NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

Basic principles in material testing and application

Presented by

MOGEKWU CHINYE KELVIN MIACCM,CIPP

VENUE

HAVILAH HYDROCARBON BOARD ROOM

COMMON ABBREVIATIONS

NDT- NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING PTW-PERMIT TO WORK PPE-PERSONAL PROTECTIVE

EQUIPMENTUT-ULTRASONIC TEST MPT-MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING ERP-EMERGENCY RESPONSE

PROCEDURE

WHAT IS NDT

NDT means Non Destructive Testing. They are analysis groups which are carried out to evaluate the strength and property of a material without causing damage to same material.

It has been developed to replace the Destructive testing method which destroys the material after testing.

SAFETY CONCERNS IN NDT

Trip and Fall Radiation Pinch Points Drop Objects Burns

MITIGATION MEASURES

Tool Box Talk Adequate PPE PTW SystemRisk Assessment Matrix ERP

TYPES OF NDT METHODS

VISUAL TESTING PENETRANT TESTING MAGNETIC TESTING ULTRASONIC TESTING RADIOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION

VISUAL TESTING

Visual Testing as the name implies is a form of testing which involves visual observation of welded material.

It is the mother of all other NDT procedure, because it gives clue to the various types of defects involved in welding.

TYPES OF DEFECTS

PENETRANT TESTING Penetrate Testing is used to detect

surface breaks and flaws by bleed out of a colour florescent dye from flaw

It is used to detect flaws which range between 0.5mm to 10mm.

It is usually Applicable in testing the strength of lifting equipments.

PT TESTING PROCEDURE

Clean test surface to be clear from debris and smear.

Apply Liquid Penetrant(Usually ANDROX 40 40)

Leave for at least 10 Minutes

Apply Developer which comes in a dry powder

Areas with defects will have penetrant flow out as a result of capillary action

Exposed Defect

MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

Magnetic particle testing involves the use of Electromagnetic process to test for surface and subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic Materials.

MPT cannot be applied to non ferromagnetic materials like ceramics,aluminium,zinc and copper

TEST PROCEDURE Clean test Surface Calibrate Magnetic

Yoke with a Pie Guage Magnetize test surface

with Magnetic Yoke Spray Ferromagnetic

Particles( Suspended or Liquid)

Check for areas with accumulated Ferromagnetic particles

Mark areas with defect and Prepare report.

ULTRASONIC TESTING

Ultrasonic inspection utilizes high frequency mechanical vibrations and most commercial ultrasonic testing is done with frequencies between 0.5 and 25MHZ.

In this method, ultrasonic waves of high frequency are used to detect flaws and cracks.

Simple UT machines can be used to detect wall thickness of a material

COMPONENTS OF AN ULTRASONIC TESTING EQUIPMENT

PROBE- Sends sound waves to a test material

PULSE GENERATOR-Assists Probe in generating high and low frequency voltage

AMPLIFIER –Helps in Amplification and rectification of received signals

FREQUENCY GENERATOR –Triggers the pulse generator with frequency pulses.

APPLICATION OF NDT METHODS

AviationMetallurgyAluminium Construction Oil field Transportation Others

NDT APPLICATION CONTINUED

VISUAL TESTING

PENETRANT TESTING

Applicable in all material testing

Testing of Lifting Eyes

Inspection of Oxygen bottles Inspection of

tanks Inspection of welded Tanks

MAGNETIC TESTING

ULTRASONIC TESTING

Ship Construction Hulls and Mast

Automobile Frames Power Turbines

Surface Tanks Rail Construction Line Pipes Casing and Tubular

REPORTING Reporting in NDT helps to achieve

the following: Enhances Client satisfaction. Proper communication with

Welder/fabricator and the inspector A reporting schematic gives the

welder an idea of exact welding defects and correctional procedure.

SAMPLE REPORTING SCHEMATIC

S/N TYPE OF DEFECT LENGHT OF DEFECT Distance from Point A

1 Longitudinal

2 Transverse 15CM 50CM

3 Concave crown 7CM 27CM

4 Cluster Porosity 12CM 22CM

5 Incomplete root penetration Root of weld at point A 1CM

END

QUESTIONS

COMMENTS

OBSERVATIONS