NCLEX-

PN High Yield Study bits 1cc =5ml 5ml =1tsp 30mL =1oz 30gm =1oz 0.4mg =1/150gr 60mg =1gr 1L =1,000mL 1,000g =1kg = 2.2lbs 15gr =1,000mg 15gr =1gm 1gm =1,000mg 60gtts =1tsp 5mL =1 dram 1pt =500mL 2pt =1 quart 1qt =1,000mL 1Gal = 4,000mL 1gt = 1min = 1gr Injections ...

1. Intradermal 15 degrees 25-27 gauge

3/8 length 0.01-0.1 mL amount

2. Subq

45 or 90 degrees 25-27 gauge 5/8 length 1.5 mL

3. IM

90 degrees 20-22 gauge 1-2" length Up to 3ml or divide into 2 syringes

4. Lab Values ...

PH 7.35-7.45 HCO3 22-26 PCO2 35-45 BUN 10-20mg Blood Glucose 60-100 Fasting level: 70-110 Platelets 150,000-400,000 HGB 12-18 HCT 37-52% Creatinine 0.6-1.2 HBA1C 4-6% Sodium 135-145 Potassium 3.5-5.0 Chloride 96-105

Calicum 4.5 Phosphorus 4 Magnesium 1.5-2.4

5. Blood Values ...

PT 9.6-11.8 INR 2 to 3 (Standard) 3 to 4.5 (High Dose Therapy) Malnutrition Mild: 17-18.49 Moderate: 16-16.9 Severe: Less than 16

Albumin 3.4-5 (Liver and Urine) Alkaline P 4.5 to 13 (Bone, Liver, Placenta, Intestine) Ammonia 10-80 (Liver) Alanine 4-6 (Liver) Asparte 0-35 (Cardiac) Amylase 25 to 151 (Kidney) Lipase 10-40 (Fatty Acids) Bilirubin Direct: 0 to 0.3 Indirect: 0.1 to 1 Uric Acid 2.5 to 8 Urine Test PH 4.5 to 7.8 Urine Specific Gravity 1.016-1.022 BMI Normal: 18.5-24.9

Overweight: 25-29.9 Obese I: 30-34.9

II: 35-39.9 III: 40-Greater

6. Red Blood Types ...

Blood Donor Type A Recipient: A, AB Blood Donor Type B Recipient: B, AB Blood Donor Type AB Recipient: AB Blood Donor Type O Recipient: A, B, AB, O

7. Medication Levels ...

Acetaminophen 10-20mg Tegretol 5-12mcg Digoxin 0.5-2mg Gentamicin 5-10mcg Lithium 0.5-1.3mcg Tobramycin 5-10mcg Valporic Acid 50-100mg Magnesium 4-7mg Dilantin 10-20mcg Saliscylates 100-250mcg Theophylline 10-20mcg

8. IV FLUIDS for Hypotonic ...

IV: Hypotonic 0.45 Saline

IV: Hypotonic 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution IV: Hypotonic 5% dextrose in 0.45 saline IV Fluids for Isotonic ... IV: Isotonic 0.9% Saline IV: Isotonic 5% dextrose in water(D5W) IV: Isotonic 5% dextrose in 0.225 saline IV: Isotonic Lactated Ringer Solution

Food Sources ...

9. Potassium Food Sources Spinach, Strawberries, Tomatoes,Avacados, Bananas, Canteloupe, Carrots, Fish, Mushrooms, Oranges, Potatoes, Pork, Veal, Beef

10. Foods with Sodium Bacon, Butter, Canned Foods, Cheese, Table Salt, Ketchup, Hot dogs, Lunch Meat, Milk, Soy Sauce

11. Foods with Calcium Cheese, Collars Greens, Soy and Milk, Sardines, Spinach, Tofu, Rhubarb, yogurt

12. Foods with Magnesium Tuna, Cauliflower, Oatmeal, Green Leafy Veggies, Yogurt, Milk, Peanut Butter, Peas, Pork, Beef, Chicken, Potatoes, Raisins

13. Insulins ...

Rapid Acting Insulins Aspart------>Novolog Glulisine-------> Apidra Lispro--------> Humalog Rapid Acting Insulin Onset: 10mins Peak: 1hr Duration 3-4hrs Rapid Acting Insulins Given 15mins before meals

