ncp report 2015 final -...

2015201520152015

NATIONAL COTTON CULTIVAR EVALUATION TRIALS

MM vd Westhuizen, P Maja, C Fourie, K Lategan, J Steyn, J van Schalkwyk, J Willemse &

L Venter

ARC-Institute for Industrial Crops, Rustenburg, South Africa

Table of Contents

Introduction ..........................................................................................................1

How to use the result book ....................................................................................3

Trial localities and planting dates .........................................................................4

Entries used in the dryland and irrigation trials at the different localities ..............4

Groblersdal irrigation .............................................................................................5

Groblersdal colour grades .....................................................................................8

Makhathini dryland ................................................................................................12

Makhathini colour grades ......................................................................................15

Roedtan dryland ...................................................................................................19

Roedtan colour grades .........................................................................................22

Vaalharts irrigation ...............................................................................................26

Vaalharts colour grades .......................................................................................29

Weipe Irrigation ....................................................................................................33

Weipe colour grades ............................................................................................35

Appendix A. Weather data ..................................................................................38

Appendix B. Soil sample analysis ........................................................................41

1 | P a g e

INTRODUCTION

The necessity of the National Cotton Cultivar trials cannot be over-emphasized. Cultivars

differ in their ability to produce optimally under different environmental conditions. The

National Cotton Cultivar Trials are conducted in order to prescribe the correct cultivars and

the information is distributed in the form of annual reports. Cultivars are evaluated for yield

potential, adaptation and fibre quality. The information is required for making decisions on

the release of new cultivars and for making cultivar recommendations to producers.

In South Africa, eight cotton-producing areas have been identified, namely:

Area 1: Lower Orange River (irrigation) - Northern Cape.

Area 2: Griqualand West (irrigation) - Northern Cape.

Area 3: North-West – Vryburg - North West.

Area 4: North-West – Rustenburg - North West.

Area 5: Limpopo Valley (irrigation) – Limpopo.

Area 6: Groblersdal, Springbok Flats – Mpumalanga.

Area 7: Lowveld (irrigation) – Mpumalanga.

Area 8: Northern KwaZulu-Natal.

During the 2014/2015 season, seven to nine cultivars were tested at six different localities

namely: Douglas (irrigation), Groblersdal (irrigation), Makhathini (dryland), Roedtan

(dryland), Vaalharts (irrigation) and Weipe (irrigation). The trial at Weipe had whole plots

that were damaged due to animals (Kudu). The trial was written off because it could not be

statistically analyzed with the amount of damage present. However fibre samples were taken

and included in this report. The Department of Agriculture and Land Reform: Northern Cape

planted the trial at Douglas. The report was compiled by Mr Kobus Lategan and will be

submitted separately. The past season two cultivars from Australia (Candia BG2D and

Candia B2RF) were again evaluated as well as two lines from the Agricultural Research

Council–Institute for Industrial Crops (Gariep VT1 and Gariep VT2). Cultivars from

DeltaPINE Monsanto were DP210 BRF, Delta 12BRF, 13P3001 B2R2, 13P3005 B2R2 and

DP1240 B2RF.

2 | P a g e

Contributions of the Department of Northern Cape, Farmers, Researchers and Technicians

are greatly appreciated, and also a special word of thanks towards Cotton SA for

determining the fibre qualities and for financial support.

Tilla van der Westhuizen

Project Manager: National Cotton Cultivar Trials

ARC–Institute for Industrial Crops, Rustenburg

Piet Maja

Responsible Research Technician

ARC–Institute for Industrial Crops, Rustenburg

3 | P a g e

How to use the result book:

Variety DP 210

BRF

Delta 12BRF

BRF

PM3225

B2RF

Gariep VT1

Yield (kg/ha) 3689 3156 2922 2367

Fibre % 41.2 42.4 41.8 45.9

Fibre Yield 1540 1326 1220 923

Length (mm) 29.8 29.8 29.4 27.5

Uniformity 85.1 86.2 85.1 84.7

Strength (g/tex) 33.6 34.4 34.7 29.3

Elongation 4.9 5.0 4.7 7.6

Micronaire 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.9

Maturity .90 .90 .91 .94

Parameter Tukey’s LSD

(p=0.05)

CV (%)

Yield (kg/ha) 1611 26.6

Fibre % 4.9 5.7

Fibre yield 707.7 27.6

Length 2.5 2.6

Uniformity 3.2 1.2

Strength 4.7 4.6

Elongation 2.2 11.5

Micronaire 0.6 5.0

Maturity 0.02 0.8

LSD = Least significant difference. CV = Coefficient of

variance

Yield and quality data. Quality data obtained

from HVI testing at Cotton SA.

