network operating system first home work

8/8/2019 Network Operating System First Home Work

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ASSIGNMENT: - 1

BY: - NARINDER PAL

CLASS: - MSC (cs)

DEPARTMENT: - COMPUTER SCINCE

SUBJECT NAME: - Network Operating System

Part- AQ.1 Find out the configuration and minimum s requirement for all 4 flavours

of Windows 2003 Server?

ANS : - INTRODUCTION OF WINDOWS SERVER : -

Windows Server 2003

comes in a number of editions, each targeted towards a particular size and type of

business. In general, all variants of Windows Server 2003 have the ability to share

files and printers, act as an application server, and host message queues, provide

email services, authenticate users, act as an server -oriented functions.

Flavours Of Windows 2003 Server : -

1) Web Edition

2) Standard Edition

3) Enterprise Edition

4) Datacenter Edition


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Sleep time - Causes the command interpreter to pause for the specified

number of seconds.

cp - Copy files

cp my file your file

Copy the files "my file" to the file "your file" in the current working

directory. This command will create the file "your file" if it doesn't exist. It

will normally overwrite it without warning if it exists.

chmod command

A utility that changes the permission of a file.

Usage

chmod [-r] permissions filenames r Change the permission on files that are

in the subdirectories of the directory that you are currently in. permission

Specifies the rights that are being granted. Below is the different rights that

you can grant in an alpha numeric format.filenames File or directory that

you are associating the rights with Permissions

u - User who owns the file.

g - Group that owns the file.

o - Other.a - All.

r - Read the file.

w - Write or edit the file.

x - Execute or run the file as a program.

chown command

A utility used to change file ownership.

Usage

chown [OPTION] OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE

chown [OPTION] :GROUP FILE

chown [OPTION] --reference=RFILE FILE


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sudo command

Allows to system administrator to give certain users (or groups of users) the

ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while logging

the commands and arguments aka "superuser do."

ls command

The ls command shows information about files. With i t, system

administrators can list the contents of a directory in order to determine

when the configurations files were last edited. There are many

subcommands under ls, such as ls-r, which can reverse the order in which

files are displayed.

exit command

Allows you to exit from a program, shell or Linux network.

Q3: - Install windows 2003 Enterprise Edition and Record the completeprocedure .

ANS: - Install windows 2003 Enterprise : - Window server 2003 installation

from a CD by booting your computer with the CD.

Start the computer from the CD.

You can press F6 if you need to install additional SCSI adapters or other mass -

storage devices. If you do you will be asked to supply a floppy disk with the

drivers and you CANNOT browse it (or a CD for that matter). Make sure you

have one handy.

Setup will load all the needed files and drivers.


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Select To Setup Windows Server 2003 Now. If you want, and if you have a

previous installation of the OS, you can try to fix it by pressing R. If not, just

press ENTER.

Read and accept the licensing agreement and press F8 if you accept it.

Select or create the partition on which you will install Windows Server 2003.Depending upon your existing disk configuration choose one of the following:

If the hard disk is unpartitioned, you can create and size the partition on which

you will install Windows Server 2003.

If the hard disk is already partitioned, but has enough unpartitioned disk space,

you can create an additional partition in the unpartitioned space. If the hard disk already has a partition that is large enough, you can install

Windows Server 2003 on that partition. If the partition has an existing

operating system, you will overwrite that operating system if you accept the

default installation path. However, files other than the operating system files,

such as program files and data files, will not be overwritten.

If you select a new partition during Setup, create and size only the partition on

which you will install Windows Server 2003. After installation, use Disk

Management to partition the remaining space on the hard disk. Windows Server 2003 supports the NTFS file system in addition to the file

allocation table (FAT) and FAT32 file systems. Windows Server 2003,

Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000, and Windows NT are the only


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Microsoft operating systems that you can use to gain access to data on a local

hard disk that is formatted with NTFS. If you plan to gain access to files that

are on a local Windows Server 2003 partition with the Microsoft Windows 95

or Windows 98 operating systems, you should format the partition with a FAT

or FAT32 file system. We will use NTFS.

Setup will then begin copying necessary files from the installation point (CD,

local I386 or network share). Note: If you began the installation process from an MS-DOS floppy, make sure

you have and run SMARTDRV from the floppy, otherwise the copying processwill probably last more than an hour, perhaps even more. With SMARTDRV

(or if setup was run by booting from CD) the copying will probably last a few

minutes, no more than 5 max.

The computer will restart in graphical mode, and the installation will continue.

The setup process reboots and loads a GUI mode phase.

It will then begin to load device drivers based upon what it finds on yo ur

computer. You don't need to do anything at this stage.

Click Customize to change regional settings, if necessary.


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Current System Locale - Affects how programs display dates, times, currency,

and numbers. Choose the locale that matches your location, f or example,

French (Canada). Current Keyboard Layout - Accommodates the special characters and symbols

used in different languages. Your keyboard layout determines which characters

appear when you press keys on the keyboard. If you don't need to make any changes just press Next.

If you do need to make changes press Customize and add your System Locale

etc.

Note for Hebrew users: Unlike W2K, it is SAFE and it is OK for you to

install Hebrew language support at this phase.

