed. In many cases, the integer identifiers will be sufficient for you to work with your data. In more complicated settings, you may wish to further refine your identifiers. We describe this process in “Applying a Structure to a Workfile” on page 223.



3-19


3. When you click on OK, EViews will create a regular frequency workfile with the specified number of observations and the associated identifiers.

c. Balanced Panel - you may choose the following settings:

Figure 3-18 Workfile Create Menu- Balanced Panel

3-20


NAME DESCRIPTION

Date Specification You may choose from the following EViews standard supported settings:

• Multi-year,

• Annual

• Semi-annual,

• Quarterly,

• Monthly

• Bimonthly,

• Fortnight,

• Ten-day,

• Weekly,



• Daily - custom week

•Intraday)

• (Integer date (a special frequency which is a generalization of a simple enumeration)

• in selecting a frequency, you set intervals between observations in your data which allows EViews to use all available calendar information to organize and manage your data.



3-21


3.3.3 Creating a Workfile by Reading from a Foreign Data Source

The second method for creating an EViews workfile is to open a foreign (non-EViews format) data source and to read the data into an new EViews workfile.

EViews can create a new workfile by opening data from a variety of formats

(HTML, Excel ®, CSV, ASCII, RATS, Stata, SPSS, SAS, etc…). The program automatically recognize the format and structure of files.

One method to read foreign data into a new workfile is to:

1. Copy the foreign data source to the Windows clipboard, right click on the gray area in your EViews window.

2. Select Paste as new Workfile.

EViews will automatically create a new workfile containing the contents of the clipboard. This method is only practical for small amounts of data. Alternately, you may open a foreign data source as an EViews workfile.

There are two ways to proceed.

1. First, you may select File/Open/Foreign Data as Workfile..., to bring up the standard file Open dialog.

Figure 3-19 Open File Dialog Box

2. Clicking on the Files of type combo box brings up a list of the file types that EViews currently supports for opening a workfile.

3-22


Figure 3-20 Workfile Create


3. Select a file type to narrow the list of files in the dialog, then choose the file you wish to open.

3-23



4. Select OK. EViews will open the specified foreign data as an EViews workfile.

If you choose one of the remaining source types, EViews will create a new unstructured workfile.

• First, EViews will open a series of dialogs prompting you to describe and select data to be read.

• The data will be read into the new workfile, which will be resized to fit.

NOTE Please review the following:

• If you select a time series database file (e.g., Aremos TSD, GiveWin/Pc-Give, Rats 4.x, Rats Portable, TSP Portable), EViews will create a new, regular frequency workfile containing the contents of the entire file.

• If there are mixed frequencies in the database, EViews will select the lowest frequency, and convert all of the series to that frequency using the default conversion settings (we emphasize here that all of these database formats may also be opened as databases by selecting File/Open/Database... and filling out the dialogs, allowing for additional control over the series to be read, the new workfile frequency, and any frequency conversion).

If Then

If possible EViews will attempt to structure the workfile using information in the file.

If this is not possible but you still wish to apply a specific workfile structure with these data,

You will have to define a structured workfile using the advanced workfile structure tools (see “Structuring a Workfile” on page 213).

3-24


3.3.4 Creating a Workfile from an Excel File

The easiest way to create a workfile is to drag/drop the file onto EViews desktop. A “+” (plus) “Copy” sign appears when the file is in the appropriate area Excel Read dialog appears. In most cases (including this one), clicking Finish on this dialog will load the data EViews scans the Excel file to determine the structure. EViews will successfully open the file. Each of the Excel columns is now an individual series EViews created an undated workfile (with 50 observations) since there were

no date columns in Excel

Another way to create a workfile is to:

1. Click File → Open → Foreign Data as Workfile.

2. Select the directory where the Excel file is stored and open file.

Open File Dialog Box

3. The Excel Read dialog appears again.

Figure 3-23 Workfile Create - Excel

3-25


4. Click on Finish to complete the file transfer. If you want to make changes to the file use the following table to select changes the parameters. Select Next to access the next menu.