4 | P a g e

Table 1. Trial localities and planting dates

Province Locality +

Responsible person

Cell number Dryland /

irrigation

Planting date

Limpopo Groblersdal

C Fourie

083 274 1951

Irrigation

21/11/2014

Roedtan

L Venter

082 388 0689 Dryland 17/12/2014

KwaZulu-Natal Makhathini

J Steyn

082 898 5471 Dryland 20/11/2014

Northern Cape Vaalharts

J van Schalkwyk

073 801 0066 Irrigation 27/11/2014

Douglas

K Lategan

071 857 5579 Irrigation

Limpopo Weipe

J Willemse

083 236 7799 Irrigation 9/12/2015

Table 2. Entries used in the national cotton cultivar trials at the different localities

Douglas

(Irrigation)

Groblersdal

(Irrigation)

Makhathini

(Dryland)

Vaalharts

(Irrigation)

Weipe

(Irrigation)

Roedtan

(Dryland)

DP210 BRF DP210 BRF DP210 BRF DP210 BRF DP210 BRF DP210 BRF

Delta 12BRF BRF Delta 12 BRF Delta 12 BRF Delta 12 BRF Delta 12 BRF Delta 12 BRF

13P3001 B2R2 13P3001 B2R2 13 P3001 B2R2 13 P3001 B2R2 13P3001 B2R2 13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2 13P3005 B2R2 13P3005 B2R2 13P3005 B2R2 13P3005 B2R2 13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF DP1240 B2RF DP1240 B2RF DP1240 B2RF DP1240 B2RF DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1 Gariep VT1 Candia BG2D Gariep VT1 Candia BG2D Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2 Gariep VT2 Candia B2RF Gariep VT2 Candia B2RF Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D Candia BG2D Candia BG2D Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF Candia B2RF Candia B2RF Candia B2RF

Origin of cultivars:

DeltaPine Monsanto: DP 210 BRF, Delta 12 BRF, 13P3001 B2R2, 13P3005 B2R2, and

DP1240 B2RF.

ARC-IIC: Gariep VT1 and Gariep VT2.

Bayer: Candia BG2D and Candia B2RF

5 | P a g e

GROBLERSDAL

IRRIGATION

6 | P a g e

Groblersdal – Trial information

Nitrogen (kg/ha) 3 topdressings @ 70N, 70 N, and 40 N at 3, 6 and 8 weeks after

planting

Phosphorus (kg/ha) 150 kg/ha Super phosphate

Potassium (kg/ha) 200 kg K2SO4

Weed control Manual

Irrigation Central pivot

Figure 1. Minimum temperature (°C), maximum temperature (°C) and rainfall (mm) of

the Groblersdal trial, 2014/2015

7 | P a g e

Table 3. Yield and fibre characteristics of the cotton cultivar trial planted under

irrigation at Groblersdal, 2014/2015

Variety DP210

BRF

Delta

12BRF

13P3001

B2R2

13P3005

B2R2

DP1240

B2RF

Gariep

VT1

Gariep

VT2

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

Yield (kg/ha) 5962 4820 6592 6484 6132 4696 4076 5611 5297

Pick 1 % 82.2 83.6 92.8 80.9 75.1 51.3 47.2 81.0 88.7

Fibre % 41.6 39.9 44.7 44.7 42.0 40.1 40.0 45.5 44.2

Fibre Yield 2482 1924 2950 2897 2581 1886 1628 2554 2341

Length (mm) 30.5 28.7 31.0 29.8 30.5 29.6 28.5 30.3 29.9

Uniformity 83.2 83.9 84.1 83.7 84.2 84.7 84.2 83.1 83.2

Strength

(g/tex)

29.4 27.7 29.3 28.5 30.3 29.2 28.8 28.1 27.7

Rd 81.1 80.1 80.1 78.8 77.7 78.8 78.4 80.9 81.6

Plus b 7.0 7.1 7.0 7.6 8.4 8.4 8.8 7.0 7.0

Micronaire 4.3 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.8 3.8 3.9

Maturity 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.84 0.84

Parameter Tukey’s LSD (p<0.05) CV (%)

Yield (kg/ha) 1898.2 14.4

Pick 1 % 16.4 9.1

Fibre % 2.2 2.2

Fibre yield 827.9 14.7

Length 1.2 2.3

Uniformity 1.4 1.0

Strength 1.4 2.7

RD 1.1 0.8

+ B 0.6 4.4

Micronaire 0.4 5.5

Maturity 0.02 0.8

8 | P a g e

Table 4. Colour grades of the NCP cotton trial at Groblersdal, 2014/2015

Cultivar Replication 1 Replication 2 Replication 3

DP210 B2RF 21-1 31-1 31-1

Delta12 BRF 31-1 31-1 31-1

13P3001 B2R2 21-2 21-2 21-2

13P3005B2R2 31-1 31-1 21-1

DP1240 B2RF 32-1 31-1 21-2

Gariep VT1 31-1 21-1 21-1

Gariep VT2 31-1 21-1 21-2

Candia BG2D 31-3 21-2 31-1

Candia B2RF 31-1

Yield parameters

From Table 3 it can be seen that cultivars did not differ significantly regarding seed cotton

yield and fibre yield. The cultivar 13P3001 B2R2 produced the highest seed cotton yield of

6592 kg/ha followed by 13 P3005 B2R2 with 6484 kg/ha. The cultivar 13 P3001 B2R2

produced the highest fibre yield of 2950 kg/ha followed by 13 P3005 B2R2 with 2897 kg/ha.

Cultivars differed significantly with regard to pick 1 percentage. The cultivar 13 P3001 B2R2

was the earliest with a percentage of 93.0%, followed by Candia B2RF with 89.0%. Cultivars

differed significantly with regard to fibre percentage. The cultivar Candia BG2D produced the

highest fibre percentage of 46.0%, followed by 13 P3001 B2R2 and 13 P3005 B2R2 both

with 45.0% (Figures 2 – 4).

Quality parameters

From Table 3 it can be seen that cultivars did not differ significantly regarding all of the

measured quality parameters. The cultivar 13P3001 B2R2 produced the longest fibre of 31.0

mm followed by DP210 BRF and DP1240 B2RFRF both with 30.5 mm. DP1240 B2RFRF

produced the strongest fibre of 30.3 g/tex followed by DP210 BRF with 29.4 g/tex. Cultivars

did not differ significantly regarding micronaire. Micronaire values were within the

acceptable range (Figures 5 – 7).

9 | P a g e

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001B2R2

13P3005B2R2

DP1240B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)

0

10

20

30

40

50

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001B2R2

13P3005B2R2

DP1240B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Fibre percentage (%)

Figure 2. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at

Groblersdal, 2014/2015

Figure 3. Fibre percentage (%) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at

Groblersdal, 2014/2015

10 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2R2

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Length (mm)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001B2R2

13P3005B2R2

DP1240B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Fibre yield (kg/ha)

Figure 4. Fibre yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Groblersdal,

2014/2015

Figure 5. Length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Groblersdal,

2014/2015

11 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Strength (g/tex)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 BRF

13P3005 BRF

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Micronaire

Figure 6. Strength (g/tex) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Groblersdal,

2014/2015

Figure 7. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Groblersdal,

2014/2015

12 | P a g e

MAKHATHINI

DRYLAND

13 | P a g e

Makhathini – Trial information

Rainfall (mm) 10.0 mm

Nitrogen (kg/ha) 0

Phosphorus (kg/ha) 0

Potassium (kg/ha) 0

Weed control Manual

Irrigation Rainfed


the Makhathini trial, 2014/2015

14 | P a g e

Table 5. Fibre characteristics of the cotton cultivar trial planted under dryland at

Makhathini, 2014/2015

Variety DP210

BRF

Delta 12

BRF

13P3001

B2R2

13P3005

B2R2

DP1240

B2RF

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

Yield (kg/ha) 1533 1708 1684 1582 1727 1653 1638

Fibre % 37.8 37.5 40.5 41.3 39.0 42.0 40.5

Fibre Yield 587 645 691 654 683 696 666

Length (mm) 30.2 28.8 30.1 29.6 29.1 30.9 30.2

Uniformity 84.4 84.0 85.0 85.0 85.3 85.2 84.8

Strength (g/tex) 34.5 31.8 33.8 34.3 35.5 34.5 34.6

Rd 10.4 10.1 10.1 10.5 10.6 9.4 9.5

Plus b 72.6 73.6 75.1 72.8 72.8 76.8 74.8

Micronaire 4.4 4.4 4.7 5.1 4.9 4.0 4.2

Maturity 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.85 0.85


Yield (kg/ha) 1637 34.0

Fibre % 2.4 4.0

Fibre Yield 71.0 37.0

Length 0.9 1.5

Uniformity 2.1 1.2

Strength 2.6 3.8

RD 2.8 1.9

+ B 0.6 2.9

Micronaire 0.58 6.3

Maturity 0.02 0.9

15 | P a g e

Table 6. Colour grades of the NCP cotton trial at Makhathini, 2014/2015


DP210 B2RF 32-1 33.2 32-1

Delta12 BRF 32-1 32-2 32-1

13P3001 B2R2 32-1 32-1 22-2

13P3005 B2R2 33-1 32-1 32-2

DP1240 B2RF 33-1 22-2 32-1

Candia BG2D 22-2 21-4 21-4

Candia B2RF 32-2 31-3 31-3

Yield parameters

From Table 5 it can be seen that cultivars did not differ significantly regarding seed cotton

yield, fibre yield and fibre percentage. The cultivar DP1240 B2RF produced the highest seed

cotton yield of 1727 kg/ha followed by Delta12 BRF and 13P3001 B2R2 with 1708 and 1684

kg/ha respectively. The cultivar Candia BG2D produced the highest fibre percentage of 42.0

%, followed by 13P3005 B2R2 with 41.3 %. The cultivar Candia BG2D produced the highest

fibre yield of 696 kg/ha followed by 13P3001 B2R2 with 691 kg/ha (Figures 9 – 11).

Quality parameters

From Table 5 it can be seen that cultivars differed significantly regarding fibre length (mm).

The cultivar Candia BG2D produced the longest fibre of 30.9 mm followed by Candia B2RF

with fibre lengths of 30.2 mm. Cultivars did not differ significantly regarding fibre strength (g/

tex). DP1240 B2RF produced the strongest fibre of 35.5 g/tex followed by Candia with fibre

strength of 34.6 g/tex. Cultivars differed significantly regarding micronaire. All of the cultivars

evaluated were within the acceptable range (Figures 12 – 14).

16 | P a g e

0

1000

2000

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2R2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


0

10

20

30

40

50

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


Figure 9. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions

at Makhathini, 2014/2015

Figure 10. Fibre percentage (%) of the first pick of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed

conditions at Makhathini, 2014/2015

17 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210 BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001

13P3005

DP1240 B2RF

CandiaBG2D

CandiaB2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Length (mm)

0

500

1000

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Fibre yield (kg/ha)

Figure 11. Fibre yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at


Figure 12. Length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at


18 | P a g e

0

1

2

3

4

5

DP210 BRF

Delta12 BRF

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP1240B2RF

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Micronaire

0

10

20

30

40

DP210 BRF

Delta12 BRF

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP2140

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Strength (g/tex)

Figure 13. Strength (g/tex) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at


Figure 14. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at Makhathini,

2014/2015

19 | P a g e

ROEDTAN

DRYLAND

20 | P a g e

Trial information

Rainfall (mm) 0 mm

Nitrogen (kg/ha) 0


Potassium (kg/ha) 0

Weed control Manual

Irrigation Rainfed


the Roedtan trial, 2014/2015

21 | P a g e

Table 7. Fibre characteristics of the cotton cultivar trial planted under irrigation at

Roedtan, 2014/2015

Variety DP210

BRF

Delta 12

BRF

13P3001

B2R2

13P3005

B2R2

DP1240

B2RF

Gariep

VT1

Gariep

VT2

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

Yield (Kg/ha) 1424 1354 1387 1511 1601 1603 1440 1390 1397

Fibre % 44.9 41.8 44.8 46.5 44.3 44.7 45.9 46.6 48.2

Fibre Yield 638 566 613 707 708 716 662 645 676

Length (mm) 28.8 27.5 27.9 26.7 26.8 25.9 26.1 27.2 27.4

Uniformity 81.4 80.6 82.4 80.8 82.1 81.7 81.5 81.6 80.5

Strength

(g/tex)

27.9 24.8 27.6 26.1 29.4 26.8 25.7 26.6 25.7

Rd 81.1 81.1 81.2 79.3 78.0 78.3 80.2 79.4 80.1

Plus b 7.7 7.3 7.8 8.0 8.9 8.7 7.9 8.4 7.8

Micronaire 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.7

Maturity 84.3 84.7 85.7 85.3 85.0 85.0 84.3 84.0 84.0


Yield (Kg/ha) 585.8 16.9

Fibre % 4.5 4.2


Length 1.85 2.9

Uniformity 2.4 1.2

Strength 3.1 4.9

RD 3.4 1.8

+B 1.3 6.9

Micronaire 0.7 7.2

Maturity 0.012 0.8

22 | P a g e

Table 8. Colour grades of the NCP cotton trial at Roedtan, 2014/2015


DP210 B2RF 21-1 31-1 31-1

Delta12 BRF 31-1 31-1 31-1

13P3001 B2R2 21-2 21-2 21-2

13P3005B2R2 31-1 31-1 21-1

DP1240 B2RF 32-1 31-1 21-2

Gariep VT1 31-1 21-1 21-1

Gariep VT2 31-1 21-1 21-2

Candia BG2D 31-3 21-2 31-1

Candia B2RF 31-1 31-1 31-1

Yield parameters

From Table 7 it can be seen that significant differences were not present regarding seed

cotton yield, fibre percentage and fibre yield. The cultivar Gariep VT1 produced the highest

seed cotton yield of 1603 kg/ha followed by DP1240 B2RFRF with 1601 kg/ha. The cultivar

Candia B2RF produced the highest fibre percentage of 48.2 %, followed by Candia BG2D

with 46.6 %. Gariep VT1 produced the highest fibre yield of 716 kg/ha followed by DP1240

B2RF and 13P3005B2R2 with 708 and 707 kg/ha respectively (Figures 16 – 18).

Quality parameters

From Table 7 it can be seen that cultivars did not differed significantly regarding fibre length

(mm). The cultivar DP210 B2RF produced the longest fibre of 28.8 mm. Cultivars did not

differ significantly regarding fibre strength but cultivar DP1240 B2RF produced the strongest

fibre of 29.4 g/tex. Cultivars did not differ significantly regarding micronaire. All of the

cultivars evaluated fell within the acceptable limits of 3.5 – 4.9 (Figures 19 – 21).

23 | P a g e

0

1000

2000

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


0

10

20

30

40

50

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


Figure 16. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions

at Roedtan, 2014/2015

Figure 17. Fibre percentage (%) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at

Roedtan, 2014/2015

24 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Length (mm)

0

500

1000

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Fibre yield (kg/ha)

Figure 18. Fibre yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at

Roedtan, 2014/2015

Figure 19. Length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at Roedtan,

2014/2015

25 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12 BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Strength (g/tex)

0

1

2

3

4

5

DP210BRF

Delta 12 BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Micronaire

Figure 20. Strength (g/tex) of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at

Roedtan, 2014/2015

Figure 21. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under rainfed conditions at Roedtan,

2014/2015

26 | P a g e

VAALHARTS

IRRIGATION

27 | P a g e


the Vaalharts trial, 2014/2015

Trial information

Nitrogen (kg/ha) 130 + 80 kg N/ha top dressed at 6 and 8 weeks after planting.


Potassium (kg/ha) 100

Weed control Manual

Irrigation Flood irrigation

28 | P a g e

Table 9. Fibre characteristics of the cotton cultivar trial planted under irrigation at

Vaalharts, 2014/2015

Variety DP210

BRF

Delta 12

BRF

13P3001

B2R2

13P3005

B2R2

DP1240

B2RF

Gariep

VT1

Gariep

VT2

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

Yield (Kg/ha) 5192 4858 4903 5423 5959 4687 4961 5632 5394

Fibre %

(Pick 1)

76.3 80.3 83.8 84.6 72.4 80.9 77.2 70.2 67.9

Fibre %

(Pick 2)

43.5 41.4 43.8 46.5 43.1 41.3 41.4 45.0 46.2

Fibre Yield

(Kg/ha)

2257 2006 2140 2511 2565 1933 2048 2531 2492

Length (mm) 30.6 29.4 29.9 29.9 29.36 27.7 29.5 30.2 30.4

Uniformity 85.0 840 85.4 84.5 86.3 85.5 85.3 83.0 83.1

Strength

(g/tex)

31.7 32.4 33.0 33.6 34.7 32.5 32.9 32.8 32.2

Rd 80.6 79.6 82.1 79.6 79.7 79.2 79.3 81.7 80.5

Plus b 7.7 7.8 7.6 8.7 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.0 8.1

Micronaire 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.5

Maturity 0.86 0.87 0.87 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.87 0.87


Yield (Kg/ha) 1656 10.8

Fibre % (Pick 1) 18.11 8.0

Fibre % (Pick 2) 2.1 1.6


Length 2.1 3.0

Uniformity 2.6 1.3

Strength 3.9 5.0

RD 2.9 1.5

+B 1.1 5.7

Micronaire 0.6 5.7

Maturity 0.03 1.7

29 | P a g e

Table 10. Colour grades of the NCP cotton trial at Vaalharts, 2014/2015


DP210 B2RF 21-2 31-1 21-2

Delta12 BRF 21-2 31-1 21-2

13P3001 B2R2 21-1 21-1 21-2

13P3005 B2R2 21-2 21-1 21-2

DP1240 B2RF 21-2 21-1 21-1

Gariep VT1 31-1 21-1 21-1

Gariep VT2 21-2 21-1 21-1

Candia BG2D 21-2 21-1 21-1

Candia B2RF 31-3 21-1 21-1

Yield parameters

From Table 9 it can be seen that cultivars did not differ significantly regarding all three of the

yield parameters. The cultivar DP1240 B2RF produced the highest yield of 5959 kg/ha

followed by Candia BG2D with 5632 kg/ha. Cultivar 13P3005 B2R2 produced the highest

fibre percentage of 46.5 %, followed by Candia B2RF with 46.2 %. The cultivar DP1240

B2RF produced the highest fibre yield of 2565 kg/ha, followed by Candia BG2D with 2531

kg/ha (Figures 23 – 25).

Quality parameters

From Table 9 it can be seen that cultivars did not differed significantly regarding fibre length

(mm). DP210 BRF produced the longest fibre of 30.6 mm. Although cultivars did not differ

significantly regarding fibre strength (g/tex), DP1240 B2RF produced the strongest fibre of

34.7 g/tex. Cultivars did not differ significantly regarding micronaire. Micronaire values of all

cultivars evaluated fell within the acceptable limit of 3.5 to 4.9 except DP1240 B2RF and

13P3005 B2R2 with micronaire values of 5.1 and 5.0 respectively (Figures 26 – 28).

30 | P a g e

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


0

10

20

30

40

50

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars


Figure 23. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at

Vaalharts, 2014/2015

Figure 24. Fibre percentage (%) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Vaalharts,

2014/2015

31 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP1240

Gariep VT1

Gariep vT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Length (mm)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

DP210BRF

Delta 12

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Garip VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Fibre yield (kg/ha)

Figure 25. Fibre yield (kg/ha) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Vaalharts,

2014/2015

Figure 26. Length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Vaalharts,

2014/2015

32 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Strength (g/tex)

.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

DP210BRF

Delta 12 BRF

13P3001 B2R2

13P3005 B2R2

DP1240 B2RF

Gariep VT1

Gariep VT2

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Micronaire

Figure 27. Strength (g/tex) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Vaalharts,

2014/2015

Figure 28. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Vaalharts, 2014/2015

33 | P a g e

WEIPE

IRRIGATION

34 | P a g e

Weipe - Trial information

Nitrogen (kg/ha) 160


Potassium (kg/ha) 60

Weed control Manual



the Weipe trial, 2014/2015

35 | P a g e


irrigation at Weipe, 2014/2015

Variety DP210 BRF Delta 12BRF

BRF

13P3001

B2R2

13P3005

B2R2

DP1240

B2RFRF

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

Fibre % - - -

Length (mm) - 28.1 29.2 27.7 - - 30.3

Uniformity - 83.1 83.7 82.9 - - 84.7

Strength (g/tex) - 28.1 29.6 28.5 - - 30.5

Rd - 81.0 82.4 80.5 - - 82.0

Plus b - 6.7 6.9 7.5 - - 6.8

Micronaire - 4.8 4.6 5.1 - - 4.4

Maturity - 0.81 0.82 0.80 - - 0.82

Table 12. Colour grades of the NCP cotton trial at Weipe, 2014/2015


DP210 B2RF 31-2 - 31-1

Delta12 BRF 31-2 31-1 31-2

13P3001 B2R2 21-2 21-2 31-1

13P3005B2R2 31-1 31-1 31-2

DP1240 B2RF 21-2 31-1 31-1

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

Yield parameters

No yield data could be collected due to damage of most plots by animals.

Quality parameters

From Table 11 it can be seen that the cultivar Candia B2RF produced the longest fibre of

30.3 mm. Candia B2RF also produced the strongest fibre of 30.5 g/tex. 13P3001 B2R2

was second with 29.6 g/tex. All micronaire values of all cultivars evaluated fell within the

acceptable limit of 3.5 to 4.9, except 13P3005 B2R2 with a micronaire value of 5.1 (Figures

30 – 32).