Can be mixed with NPH Clear Short-Acting Insulins Regular Humulin Novolin Humulin(U 500)

Short-Acting Insulins Onset: 30 mins Peak: 3-5 hours Duration: 6 to 10 Short Acting Insulin Clear Don't mix with Lantus For emergencies, can be IV Best Refridgerated Can be mixed with NPH Intermediate(NPH) Cloudy Must be rotated Can be mixed with Regular, Lispro, Aspart Intermediate(NPH) Onset: 1hour Peak: 6 to 12 hrs Duration: 20 to 24hrs Glargine (Lantus) Onset: 1 hour Peak: none Duration: 24 hours

*Can't be mixed with nothing *Clear

14. Maslow's Hierachy ...

Physiological Needs (Basic) A, B, Cs Nutrition Elimination Heart Rate and Rhythm Safety & Security Protection from injury Promote Security Trust in Client-Nurse Relationships Love and Belonging

Maintain Support System Protection from Isolation Self-Esteem Control Competence Positive Regard Acceptance/Worthiness Self-Actualization Hope Spiritual Wellbeing Enhance Growth Bradycardia Less than 60 bpm Tachycardia Greater than 100 bpm Complications of Parenteral Nutrition Air Embolism Hyperglycemia Hypervolemia Hypoglycemia Infection Pneumothorax

Complications of IV Therapy ...

15. Infection

^ temp, chills, fever, redness, warmth, edema, pain at the site, ^ WBC

16. Infiltration Edema, Pain, and Coolness

17. Phlebitis Heat, Redness, Tenderness at Site

18. Thrombophlebitis Hard, Cord-Like Veins, Heat, Redness at Site

19. Fluid Overload

^ B/P, Rapid breathing, dyspnea, moist, cough

20. Air Embolism Tachycardia,, Chest Pain, Dyspnea, Cyanosis, Hypotension, Decrease LOC

21. Catheter Embolism Decrease B/P, Pain along Vein, Weak, Rapid Pulse, Cyanosis of Nail Bed, LOC

22. Pre-Operative Instructions Deep-Breathing & Coughing Excerises Incentive Spirometry Leg & Foot Excerises Splinting the Incision

23. Substances that affect surgery Antibiotics Anticholingerics Anti-coaulants Anticonvulsants Anti Depressants

24. Substances that affect surgery Antidysrhythmics Antihypertensives Corticosteriods Diurectics Herbal Substances Insulin

25. Medical Conditions that increase risk of Surgery Bleeding Disorders Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Pain Heart Diease (MI, CHF, PVD) Obstructive Sleep Apnea Upper Respiratory Disease

26. Medical Conditions that increase the risk of surgery Liver Disease

Fever Emphysema, Bronchitis, Asthma

Immunological Disorders Street Drugs

27. Post-Operative Complications Constipation Hemmorrhage Hypoxia Paralytic Ileus Pneumonia & Atelectasis Pulmonary Embolism

28. Post-Operative Complications Shock Thrombophlebitis Urinary Retention Wound Dehiscence Wound Evisceration Wound Infection

Positions for Procedures ...

29. Perineal & Vaginal Procedure Lithotomy

Thyroidectomy Semi-Fowler's or Fowler's

30. Hemmorrhoidectomy Lateral(Side-Lying) Position GERD Reverse Trendelenburg

31. Liver Biospy Lateral(Side-Lying)

32. NG Tube High Fowler's Irrigation & Tube Feeding Semi-Fowler's Rectal Enema Sims Postion Laryngectomy Semi-Fowler's or Fowler's Bronchoscopy Semi-Fowler's(Post-Op) Postural Drainage

Trendelenburg Thoracentesis Fowler's

33. Abdominal Aneurysm Resection Fowler's CHF & Pulmonary Edema High Fowler's Cataract Surgery Semi Fowler's or Fowler's Autonomic Dysflexia High Fowler's Cerebral Aneurysm & Craniotomu Semi-Fowler's to Fowler's

34. ICP Semi Fowler's or Fowler's

35. Lumbar Puncture Lateral(Side-Lying), or Supine

36. Spinal Cord Injury Neutral Postition

37. Total Hip Replacement Supine Position after a tonsillectomy Semi-prone or side-lying position after tonsillectomy to facilitate drainage.

