networks copy
TRANSCRIPT
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COMPUTER NETWORKS
MADE BY AMAN GOELCLASS --IX-F
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 2
• COMPUTER NETWORKS• LAN, MAN & WAN• APPLICATIONS OF NETWORKS• NETWORK TOPOLOGY BUS TOPOLogySTAR TOPOLOGY TREE TOPOLOGY RING TOPOLOGYMESH TOPOLOGY
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 3
COMPUTER NETWORKS• Computer netwo
rk connects two or more autonomous computers
• The computers can be geographically located anywhere.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 4
LAN, MAN & WAN• Network in small
geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network)
• Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network)
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 5
Applications of NetworksResource Sharing
Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers)Software (application software)
Information SharingEasy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases)Search Capability (WWW)
CommunicationEmailMessage broadcast
Remote computingDistributed processing (GRID Computing)
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 6
NETWORK TOPOLOGY• The network
topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected. A network topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as the paths used by data transmissions.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 7
TOPOLOGIES
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 8
TOPOLOGIES
Bus
Tree
MeshRing
Star
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 9
Bus Topology• Commonly referred to as a linear bus, all the
devices on a bus topology are connected by one single cable.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 10
STAR TOPOLOGYThe star topology is the most commonly used architecture in Ethernet LANs. When installed, the star topology resembles spokes in a bicycle wheel.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 11
TREE TOPOLOGY• Larger networks use the
extended star topology also called tree topology. When used with network devices that filter frames or packets, like bridges, switches, and routers, this topology significantly reduces the traffic on the wires by sending packets only to the wires of the destination host.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 12
RING TOPOLOGYA frame travels around the ring, stopping at each node. If a node wants to transmit data, it adds the data as well as the destination address to the frame. The frame then continues around the ring until it finds the destination node, which takes the data out of the frame.
Single ring – All the devices on the network share a single cable Dual ring – The dual ring topology allows data to be sent in both directions.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 13
RING TOPOLOGY
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 14
Ring Topology
Single RingDual Ring
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 15
MESH TOPOLOGYThe mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance. It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission critical networks like those used by banks and financial institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and difficult.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 16
Computers: Clients and ServersIn a client/server network arrangement, network services are located in a dedicated computer whose only function is to respond to the requests of clients.
The server contains the file, print, application, security, and other services in a central computer that is continuously available to respond to client requests.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 17
IMAGES FOR CLIENTS AND
SERVER
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 18
Networking Devices• HUB, Switches, Routers, Wireless Access
Points, Modems etc.
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COMPUTER NETWORKS 19
NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS