nepal: vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other ... · vertical shaft brick kiln (vsbk) and other...
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NEPAL: Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln (VSBK) and other Sustainable Construction Practices (SCP) Presented by: Heini Müller Senior Technical Advisor
Sustainable Construction Practices
Introduction
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Skat_founda+on Switzerland
Project start; January 2012 Project end; March 2015 Project activities are focused in 10 districts with very high infrastructure growth, however, VSBK’s are established all over the country
NEPAL
Reduce energy consumption and “black carbon” and “CO2 – emission” from the building material production sector
Sustainable Construction Practices
Project Objective
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Project Strategy
Increase the DEMAND for & SUPPLY of sustainable construction practices
Vertical Shaft Brick Kiln
Sustainable Construction Practices
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VSBK is the world’s cleanest brick firing technology In 2014: 70 VSBK shafts are operating in Nepal
35 VSBK shafts = 15 existing supported & 20 newly constructed by Switch Asia SCP Project
Focus technology group
VSBK performance compared with FC ND Straight line firing
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Focus technology group
VSBK performance compared with FC ND Straight line firing
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Focus technology group
Type
Energy Emissions
MJ / kg brick MJ per 100,000 bricks
Mass Emission Load
[ mgSPM/ kgbrick]
SO2 [ mgSO2 / kgbrick]
CO2 [ gCO2 / kgbrick]
Black Carbon BC
[ mgCarbon/ kgbrick]
VSBK Nepal 0.83 183,000 150 17 41 1.4
Fixed Chimney – Natural Draft, Straight Stacking
1.16 (+40%)
255,000 (+40%) 1,140 (+660%) 375 (+ 2,106%) 186 (+354%)
148 (+10,500%)
Rat Trap Bond
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Natural aggregate
Compared to English masonry bond, Rat Trap Bond uses 30% less bricks, 50% less cement and sand and is an excellent insulation brick wall and if bricks are fired in a VSBK, a staggering 60% less energy is required
Using natural aggregate for concrete work saves 15% cement and achieves the same compressive strength as crushed aggregates. Due to its natural form, workability can be achieved with a low water /cement ratio
Focus technology group
RCC Door and Window frames
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Use of prefabricate RCC Door and Window frames, is reducing illegal forest cutting, is 50 % less costlier than timber, is not prone to termite attacks and above all provides new job opportunities through new enterprise. Initial frame mould, or business investment is below 500 $
Focus technology group
Filler slab roofing technology proven
Sustainable Construction Practices
Achievements
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Filler slab: Overall concrete slab cost saving is 15% to 25% and concrete saving is 30%
Micro concrete roofing tile technology proven
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Micro concrete roofing tiles (MCR) Elegant roofing tile, cost and energy efficient, job creation end enterprise promotion with as low as 500 $ initial business investment
Achievements
Riverbed roofing tile technology proven
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Riverbed tiles, initial investment: 10 $ and 1 bag of Cement, production at riverside
Achievements
Ferro-cement channel roofing technology proven
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Ferro-cement roofing elements, local job creation, strong and appropriate for lightweight foundation design
Achievements
Behavioral changes have started
Sustainable Construction Practices
Achievements
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Local contractors for” National Highway Roads” are using Natural Aggregates for concreting works
More and more people apply sustainable construction practices (Load bearing RTB house) in Kapilvastu, Nepal
VSBK has become a challenge for the “establishment” and is being opposed by the “Business as usual”
Sustainable Construction Practices
Main Achievements
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Problems regarding sustainability in the construction has been realized by the government of Nepal
This project has proven “Sustainable Construction” options; application and skills are available
VSBK technology licenses are misused to construct other brick firing technologies
Sustainable Construction Practices
Main Challenges
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Seven Group situated in Chebetar in Gorkha Muncipality-9 is the first kiln in the district using VSBK technology which is energy efficient and emits 30-40 percent less CO2 compared to
traditional kilns.
República Newspaper reports; (14. May 2014)
Weak government policy and enforcement capacity
Sustainable Construction Practices
Main Challenges
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Social reluctance towards new technologies; behavioral changes need time
Skilled labor migrate to Gulf and other countries for “Better pay”
Capacity building
Sustainable Construction Practices
Solutions
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Rat Trap Bond and other construction skill training for men and women
Awareness creation
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Through local media, technical seminars, community visits & documentary films, Entrepreneur (EP) to EP site visits, group discussions, leaflet distributions, exhibition participation, website, national and international workshops
Solutions
Regional environment / emission policy enforcement
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Government officials visits to sustainable building material production units; an important and necessary experience for formulating an appropriate regional environment / emission policy
Solutions
Commercial dissemination of services
Sustainable Construction Practices
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Strengthening the capacity of Supply Chain Actors (SCA) such as the VSBK Association to provide professional services to new VSBK enterprises
Solutions
To meet the challenges for sustainable construction practices, technical and economical viable options are field proven and available in Nepal
Sustainable Construction Practices
Conclusion
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However, NON of the options will positively impact the Himalayan region and will become mainstream without a regional environment / emission policy and its strict enforcement.
Mr. Al Gore: 40% of the worlds population depend on the water from of the Himalayas.
Sustainable Construction Practices
Conclusion
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Therefore, gearing up practical actions to mitigate climate change must increase in a massive and international coordinated approach. NOT acting NOW is not an option for mankind
Thank you! SCP Project Head Office NEPAL P. O Box 6530, Manbhawan, Lalitpur
Phone No: +977-01-5554947 / 5554957 Fax: +977-01-5554947
Team Leader: Senior Technical Advisor Mr. Christian Wagner Mr. Heini Müller email: [email protected] email: [email protected] Please visit our website at: www.vsbk-scp.org