36 | P a g e

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP1240

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Length (mm)

0

10

20

30

40

DP210BRF

Delta 12

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP1240

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Strength (g/tex)

.

Figure 30. Length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Weipe, 2014/2015

Figure 31. Strength (g/tex) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Weipe,

2014/2015

37 | P a g e

0

1

2

3

4

5

DP210BRF

Delta 12

PM3225

13P3001

13P3005

Okra

DP1240

Candia BG2D

Candia B2RF

LSD

Cultivars

Micronaire

Figure 32. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation at Weipe, 2014/2015

38 | P a g e

Appendix A

Table 13. Weather data of Douglas, 2014/2015

Year Month Tx Tn Rain Rs ETO HU

2014 November 30.4 9.8 2.7 33.5 6.8 9.8

2014 December 36.6 14.2 0.5 36.5 8.7 15.6

2015 January 36.6 16.3 0.3 32.9 7.9 16.4

2015 February 35.1 13.2 0.8 35.7 8.1 14.0

2015 March 32.8 13.9 1.1 21.7 5.1 12.4

2015 April 27.0 7.0 1.1 22.5 4.3 6.0

2015 May 28.4 2.4 0.1 17.0 3.5 4.0

Tx = Maximum temperature, Tn = Minimum temperature, Rs = Radiation, ETO = Evapotranspiration,

HU = Heat Units

Table 14. Weather data of Groblersdal, 2014/2015


2014 October 30.1 15.6 2.6 21.2 4.6 12.4

2014 November 30.7 17.8 4.1 23.9 5.0 13.4

2014 December 32.5 17.8 2.9 24.3 5.1 14.3

2015 January 33.4 17.4 1.3 24.3 5.2 14.6

2015 February 31.9 15.5 2.4 20.8 4.6 13.2

2015 March 28.6 12.5 0.4 17.1 3.4 9.8

2015 April 28.8 6.6 0 16.3 3.2 6.6


HU = Heat Units

39 | P a g e

Table 15. Weather data of Makhathini, 2014/2015


2014 November 28.1 18.8 2.3 22.4 4.4 12.5

2014 December 31.2 20.5 0.7 24.6 5.0 14.9

2014 January 33.7 21.8 4.2 28.1 5.9 16.4

2015 February 32.1 21.0 1.8 21.1 4.5 15.4

2015 March 32.5 21.0 0.3 18.5 3.9 15.5

2015 April 28.8 18.5 0.7 14.8 3.0 12.8

2015 May 29.7 16.8 0 13.7 2.8 12.3


HU = Heat Units

Table 16. Weather data of Roedtan, 2014/2015


2014 November 31.5 18.3 0 19.2 4.1 13.4

2014 December 33.1 17.1 0 22.8 4.8 14.0

2015 January 33.9 16.6 0 21.8 4.7 14.2

2015 February 32.3 14.4 0 19.1 4.2 12.6

2015 March 29.1 11.3 0 15.7 3.3 9.3

2015 April 29.9 5.8 0 15.3 3.2 6.9


HU = Heat Units

40 | P a g e

Table 17. Weather data of Vaalharts, 2014/2015


2014 November 33.9 16.6 5.2 27.5 6.0 14.5

2014 December 36.2 16.8 1.1 28.8 6.5 15.6

2015 January 35.2 14.0 0.7 27.8 6.2 14.4

2015 February 32.3 14.7 1.6 21.1 4.7 12.7

2015 March 28.5 8.7 0.5 17.6 3.5 7.6

2015 April 29.4 4.6 16.1 0.1 3.7 5.8

2015 May 21.8 1.6 0.7 13.5 2.3 0.5


HU = Heat Units

Table 18. Weather data of Weipe, 2014/2015


2014 November 32.9 21.4 1.4 21.9 5.0 16.4

2014 December 32.6 21.2 3.5 23.5 5.3 16.7

2015 January 33.9 21.5 0.1 28.0 6.3 17.6

2015 February 35.4 21.3 1.6 25.8 5.9 18.2

2015 March 33.3 19.4 1.4 22.8 5.1 16.5

2015 April 29.6 16.6 1.0 17.4 3.6 12.7

2015 May 30.3 10.3 0 17.1 3.4 9.6


HU = Heat Units

41 | P a g e

Appendix B

Table 19. Soil sample analysis of Groblersdal (National Cotton Cultivar Trials),

2014/2015

Measured parameter Groblersdal

0 – 30 cm 30 – 60 cm 60 – 90cm

pH 6.14 6.27 6.22

Resistance (ohms) 780 1580 1070

mg/kg

N 14.58

P 28 24 33

K 235 195 253

Ca 558 543 570

Mg 215 210 218

Na 20 18 15

S Value 5.26 5.03 5.37

Ca % 53.1 54.0 53.1

Mg % 33.8 34.5 33.6

K % 11.5 9.9 12.1

Na % 1.7 1.6 1.2

Sand 78

Silk 3

Clay 19

42 | P a g e

Table 20. Soil sample analysis of Douglas (National Cotton Cultivar Trials), 2014/2015

