nerm 2006: introduction to the future of scholarly communication
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NERM 2006: The Future of Scholarly Communications
Introduction to Scholarly
CommunicationsElizabeth [email protected] University LibrariesFriday, October 6, 2006
Overview of Scholarly Communications1. Timeline for developments in Scholarly
Communications2. Evolution of Scholarship3. What has driven this evolution?4. Constituencies affected by change 5. Why should you care? How will this affect
research?6. Future trends in Scholarly Communications7. Resources / Web Sites / Initiatives
1. Timeline for developments in Scholarly Communications
1665 First scholarly journal published
1675 Introduction of peer review
1969 ARPAnet created (Birth of the internet)
1991 Creation of arXiv.org at Los Alamos
Early 1990s Science “serials crisis”
1995 First scholarly electronic journal online
1999-2000 Electronic journal archives available online
2002 Open Access movement begins
2006 Open Peer Review
2. Evolution of ScholarshipManuscripts – hand-written, hand-lettered texts
Printed text
Electronic text adapted and converted from print
Electronic text “born digital” and converted to print
Electronic only text
3. What has driven this evolution?Academic:Serials crisis of the early 1990’s – high journal costsRise of interdisciplinary researchChannels of communication among researchers have changed
Technological:Growth of the internetLow cost of digitization of print materialsOpen source software movementRise of Social Software and Web 2.0 tools
3. What has driven this evolution?Advocacy:
Greater awareness of copyright and intellectual property rights
Movement to make publicly funded research available to all
Discussion on maintaining author rights to published research articles
Creation of institutional repositories – materials unique to a location
Need to have permanent archives for electronic materials
4. Constituencies Affected by change Scientists and scholarly researchers Policymakers / Lawmakers Commercial and Society Publishers Librarians Archivists Information Technology / Computer
Programmers Students and General Public
5. Why should you care? How will this affect future research? Immediate Benefits:Quicker publication of research results:
Faster recognition Wider distribution among colleagues
Lower journal costs for institution? (some debate)
Long-Term Benefits:Institutional memory preserved – repositories and other
local contentMore control over scholarly output from authors and
institutions
6. Future trends in Scholarly Communications
Make more government funded research publications available to the general public
Open Access option for journal article publishing available from more publishers
Newer alternative journal funding models as alternatives to Open Access
Greater collaboration between constituencies to make change
More demand to make scholarly research results available to more people
7. Resources / Web Sites / Initiatives SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic
Resources Coalition) Open Access News blog (Peter Suber) Google Book Search Managing Your Copyrights – Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (Author Rights) LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) Portico (Electronic Archiving) Open Content Alliance (collaborative archive) Open Peer Review & Collaboration (Heather Morris)