Type your name and organization.

Type the product key.

Enter the appropriate license type and number of purchased licenses.

Type the computer name and a password for the local Administrator account.

The local Administrator account resides in the SAM of the computer, not in


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Active Directory. If you will be installing in a domain, you need either a pre -

assigned computer name for which a domain account has been created, or the

right to create a computer account within the domain.

If you enter a password that is blank or does not match the required complexity

settings you will get a warning message.

Select the date, time, and time zone settings.

Setup will now install the networking components.

If you're a stand-alone computer, or if you don't know what to enter, or if you

don't have the sufficient rights to join a domain - leave the default entry

selected and press next.

If you want to join a domain (NT 4.0 domain of W2K/2003 Active Directory

domain) enter the domain's name in the "Yes, make this computer a member of

the following domain" box.


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To successfully join a domain you need the following:

The person performing the installation must have a user account in ActiveDirectory. This account does not need to be the domain Administrator account.

The person performing the installation must have appropriate permission to

create a domain account for the computer during installation.

Setup finishes and boots Windows Server 2003.

Enter your user name and password to login .

Q4. Compare & contrast between Windows vs. Linux Operating system?

ANS : - INTRODUCTION OF Windows AND Linux : -

Linux and Windows

are operating systems. An operating system is the most important program that

runs on a computer. Every general -purpose computer must have an operating

system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as

recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen,

keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling the hardware of

our system devices such as disk drives and printers etc.

Compression between windows and Linux:-

Windows Linux

1) All flavors of Windows 1) Linux come from different


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come from Microsoft.

2) Windows has low

sequerty.

3) in windows the user saves

his files anywhere in the

drive.

4) In windows we often use

mouse.

5) Windows is not free

software Windows Vista

Ultimate costs $398.99 at

the time of writing.

Companies that pay a

licensing annually could

have used the money for

other things like buying

an additional server to

reduce the load or evengive a bigger bonus to its

loyal employees.

6) Windows on the other

hand makes you lock your

own data in secret formats

that can only be accessed

with tools leased to you at

the vendors price.

7) MS Windows is based on

DOS MS Windows

Graphical User Interface

companies like LIndows,

Lycoris, RedHat, SuSe,

Mandrake ,Knopping,

Slackware.

2) Linux has high security.

3) In Linux each user will

have a home directory and

all his files will be save

under it.

4) When linux is properly

installed, there no longer a

need to use the mouse.

Chances of you using a

mouse is close to zero.

5) Linux is 100% free we

cant need for licence.

6) Linux file formats can be

accessed in a variety of ways because they are

free.

7) Linux is based on UNIX.

Linux GUI is based on

industry-standard

network-transparent X-

Windows.

8) Linux beats Windows

hands down on network

features, as a development

platform, in data


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(GUI) is based on

Microsoft-own

marketing-driven

specifications.

8) MS Windows desktop has

a more polished

appearance, simple

general business

applications, and many

more games for kids (less

intellectual games

compared to linuxs).

9) Windows is not

customizable.

10) Windows must

boot from a primary

partition.

11) Windows allows programs to store user

information (files and

settings) anywhere in the

drive.

processing capabilities,

and as a scientific

workstation.

9) Linux is customizable in

a way that Windows is

not. For example, NASlite

is a version of Linux that

runs off a single floppy

disk and converts an old

computer into a file

server. This ultra small

edition of Linux is

capable of networking,

file sharing and being a

web server.

10) Linux can boot

from either a primary

partition or a logical partition inside an

extended partition.

Windows must boot from

the first hard disk. Linux

can boot from any hard

disk in the computer.

11) In Linux each user will have a home

directory and all his files

will be save under it.


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Part- B

Q5:- Whats need of dual boot system? What is the role of boot loaders?

ANS: - Introduction of Dual Boot System : -

It is possible to have more than

one operating system installed on a computer at once. While only one operatingsystem can be run at once, you may choose which one to start when the computer is initially turned on. This is called dual-booting.

Advantages of dual-booting:-

1) You can boot into Windows if you need to use a Windows-specificapplication else you boot on another OS.

2) You can gradually switch to another operating system one step at a

time.Disadvantages of dual-booting :-

1) As two operating systems are installed, they can take up a large amount of hard disk space.

2) Upgrading to another version of Windows can cause the dual -bootconfiguration to break.

3) Start-up time is slightly increased.

4) More complicated than just running one operating system.

Role Of Boot Loaders : -

A boot loader is the first software program that runs

when a computer starts. It is responsible for loading and transferring control to the


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service Pack2. Registered to :- Lovely

76487-640-6414436-23006

COMPUTER

Ram: -512(496)MB. Processor: -Intel(R) Pentium(r) D CPU 2.66GHz. Mouse & key board: - HCL. Hard disk: -40GB.

Communicating devices:- Server Router Switches

Server: -

The server is main computer who provides the services to our

users. The server linked to other computers or electronic devices together. They

often provide essential services across a network, either to private users inside alarge organization (LPU) or to public users via the internet.