Measured parameter Douglas

0 – 30 cm 30 – 60cm

pH 7.15 7.38

Resistance (ohms) 540 515

mg/kg

N 4 6

P (Bray 1) 80 58

K 128 73

Ca 690 645

Mg 320 335

Na 95 100

S-Value 6.84 6.62

Ca% 50.5 48.7

Mg% 38.7 41.8

K% 4.8 2.8

Na% 6.0 6.6

43 | P a g e

Table 21. Soil sample analysis of Vaalharts (National Cotton Cultivar Trials), 2014/2015

Measured parameter Vaalharts

0 – 30 cm

pH (KCl) 1:2:3 5.75

Resistance (ohms)

mg/kg

N-NO3 4.48

N-NH4 0.45

P (Bray 1) 26

P (Bray 2) 33

K 130

Ca 450

Mg 140

Na 3

Cl 1

Fe 6.12

Cu 0.52

Zn 22.44

Mn 11

s-(SO4) 8

C% 0.36

S-Value 3.753

Ca% 59.9

Mg% 30.8

K% 8.9

Na% 0.36

%Sand 91

%Silk 1

%Clay 8

44 | P a g e

Table 22. Soil sample analysis of Weipe (National Cotton Cultivar Trials), 2014/2015

Measured parameter Douglas

0 – 30 cm 30 – 60cm

pH 7.77 7.48


mg/kg

N 17 33

P (Bray 2) 108 100

K 620 520

Ca 2820 2680

Mg 553 588

Na 193 158

S-Value 21.09 20.28

Ca% 66.8 66.1

Mg% 21.7 24.0

K% 7.5 6.6

Na% 4.0 3.4

1

Sub-directorate: Research

Eiland Research Station PO Box 37, Upington, Northern Cape, South Africa, 8800,

Tel 087630030, Fax (054) 3340011

Web www.agrinc.gov.za

NATIONAL COTTON CULTIVAR EVALUATION

DOUGLAS IRRIGATION TRIAL

2014/2015

http://www.agrinc.gov.za/

2

Contents

AIM AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 4

SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................. 4

MATERIALS AND METHODS .............................................................................................................. 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................ 5

Yield parameters ........................................................................................................................... 5

Quality parameters ....................................................................................................................... 5

Nematode infestation .................................................................................................................. 6

3

List of Tables

Table 1. Douglas trial information ................................................................................................. 7


irrigation at Douglas, 2014/2015. ................................................................................ 8

Table 3. Weather data at Douglas, 2014/2015. ....................................................................... 9

Table 4. Soil sample analysis of Douglas (National Cotton Cultivar Trials),

2014/2015 ............................................................................................................................. 9

Table 5. Nematode numbers in soil samples (in 200 cm³soil) ........................................ 10

Table 6. Nematode numbers in root samples (in 200 cm³soil) ....................................... 10

List of Figures

Figure 1. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha-1) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

Douglas 2014/2015. ..................................................................................................... 11

Figure 2. Fibre percentage (%) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation, Douglas

2014/2015. ...................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 3. Fibre yield (kg ha¹) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation, Douglas

2014/2015. ...................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 4. Fibre length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation, Douglas

2014/2015. ...................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 5. Strength (g/ tex - ¹) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation, Douglas

2014/2015. ...................................................................................................................... 13

Figure 6. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation, ................................. 13

Figure 7. Nematode infected roots of cotton plants at Douglas trial. ............................. 14

4

PROJECT TITLE : National cotton cultivar evaluation trials

DURATION : Continuous

PERIOD : 2014/2015

PROJECT LEADER : Kobus Lategan

CO WORKERS : Nico Swart (GWK)

Hannes Gerber

Annette Swanepoel

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The objective of the trial is to evaluate and compare the performance of different

cotton cultivars in the Mid-Orange River area.

SUMMARY

The results of the trial presented in this report will be incorporated into the

National Cotton Cultivar Evaluation Trials’ Annual Report published by the

Agricultural Research Council’s Institute for Industrial Crops. Results will be used to

make recommendations with regard to cultivars suitable for production in the

relevant area.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The trial at Douglas was planted by hand in a randomized complete block design

under a centre pivot irrigation system. A summary of planting date and

5

maintenance actions are presented in Table 1. The trial has been harvested at the

stage when 80% of the bolls have burst.

The weather data for the season is summarized in Table 3 and the result of the soil

analysis of the plot where the trial was planted is presented in Table 4.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

All results are presented in Tables 1 to 6 and relevant graphs and pictures (Figures

1 to 7).

Yield parameters

Yield (seed cotton and fibre %)

From Table 2 it can be seen that the yield of the cultivars 13 P3001 B2R2, Gariep

VT1 and Gariep VT 2 differed significantly from the rest of the cultivars. Gariep VT1

and VT2 have grown very vigorously and the plants height was 1.5-1.7 m. This

resulted in too much vegetative growth and lead subsequently to very low yields.

The cultivar DP 210 produced the highest seed cotton yield of 6629 kg/ha, followed

by 13P3005 B2R2 with 6443 kg/ha. The cultivar 13 P3005 B2R2 produced the

highest fibre yield with 2700 kg/ha. The fibre percentage varied from 37.8- 43.5 %

between cultivars. Candia B2R2F had the highest fibre percentage of 43.5%.