Figure 3-24 Workfile Create - Excel

NAME DESCRIPTION

Cell range Predefined Cell Range

Custom Range

Sheet

End cell

Transpose

Next/Back

Finish

Cancel

3-26


5. Click Finish to load the data

EViews automatically detected that the source data was a time series. You can see that the Range at the top of the workfile correctly shows the date format of the file.

NAME DESCRIPTION

Column headers Header lines:

Header type:

Column info Name:

Description:

Data type

Text Representing N/A

3-27


3-28

Chapter 4 Objects Objects Overview

Chapter 4 Objects

In this chapter:• All menus/commands/operations under the Objects tab

• Explains what a Object is and how to make them

4.1 Objects OverviewCentral to the EViews program design is the concept of an object. They are collections of related information and operations that are bundled together into a unit. Most of your work will involve using or changing objects.

EViews holds all of its objects in object containers. The most important object container in EViews is the workfile, which is described in Chapter 2.

4.1.1 Description

Information in EViews is stored in objects. Each object consists of a collection of information related to a particular area of analysis. For example;

• a series object is a collection of information related to a set of observations on a particular variable

• an equation object is a collection of information related to the relationship between a collection of variables.

EViews uses an object oriented design. Associated with each type of object is a set of views and procedures which can be used with the information contained in the object.

The object oriented design simplifies your work in EViews by organizing information as you work. For example, an equation object contains all of the information relevant to an estimated relationship. You can;

• move freely between a variety of equation specifications simply by working with different equation objects

• examine results, perform hypothesis and specification tests, or generate forecasts at any time

• managing your work is simplified since only a single object is used to work with an entire collection of data and results.

Each object has a button bar that provides you with easy access to useful workfile operations. These buttons are simply shortcuts to items that may be accessed from the main EViews menu. For example, the clicking on the Fetch button is equivalent to selecting Object/Fetch from DB... from the main menu.

EViews 8 4-1


Figure 4-1 Object Components

4.1.2 Object Types

The most common objects in EViews are series and equation objects. There are 25 different types of objects, each of which serves a unique function. Objects are represented by a unique icon which is displayed in the object container (workfile or database) window. The basic object icons are given by:

NAME DESCRIPTION

Alpha

Coef

Symbol indicates the type of Object and if active

Title Bar Button Bar Equation Window

4-2 EViews 8


Equation

Factor

Graph

Group

Logl

Matrix

Model

Pool

Row vector

Sample

Scalar

Series

Spool

S space

String

S vector

EViews 8 4-3


Despite the fact that they are also objects, object containers do not have icons since they cannot be placed in other object containers—thus, workfiles and databases do not have icons since they cannot be placed in other workfiles or databases.

Note also that there are special icons that correspond to special versions of the objects:

Symbol

System

Table

Text

Var

Vector

Auto-updating Series If you set a series object to be auto-updating (see ), EViews will use the special icon to indicate that the series depends upon a formula. In contrast, an auto-updating alpha series (which we imagine to be less common) uses the original alpha icon, with an orange color to indicate the presence of a formula.

Group data and definitions (in databases)

When group data are stored in databases, you will be given the option of storing the group definition (list of series names) alone, or both the group definition and the series contained in the group (see ). If the latter are stored, the standard group icon will be modified, with the “+” indicating the additional presence of the series data.

Undefined Link Lastly, a link object (see ), is always in one of three states, depending upon the definition contained in the link.

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Chapter 4 Objects Object Definitions

4.2 Object Definitions

4.2.1 Equation - Workfile

Figure 4-2 Workfile - Equation

IF THEN

The link is to a numeric source series

the link object is displayed using a series icon, since it may be used as though it were an ordinary series, with a distinctive pink color used to indicate that the object depends on linked data.

The link is to an alpha source series

the link will show up as an alpha series icon, again in pink.

