neuromuscular microstimulators
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Neuromuscular Microstimulators. Chris MorinoBME 281. Neuroplasticity. The brain ability to actively rewire itself in response to external stimuli This ability inspired people to create the microstimulator. History. 1960 Liberson ’ s drop foot stimulator - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Neuromuscular Microstimulators
Chris Morino BME 281
Neuroplasticity The brain ability to actively
rewire itself in response to external stimuli
This ability inspired people to create the microstimulator
History 1960 Liberson’s drop foot stimulator 1989 AMF began working on the mircostimulator late 1990s Mayo clinic performs Occipital nerve stimulation
for medically refractory headache pain 2008 AMF develops working prototypes of injectable
microstimulators without exoskeleton system
Old New
Old verse new
How does it work? Send little electrical shocks to muscles to induce movement Contains the pulse generator and the electrode together in a
package the size of a matchstick Controlled wirelessly with a cell phone like controller that tells
each independent implant when to stimulate
Inside look
Different types
How is it implanted? Bion insertion tool Makes the small implants
into precisely localized sites within the body a simple task for surgeons
Reason for Microstimulartors Over 32 million (70% women) suffer from migraines 11, 000 suffer a spinal cord injury 750,000 people suffer a stroke 5.3 million with after affects of traumatic brain injury
What they have to offer Can be implanted directly
into the damage muscle tissue
Helps reteach the brain how to reuse damaged muscles
No side affects for having it implanted for long period of time
Experimentation Alfred Mann Foundation funded research for this device Dr. Ross Davis responsible for the implantation Dr. Daniel Merrill consultant on the research Goal: to examine the effect of home based electrical
stimulation using closed- loop control of implanted microstimulators on upper limb function
Results 5 out of 6 patients said it changed their lives Over a 12 week period patients had dramatic change Improved their function with the impaired upper limbs Although external components were inconvenient for patients
Availability The internal device is unfortunately restricted to
investigational use only Although similar experiments were performed in the United
Kingdom using the internal device Results came back positive after 12 weeks of stimulating
Future Working on stimulators that can also sense changes in
pressure, limb angle, muscle activity and temperature Application for lower extremities Get past the investigative stage in the United States to truly
tap the potential this device is capable of.
References URI BME 281 BME Seminar II <www.ele.uri.edu/courses/bme281>. Burridge, Jane H., Ruth Turk, Daniel Merrill, Bridget Dibb, Ann-Marie
Hughes, Owen Sparrow, Helen Roberts, and Ross Davis. "A Personalized Sensor-Controlled Microstimulator System for Arm Rehabilitation Poststroke. Part 2: Objective Outcomes and Patients' Perspectives." Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface (2010): No. Print.
"Microstimulators Hold Promise for Some Medically Refractory Headaches."Microstimulators Hold Promise for Some Medically Refractory Headaches. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013.
http://aemf.org/our-research/current-focus/neuromuscular-disorders/ "SpringerImages." SpringerImages. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10439-009-9739-5