neonicitinoids and honey bees - spokane city council powerpoint

8/12/2019 Neonicitinoids and Honey Bees - Spokane City Council PowerPoint

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http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=48r6T8Ylqfx3XM&tbnid=emITIULrcYdbLM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.gstaadlife.com/gsteig/page/2/&ei=L29NU82PE4K6yQGztoHACg&bvm=bv.64764171,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGWNSeyH1FLq8QcTZ-DKtwol9IGKA&ust=1397670036979525


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Honey BeesWhy Should the Public Care About What Happens toHoney Bees? Bee pollination is responsible for more than $15 billion in increased

crop value each year. About one mouthful in three in our diet directly orindirectly benefits from honey bee pollination. Commercial productionof many specialty crops like almonds and other tree nuts, berries, fruits

and vegetables are dependent on pollinated by honey bees.

Although there are other pollinators honey bees are more prolific andeasier to manage on a commercial level for pollination of a wide varietyof crops. Almonds, for example, are completely dependent on honeybees for pollination. In California, the almond industry requires the use

of 1.4 million colonies of honey bees, approximately 60 percent of allmanaged honey bee colonies in the United States. (USDA)

Pollinators are essential species in terrestrial ecosystems: they pollinatethe seeds and fruits that feed everything from songbirds to grizzlybears (Xerces Society)
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://adamtkincaid.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/winnie.gifhttp://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=kMZNksV2Y3J6UM&tbnid=OxU-Cxqu0QLPsM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://adamtkincaid.wordpress.com/2011/01/19/channeling-my-inner-winnie-the-pooh/&ei=dM5aU_6cJdekyASokIKwBQ&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFHVsKClmN-BoRub_nHw8HK7Xowzw&ust=1398546419044073


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What is a Neonicotinoid?A Systematic pesticide: A pesticide is any substance or

mixture of substances intended for:

preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating anypest.

Environmental Protection Agency
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=yVntFhkkr62TxM&tbnid=wo0apl8lePX--M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2006/August/07080603.asp&ei=0aVaU-DHDs-yyASrjICACw&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNHi8j_xvL9ixBdvoazNJl_RcxyhCw&ust=1398535314901679


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Contact vs. Systemic Insecticide


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How Neonicotinoids Function Neonicotinoids is a systemic insecticide taken up by

the plant through the roots and the leaves

The substance(s) spread through the entire plant andcan be found in nectar and pollen of the flowers

Depending on the amount of exposure the results canbe lethal/ sub-lethal to the honey bees

Application methods include: spray, chemigation, seedcoating, soil drench, and direct injection. (WSU,Xerces Society, Entomology: University of Minnesota)


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Types of Neonicotinoids 6 types of Neonicotinoids are used on crops:

imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam,dinotefuran, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid. (The 7thnitenpyram is used to treat for fleas or other externalparasites on livestock and pets)

Imidacloprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, and

thiamethoxam are highly toxic to bees Used on field and orchard crops, ornamental plants in

nurseries and gardens, and on trees in gardens, streets,and parks (Xerces Society)


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Increased Use


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Sub-Lethal Effects Reduced Fecundity (fertility and reproduction)

Depresses the bees immune system

Increases susceptibility to biological infections Impaired learning behavior, short and long term

memory loss, altered foraging behavior and motoractivity is disrupted. (WSU, Xerces Society)
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=hqqSTZbEio0JrM&tbnid=ZQGArZxpOZ9BWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mypurewater.com/blog/2013/06/18/pesticides-the-honey-bee-and-us/&ei=k6JaU-u_J4ugyASa74DQBA&bvm=bv.65397613,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNH-9fFviE80nobLc9LBomyLXZHcEw&ust=1398535166007737


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Bans

SeattleShorelineEugene, OregonNew YorkCounties: Nassau,Suffolk, Kings, andQueens


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Colony Collapse Disorder Large scale loss of Honey Bees starting in 2006

Most researchers agree that it was due to multiple,interacting causes, including lethal and sub-lethaleffects of pesticides (Dr. Krischick, University of Minnesotas Department of Entomology)

Research to date suggests that CCD is a syndromecaused by multiple factors, including pathogens andparasites, that work individually but probably also incombination USDA 2010

The EPA has added new icon to neonicotinylinsecticide products


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Integrated Pest Management Involves various methods to reduce crop damage Encourages preventive measures to reduce initial pest build up Planting pest resistant crop varieties, removing crop residue, using trap crops, and

creating on-farm habitat for predator and parasitoid insects that suppress pest species Requires monitoring of pest populations so that growers know when to take action before

pests reach economically damaging levels Insecticides are employed as a last resort

The prophylactic use (a course of action used to prevent disease) of systemic insecticidessuch as neonicotinoids represents a shift in pest management towards applyingchemicals before pest damage has occurred this negates the principles of IPM becausethey are used before their need.

http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/ipm.htm-EPA IPM http://www.spokane-

county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfSpokaneCounty IPM

The city of Spokanes green team started an IPM conversation: Deborah Biseneus
http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/ipm.htmhttp://www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfhttp://www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfhttp://www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfhttp://www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfhttp://www.spokane-county.wsu.edu/spokane/eastside/Fact%20Sheets/C195%20IPM%2009.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/ipm.htm


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Works Cited USDA

http://www.ars.usda.gov/News/docs.htm?docid=15572

Department of Ecology

Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation Are Neonicotinoids Killing Bees?

Washington State Department of Agriculture

Olympia Beekepers Association

USGS: National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA)Program

Neonicitinoids Pesticides and Honey Bees. WSU fact Sheet
http://www.ars.usda.gov/News/docs.htm?docid=15572http://www.ars.usda.gov/News/docs.htm?docid=15572

neonicitinoids and honey bees - spokane city council powerpoint

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