nerc event analysis update member representatives committee meeting october 28, 2008 robert w....
TRANSCRIPT
NERC Event AnalysisNERC Event AnalysisUpdateUpdate
Member Representatives Committee Meeting
October 28, 2008
Robert W. CummingsNERC Director of Event Analysis & Information Exchange
2Active Event Analysis TeamsActive Event Analysis Teams
MRO System Separation – Sept. 18, 2007
Writing final report
FRCC South Florida Disturbance – Feb. 26, 2008
Writing final report
RFC PEPCO Disturbance – June 13, 2008
RFC Event Analysis Team – collecting data
SPP Southwestern Public Service Company Separation – June 17, 2008
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Ongoing & Emerging Trends
4Emerging & Ongoing TrendsEmerging & Ongoing Trends
Unexpected Generator Turbine Control Action (31)
Voltage sensitivity of generation auxiliary power systems (13)
Transmission equipment failures (11)
Human Error (8)
Protection system misoperation (8)
Near-term load forecasting error (6)
Wiring errors (6)
Inter-area oscillations (5)
Protection equipment failures (4)
System Integrity Protection Scheme Misoperations (SPS & RAS) (4)
Generation vs transmission protection miscoordination (3)
Lack of Redundancy (3)
5Emerging & Ongoing TrendsEmerging & Ongoing Trends
Loss of station observability (SCADA) (3)
Relay loadability (3) – 1 of these was in Europe
Relay settings (drifting) (3)
Relays / controls out-of-date with manufacturers’ tech. bulletins (3)
Uncoordinated load restoration (3)
Handling of missing/bad data by EMS systems (2)
Failed or run-away operation of substation automation (2)
Gas supply / gen. dispatch coordination (2)
Line hardware / conductor failures (2)
Protection system design errors / misapplications (2)
SCADA system misoperation (1)
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EA Trends – Top Two DisturbanceEA Trends – Top Two DisturbanceElementsElements
31 – Unexpected generator turbine control actions
• 28 in 7 events since August 2007 (and counting)
• 2 units CAUSAL in a system separation event
13 – Voltage sensitivity of generation auxiliary power systems (not included above)
Problem: THESE BEHAVIORS ARE NOT MODELED OR STUDIED
• Turbine controls (non-governor) are not modeled
• Typically only analyzing t = 0 to t = 20 seconds
7Generator – System Interface IssuesGenerator – System Interface Issues
Gen Protection
Gen Controls
Turbine / Boiler Controls
Trans Protection
System Controls
System Conditions
PRC-001 Coordination
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System Protection Performance Improvement Initiative
9Protection & Control Performance IssuesProtection & Control Performance Issues
Relay Loadability
• Standard PRC-023 – Relay Loadability passed by NERC Board, awaiting FERC approval
Protection System Redundancy
• SPCTF White Paper & SAR – December
PRC Standards Technical Support
• Protection misoperation analysis, maintenance, etc.
Protection System Coordination
• Trans & Gen Protection Coordination – IEEE collaboration
• Transmission Protection Coordination
System Performance & Protection Coordination with Turbine/Boiler Controls
10Protection & Control Performance IssuesProtection & Control Performance Issues
Elevate System Protection and ControlsTask Force to Subcommittee status
• Increased emphasis on the importance of system protection
Collaborative efforts with
• IEEE Power & Energy Society
• IEEE Power System Relay Committee
• Bridge between IEEE standards and NERC system performance requirements (in NERC standards)
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System ModelingImprovement Initiative
12Modeling IssuesModeling Issues
If something in not modeled, how can you predict system behavior or interaction????
Dynamics Modeling Issues
Missing models
Data errors
Models may not match field equipment and settings
Issue of “proprietary models”
No models for many wind farms
• No good indication of where wind farms are connected
• Registrations issues
13Need for New ModelingNeed for New Modeling
Turbine / boiler control models needed
• Units may remain stable, but ramp to zero and trip
Far more complex dynamic load models needed to analyze and predict FIDVR (Fault-Induced Delayed Voltage Recovery) behavior
• More load composition data needed to do this
Better governor models
Better SPS/RAS models
Models for new power electronic devices
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