The link object is unable to locate the source series

EViews will display the “?” icon indicating that the series type is unknown.

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4.2.1.1 View

This menu provides

Figure 4-3 Object - View

Table 4-1: Object - View

NAME DESCRIPTION

Spreadsheet

Graph...

Descriptive Statistics & Tests

One-Way Tabulation...

Correlogram...

Long Run Variance...

Unit Root Test...

Variance Ratio Test...

BDS Independence Test...

Label

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4.2.1.2 Proc

This menu provides

Figure 4-4 Object - Proc

Table 4-2: Object - Proc

NAME DESCRIPTION

Generate by Equation...

Generate by Classification...

Resample...

Interpolate...

Seasonal Adjustment

Exponential Smoothing

Hodrick-Prescott Filter...

Make Whitened...

Make Distribution Plot Data...

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4.2.1.3 Object

This menu provides

Figure 4-5 Object - Object

Add-ins

Table 4-3: Object - Object

NAME DESCRIPTION

Store to DB... When you are working with an object, you can place it in a data bank or database file by clicking on the Object/ Store to DB… button on the object's toolbar or menu. EViews will prompt you for additional information.

Update from DB...

Copy Object...

Name...

Delete

Freeze Output

Print

View Options

Table 4-2: Object - Proc

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4.2.1.4 Properties

This menu provides four different menu choices to

4.2.1.4.1 Display

Figure 4-6 Object - Properties - Display

Table 4-4: Object - Properties - Display

NAME DESCRIPTION

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4.2.1.4.2 Values

Figure 4-7 Object - Properties - Values

4.2.1.4.3 Freq Convert

Table 4-5: Object - Properties - Values

NAME DESCRIPTION

Series Values Numeric data

Formula

Database Link

OK

Cancel

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Figure 4-8 Object - Properties - Freq Convert

Table 4-6: Object - Properties - Freq Convert

NAME DESCRIPTION

High to low frequency conversion method

Low to High frequency conversion method

OK

Cancel

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4.2.1.4.4 Value Map

Figure 4-9 Object - Properties - Value Map

4.2.1.5 Print

The print dialog box allows you access the particular characteristics of the selected printer and specify how the printer should perform the job. For example, if the selected printer can print the document or redirect the file to exported in another format.

Table 4-7: Object - Properties - Value Map

NAME DESCRIPTION

ValMap name

OK

Cancel

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Figure 4-10 Object - Print

Table 4-8: Object - Print

NAME DESCRIPTION

Destination Printer; The print dialog box allows you to select a printer if more than one is available.

Redirect

Filename

Properties; gives you the option of creating an XPS document, changing the orientation (landscape vs. portrait), paper size, and resolution.

Text/Table options Text size

Percent

Orientation

Print Range Entire Table/Text; The user can decide either to print the whole document, to print a range of pages, or to print a portion of the document that was previously selected.

Current Selection

Table Options Box around tables

Include headers

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4.2.1.6 Name

Figure 4-11 Object - Name

4.2.1.7 Freeze

4.2.1.8 Estimate




NAME DESCRIPTION

Name to indentify object

Display name for labeling tables and graphs

OK

Cancel

Table 4-8: Object - Print

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4.2.1.9 Forecast

4.2.1.10 Stats

4.2.2 Series - Workfile

Figure 4-12 Workfile - Series

NAME DESCRIPTION

View

Proc

Object

Properties

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4.2.3 Graph - Workfile

Figure 4-13 Workfile - Graph

Print

Name

Freeze

Sort

Edit+/-

Smpl+/-

Label+/-

Wide+/-

Sample

Genr

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NAME DESCRIPTION

View

Proc

Object

Print

Name

Freeze

Option

Update

Add Text

Line/Shade

Remove

Template

Zoom

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new book 10-19-12

Documents

copyextract current

structureresize current

sort current page

current page2

load workfile page

store selected

tsd file import

tsd file export