Mental Health: Defense Mechanisms ...

Compensation Putting extra effort into an area of deficiency

38. Conversion: Expressing emotional conflict through physical symptoms

39. Denial Disowning, refuse to accept the truth

40. Displacement Anger towards one thing is directed to something less frightening

41. Dissociation

Blocking off events or people from mind

42. Fantasy Images and wishful thinking

43. Fixation Stuck on one thing and never moving

44. Indentification Attempt to change yourself to resemble an admired person

45. Insulation Withdrawing and Avoiding threatening Situations

46. Intellectualization Excessive reasoning to avoid feelings

47. Introjection Making someone else believe your values and traits for themselves

48. Isolation Blocking feelings associated with an unpleasant experience

49. Projection Taking feelings, thoughts, and unacceptable ideas & traits to someone else

50. Rationalization An attempt to make unacceptable feelings and behaviors acceptable to justify behavior

51. Reaction formation Developing attitudes & behaviors that are opposite to what one really feels

52. Regression

Going back to an early age to express an impulse to deal with anxiety

53. Repression Blocking undesirable and unacceptable thoughts from conscious expression

54. Splitting tendency to view others or events as all good or all bad

55. Sublimation Replacement of something unacceptable with an socially acceptance

56. Subsitution Replacement of unacceptable object with an accepted one

57. Suppression Deliberate forgetting of badthoughts, ideas, and feelings

58. Symbolization

Using an idea or object to represent and event or space

59. Undoing Engaging in positive behavior, thoughts, or feelings Commonly Used Herbs & Health Products ...

60. Aloe Anti-inflammatory, Anti-Microbal, Wound Healing

61. Black Cohosh Estrogen Like Effects

62. Chamomile Anti-spasmodic, Anti-Inflammatory

63. Feverfew

Anti-inflammatory, used for headaches, arthritis, fever

64. Garlic Antioxidant; improves chloestrol

65. Ginger Antiemetic; Nausea, Vomiting

66. Ginkgo Biloba Antioxidant; improves memory

67. Ginseng Increase physical endurance, used for stress & fatigue

68. Glucosamine Amino Acid that synthesis cartilage

69. Melatonin Regulates Sleep

70. Peppermint Oil

Anti-Spasmodic; Used for IBS

71. St. John Wort Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antidepressant

72. Zinc Antiviral, Stimulates the immune system

73. Most appropriate location for assessing the pulse of an infant who is less than 1 year old?

Brachial

74. What is late sign of increased ICP in a 5 year old child?

Late signs of increased ICP include a significant decrease in the level of consciousness, bradycardia, and fixed and dilated pupils.

75. A major symptom associated with Reye's syndrome is:

Persistent vomiting is a major symptom that is associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

76. After a tonsillectomy, which of the following fluid or food items would be appropriate to

offer After a tonsillectomy, clear, cool liquids should be administered.

The most appropriate diet for a client with cystic fibrosis Children with CF are managed with a high-calorie, high-protein diet.

77. Isoniazid (INH)

Isoniazid is given to prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection from progressing to active disease. A chest x-ray film is obtained before the initiation of preventive therapy. In infants and children, the recommended duration of INH therapy is 9 months

78. Strabismus

The nurse may suspect strabismus in a child when the child complains of frequent headaches, squints, or tilts the head to see

79. After a myringotomy with the insertion of tympanostomy tubes:

A small amount of reddish drainage is normal during the first few days after surgery.

80. Administration of eardrops for 2-year-old child

Pull the earlobe down and back before instilling the eardrops

81. Bryant Tractions

Legs extended vertically, limbs extended( Legs & Butt off the bed Treat femur fractures in children under 2

82. Buck Extensions

Pulls the hips and the leg into extension(legs pulled straight)

83. Russell Tractions

Sling is positioned under knee pull in two directions, vertically from the knee sling and longitudinally from foot plate

84. Skeletal Traction

Wire is inserted into the bone traction is applied to the pin

85. GTAPL means

G: Gravida- Number of pregnancies including present 1 T: Term- # of children at term (Longer than 37 weeks) P: Preterm- # of preterm pregnancies(Shorter than 37 weeks) A: Abortions- # miscarriages before 20 weeks L: Live Births- # of Living Children