Quality parameters

Fibre length

From Table 2 it can be seen that the cultivars differed significantly with regard to

fibre length. The cultivars Candia B2RF, Candia BG2D, DP 210 BRF and 13P3001

B2R2 did not differ significantly from each other. Candia B2RF had the highest fibre

length of 31.02 mm.

Fibre strength

DP 1240 B2RFR has the highest strength of 31.6 (g/tex). There were no significant

differences between DP1240 B2RFRF, Candia B2RF, Candia BG2D, 13P3005 BSR2

and Gariep VT 1, but they differed significantly from the rest of the cultivars.

6

Micronaire

All the cultivars’ micronaire values were within the acceptable ranges between 3.5

and 4.9.

Nematode infestation

From Table 5, Table 6 and Figure 7 it can be seen clearly that root-knot nematode

numbers were high in both the soil and root samples. Although Vydate was applied

once during the season, it was not effective enough to reduce nematode numbers

below the economic threshold; the nematode infection had a definite negative

influence on the yield of all the cultivars. In future, more than one application

should be done to get better control.

7

Table 1. Douglas trial information

Planting date 28/10/2014

Harvesting date 28/05/2015

Rainfall (mm) 6.6 mm

Nitrogen applied (kg ha-1) 160 kg

Phosphorus applied (kg ha-1) 50 kg

Potassium applied (kg ha-1) 60 kg

Weed control Manual


Defoliation Ginstar

Nematode control Sprayed with Vydate (once)

Bollworm control Supermethrin

8

Table 2. Yield and fibre characteristics of the cotton cultivar trial planted under irrigation at Douglas, 2014/2015.

Variety DP210

BRF

Delta

12BRF

BRF

13P300

1 B2R2

13P300

5 B2R2

DP1240

B2RFRF

Gariep

VT1

Gariep

VT2

Candia

BG2D

Candia

B2RF

LSD(Tukey

(p<0.05)

CV (%)

Yield (kg.ha-1) 6629 6057 4216 6443 5376 1740 1659 5940 5678

Pick 1 % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Fibre % 38.8 36.0 42.3 41.9 38.4 38.7 37.8 42.4 43.5

Fibre Yield 2572 2302 1783 2700 2064 673 627 2519 2442

Length (mm) 30.5 30.0 30.4 29.9 30.04 28.6 28.1 31.1 31.2 1.1 1.9

Uniformity 84.0 84.3 85.5 85.1 84.2 85.6 85.4 84.8 85.0 1.8 1.1

Strength (g.tex-1) 28.7 28.6 28.9 30.3 31.6 29.4 27.9 29.6 30.7 2.2 3.9

Rd 85.5 86.4 86.0 84.9 83.8 84.3 83.2 86.9 86.6 1.2 0.7

Plus b 6.3 6.4 6.5 7.2 7.5 7.6 7.7 6.7 6.4 0.5 3.6

Micronaire 4.1 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.5 3.7 4.2 3.9 4.2 0.4 5.8

Maturity .85 .85 .85 .85 .86 .83 .85 .84 .85 0 .01 0.7

9

Table 3. Weather data at Douglas, 2014/2015.


2014 November 30.4 9.8 2.7 33.5 6.8 9.8

2014 December 36.6 14.2 0.5 36.5 8.7 15.6

2015 January 36.6 16.3 0.3 32.9 7.9 16.4

2015 February 35.1 13.2 0.8 35.7 8.1 14.0

2015 March 32.8 13.9 1.1 21.7 5.1 12.4

2015 April 27.0 7.0 1.1 22.5 4.3 6.0

2015 May 28.4 2.4 0.1 17.0 3.5 4.0

Tx = Maximum temperature, Tn = Minimum temperature, Rs = Radiation, ETO =

Evapotranspiration, HU = Heat Units

Table 4. Soil sample analysis of Douglas (National Cotton Cultivar Trials),

2014/2015

Measured parameter 0-30 cm 30–60cm

pH 7.15 7.38


(mg/kg)

N 4 6

P (Bray1)

K

80

128

58

73

Ca 690 645

Mg 320 335

Na 95 100

S-Value 6.84 6.62

Ca% 50.5 48.7

Mg% 38.7 41.8

K% 4.8 2.8

Na% 6.0 6.6

10

Table 5. Nematode numbers in soil samples (in 200 cm³soil)

Sample ¹ Pratylenchus spp. ²Melodogyne spp. Spiral nematode

A 0 140 35

B 0 1120 0

¹Lesion nematode

²Root-knot nematode

Table 6. Nematode numbers in root samples (in 200 cm³soil)

Sample ¹ Pratylenchus spp. ²Melodogyne spp.

(50 g root)

²Melodogyne spp.

(5 g root)

A 0 2783 700

B 0 4289 1610

¹Lesion nematode

²Root-knot nematode

11

Figure 1. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha-1) of cotton cultivars planted under

irrigation, Douglas 2014/2015.

Figure 2. Fibre percentage (%) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

Douglas 2014/2015.

12

Figure 3. Fibre yield (kg ha¹) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

Douglas 2014/2015.

Figure 4. Fibre length (mm) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

Douglas 2014/2015.

13

Figure 5. Strength (g/tex - ¹) of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

Douglas 2014/2015.

Figure 6. Micronaire of cotton cultivars planted under irrigation,

14

Figure 7. Nematode infected roots of cotton plants at Douglas trial.

ncp report 2015 final -...

Documents