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Neal Stublen nstublen@jccc.edu

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Overview of.NET

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Windows Applications Microsoft Windows OS / Intel Platform Windows Application File SystemNetworkDisplay

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.NET Applications.NET Framework Class Libraries Common Language Runtime (CLR).NET Application (or "Assembly") Non-Microsoft OS? / Non-Intel Platform? Microsoft Windows OS / Intel Platform File SystemNetworkDisplay

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C#,.NET, and Windows C# Source Files.NET "Assembly" (MSIL) C# Compiler.NET "Assembly" (MSIL) CLR "Native" Code

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How does C# compare? VB.NET, F#, Managed VC++ are other.NET languages. They all compile into MSIL assemblies that run on the.NET CLR. Java has many similarities, but the.NET class library is different from the Java support classes. Might be considered a "safer" version of C++.

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Using Visual Studio

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Visual Studio Summary Open/close a project/solution Project A collection of files that are used to generate an application or class library.csproj file extention Solution A collection of projects.sln file extension Projects target a specific version of the.NET Framework

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Visual Studio Summary Menus and toolbars can be customized Solution Explorer manages project files Form Designer allows us to create and modify forms Controls are added to a form using the Toolbox Properties change the appearance and/or function of a form or control

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Visual Studio Summary Tabbed windows can be docked just about anywhere Tabbed windows can be floating or docked Tabbed windows can be pinned or hidden Code Editor allows you to edit source code Editing window can be split into two panes

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Visual Studio Summary Settings can be imported and exported We will work with WinForms applications in this class.

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Designing a Form

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Form Design Summary Control Toolbox Tab Order Properties Window Name, Text Enabled, ReadOnly, TabOrder, TabStop, TextAlign AcceptButton, CancelButton, StartPosition Access keys (&) Document Outline View Renaming and saving files

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Form Exercise Create a project named "InvoiceTotal" in your S: folder Reproduce the following form: Consider tab order, access keys, etc.

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Object Oriented Programming

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Object-Oriented Programming .NET represents everything as an "object" What objects can we identify in our InvoiceTotal application? Forms, Controls Objects are made up of data and a set of functions that act on that data What data would be stored in the InvoiceTotal form and controls? Position, Text What functions might use that data?

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Objects and Classes An object is represented by a "class" A class has member data Variables A class has member functions Methods

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A class Definition class Counter { };

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A class Definition class Counter { // class is a keyword that tells the // compiler we are defining a new type of // object. };

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The class Name (or Type) class Counter { // Counter is the name of the new class // type. };

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Member Variables class Counter { private int mValue; // We declare member variables that will // hold data for the class. };

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Member Visibility class Counter { private int mValue; // private is a keyword that tells the // compiler the class member is not visible // to other objects. };

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Member Type class Counter { private int mValue; // int is a built-in type that tells the // compiler we are defining an integer // value. };

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Member Name class Counter { private int mValue; // mValue is the name we will use when // referring to this data member. };

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Member Initializer class Counter { private int mValue = 0; // (Optional) We can assign an initial value to // the data member. };

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A class Constructor class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } };

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Constructor Visibility class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // public is a keyword that tells the // compiler the class member is visible to // other objects. };

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Constructor Name class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Counter repeats the class name, which // tells the compiler we are defining a // constructor for the class. };

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Constructor Parameter class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // int inInitialValue is a parameter of // the constructor. It is used to set the // initial state of the object. };

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Constructor Body class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // The body of the constructor assigns // initial values to any data members of // the class. };

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Assignment Operator class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // = is an assignment operator that assigns // a value to a variable. };

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A class Method class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Method Visibility class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Method Return Type class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Method Name class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Method Body class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Prefix/Postfix Operators class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public int Increment() { return ++mValue; } };

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Code Comments class Counter { private int mValue; // Constructor public Counter(int inInitialValue) { mValue = inInitialValue; } // Increment the counter by one. public void Increment() { mValue = mValue + 1; } }; Counter myCounter = new Counter(0);

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Instantiating a class class Counter {... }; Counter myCounter = new Counter(0); Counter yourCounter = new Counter(10);

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Instantiating a class class Counter {... }; Counter myCounter = new Counter(0); Counter yourCounter = new Counter(10); // new is a keyword that tells the compiler // we want to create an instance of the class. // We have created two instances of the Counter // class.

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Instantiating a class class Counter {... }; Counter myCounter = new Counter(0); myCounter.Increment(); // We call a method by using the . operator on // a class instance. // All statements are terminated by a semi-colon.

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A Closer Look at Our Form

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Form Summary The Code Editor allows us to expand and collapse blocks of code. Forms are just objects Forms are created by making changes to the objects properties and calling the objects methods. The Designer just adds code to the forms class.

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Making the Form Do Something

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Event Summary Forms and controls dispatch events Event handlers respond to events

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Suggestions Install Visual Studio Visual Studio Express 2013 for Windows Desktop Projects at end of each chapter Experiment