For example, when you enter a query in a search engine, the query is sent from

your computer over the internet to the servers that stor e all the relevant web pages.

The results are sent back by the server to your computer. Many servers have

dedicated functionality such as web servers, print servers, and database servers.

Router : -A router is a networking device whose software and hardware are

customized to the tasks of routing and forwarding information. Routers connect

two or more logical subnets, each having a different network address. The subnets

in the router do not necessarily map one-to-one to the physical interfaces of the


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router. The term "layer 3 switching" is often used interchangeably with the term

"routing". The term switching is generally used to refer to data forwarding

between two network devices with the same network address. This is also called

layer 2 switching or LAN switching.

Switches: -

A network switch or switching hub is a computer networking

device that connects network segments switch plays an integral part in most

Ethernet local area networks or LANs. Mid-to-large sized LANs contain a number

of linked managed switches. Small library , office/home office applications

typically use a single switch or an all -purpose converged device such as a gateway

access to small office/home broadband services such as DSL router or cable Wi-Fi

router. In most of these cases, the end-user device contains the Linksys 8-port and

48-port devices.

Q7. Join 2 computers to the domain and record the procedure.

ANS: - Connecting Two Computers with Each Other :-

Two computers with a network card installed in each one of them

Creating the Active Directory After you have installed Windows Server 2003 on astand-alone server, run the Active Directory Wizard to create the new ActiveDirectory forest or domain, and then convert the Windows Server 2003 computer

into the first domain controller in the forest. To convert a Windows Server 2003computer into the first domain controller in the forest, follow these steps:

1. Insert the Windows Server 2003 CD-ROM into your computer's CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.


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2. Click Start, click Run, and then type dcpromo.

3. Click OK to start the Active Directory Installation Wizard, and then click Next.

4. Click Domain controller for a new domain, and then click Next.

5. Click Domain in a new forest, and then click Next.

6. Specify the full DNS name for the new domain. Note that because this procedure is for a laboratory environment and you are not integrating thisenvironment into your existing DNS infrastructure, you can use somethinggeneric, such as mycompany.local, for this setting. Click

Next.

7. Accept the default domain NetBIOS name (this is "mycompany" if you usedthe suggestion in

step 6). Click Next.

8. Set the database and log file location to the default setting of the c:\winnt\ntdsfolder, and then click Next.

9. Set the Sysvol folder location to the default setting of the c: \winnt\sysvolfolder, and then click next.

10. Click Install and configure the DNS server on this computer, and then click next.

11. Click Permissions compatible only with Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 servers or operating systems, and then click Next.

12. Because this is a laboratory environment, leave the password for the

Directory Services Restore Mode Administrator blank. Note that in a full production environment, this password is set by using a secure password format.Click Next.

13. Review and confirm the options that you selected, and then click Next.


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14. The installation of Active Directory proceeds. Note that this operation maytake several minutes.

15. When you are prompted, restart the computer. After the computer restarts,confirm that the Domain Name System (DNS) service location records for the

new domain controller have been created. To confirm that the DNS servicelocation records have been created, follow these steps:

1. Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to start theDNS Administrator Console.

2. Expand the server name, expand Forward Lookup Zones, and then expandthe domain.

3. Verify that the _msdcs, _sites, _tcp, and _udp folders are present. Thesefolders and the service location records they contain are critical to ActiveDirectory and Windows Server 2003 operations.

1. To create a new user, follow these steps:

1. Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Active DirectoryUsers and Computers to start the Active Directory Users and Computers console.

2. Click the domain name that you created, and then exp and the contents.

3. Right-click Users, point to New, and then click User.

4. Type the first name, last name, and user logon name of the new user, andthen click

Next.

5. Type a new password, confirm the password, and then click to select oneof the following check boxes:

* Users must change password at next logon (recommended for mostusers)

* User cannot change password


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* Password never expires

* Account is disabled

Click Next.

6. Review the information that you provided, and if everything is correct,click

Finish.

2. After you create the new user, give this user account m embership in a groupthat permits that user to perform administrative tasks. Because this is a laboratoryenvironment that you are in control of, you can give this user account fulladministrative access by making it a member of the Schema, Enterprise, andDomain administrators groups. To add the account to the Schema, Enterprise, andDomain administrators groups, follow these steps:

1. On the Active Directory Users and Computers console, right -click thenew account that you created, and then click Properties.

2. Click the Member Of tab, and then click Add.

3. In the Select Groups dialog box, specify a group, and then click OK to add

the groups that you want to the list.

4. Repeat the selection process for each group in wh ich the user needsaccount membership.

5. Click OK to finish.

3. The final step in this process is to add a member server to the domain. This process also applies to workstations. To add a computer to the domain, followthese steps:

1. Log on to the computer that you want to add to the domain.

2. Right-click My Computer, and then click Properties.

3. Click the Computer Name tab, and then click Change.


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4. In the Computer Name Changes dialog box, click Domain un der Member Of, and then type the domain name. Click OK.

5. When you are prompted, type the user name and password of the accountthat you previously created, and then click OK.

A message that welcomes you to the domain is generated.

6. Click OK to return to the Computer Name tab, and then click OK tofinish.

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