network engineering taster day mark clements. 30 march 2012engineering taster day 2 welcome to...

Network Engineering Taster Day

Mark Clements

30 March 2012 Engineering Taster Day2

Welcome to Engineering Taster Day:Morning Session

Ambassadors Fire alarms Emergency exits Gathering points Toilets Breaks


Today :

Network Design Methodology. Preliminary processes. Modular Design. Modular options. Wiring Closet choices. Vertical Cabling issues. When to use fibre optic cabling. Power problems & solutions.


Network Design Methodology

1. Gather network requirements

2. Document the logical and physical network implementation.

3. Design layer 1, 2 and 3 structures.

4. Carry out analysis of user requirements.

5. Gather users’ requirements and expectations.– Users, skills, attitudes towards IT.

– Mission-critical data & operations.

– Protocols allowed on network.

We shall concentrate on the first FOUR parts of this methodology.


Design process includes

Designer - person doing the design. Client - person paying for the design. User(s) - person(s) who will be using the product . Brainstorming – the generation of ideas Specifications development - to meet client

objectives and satisfy certain standards. Building and testing – measuring performance to

gauge how well the design works.


Required Documentation

Engineering journal. Logical topology. Physical topology. Labelled outlets. Labelled cable runs. Summary of outlets and cable runs. Cut sheets.


The Network Choice

The de facto current network implementation of choice will be Ethernet.

100BASE-TX available – 100Mbps. Always use at least 100BASE-TX or FX for

vertical cabling. Begin with physical layer design.

– Layer 2 & 3 design comes later.


Modular Design

This approach divides a system into small modules (parts).

Each module can be designed separately. Makes design and testing easier. Good for replicated items e.g., the network

on several floors of a building.


Network Layers

Layer 1 is the cables (or wireless links). Layer 2 is responsible for the transfer of data

between adjacent network nodes (e.g., PC to switch).

Layer 3 is responsible for data transfer between a source host on one network to a destination host on a different network.


Design Groups

At this point, you should begin thinking about splitting into smaller groups to carry out your design.

– Cabling of individual floors of buildings.– Cabling between floors of buildings.– Cabling between buildings.– Costing and time estimation.

You need to do this before the afternoon sessions

3


Cabling a floor of a building (logical design)

1


Cabling a floor of a building (physical design)

Horizontal cabling uses

Category 6 cabling (Cat 6).

An individual length of

copper cable can only run

for 100 metres in an

Ethernet environment.

Good up to 1000 Mbps.

See ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-

10 specifications.


Horizontal Cabling

Horizontal Cross Connect (HCC).

One floor only. Patch panels. Patch cords (jumpers). Don’t exceed 100m. Use Cat 6 cabling.


Layer 1 alternative - wireless

WiFi can be used to provide end users with connectivity.

Good for listed buildings. Quick to install. Good for laptops, tablets, smartphones. Can give poor coverage if poorly designed. Electrical interference can limit the data rate. Not used to link buildings or floors together.


Cabling between floors of a building

Main Distribution Frame Main Distribution Frame (MDF) on centre floor.(MDF) on centre floor.

Intermediate Distribution Intermediate Distribution Frames (IDFs) on other Frames (IDFs) on other floors.floors.

Point of Presence (POP) Point of Presence (POP) connected to MDF.connected to MDF.

Vertical cabling used Vertical cabling used here.here.


Cabling between floors - fibre


Wiring Closets (MDF and IDF)

Careful choice required for MDF & IDFs. For today, assume that a closet is available in the

centre of each building. Large enough for all equipment. Lighting, power, door size. Horizontal cabling not to exceed 90m.

– If it exceeds 90m, install an IDF. Heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) issues . Floor strength is important.


Wiring Closets 2

At least 2 fire rated plywood covered walls Raised floor desirable or tiled, painted concrete etc –

no carpet Near POP – connection to Internet 21° C and 30% – 50% humidity Good lighting & power supply 0.9m door must swing outwards Lock to be outside, but allow anyone inside to get out


Cabling between Buildings - Fibre Optic

Solves grounding problems.

Avoids lightning problems.

High data rate. Expensive!


Extended Star Topology 2


Backbone (Vertical) Cabling Runs

Maximum distances for vertical cabling are shown in the table below.


Costings

Assume the following prices for network components: PC £500. 24-port switch £400. 2811 router with 4 serial ports £1200. Linksys WRT300N Wireless-N Router £200. Cat 6 cabling per metre £0.20. Cat 6 installation & termination £0.20 per metre. Double the above cabling costs for fibre optic cabling. Cable outlets (2-way) £2.00 2m Ethernet patch/outlet cable £2.00


Conclusion

Gather user requirements & analyse Brainstorm ideas & use design process Document all work Follow cabling regulations, no more than

100m for metallic Cat 6 cable Choose wiring closets carefully Use fibre for backbones, vertical cabling and

between buildings to avoid power problems


References

1. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_fYpiec4PxIc/TJrIk3OW37I/AAAAAAAAABI/K0ujZU1QJac/s1600/star.jpg

2. http://www.techonlineindia.com/Libraries/tol/Joe3.sflb.ashx

3. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_8rA8izP54U4/SFadBFotFNI/AAAAAAAAAM0/089fMDFIsFk/s400/alan_sugar_pitcrew_01.jpg

network engineering taster day mark clements. 30 march 2012engineering taster day 2 welcome to...

Documents

engineering taster daylayer

design layer

physical layer design

design works

building logical design

different network

cabling cat

adjacent network nodes