GOOD BACTERIA

MOBILE APPLICATION

NAZIFAH BINTI OTHMAN

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS

FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

DECEMBER 2018

APPROVAL

This project report entitled Good Bacteria Mobile App was prepared and submitted by

Nazifah binti Othman, matric number BTDL16043047 and in my point of view, this

project fulfils a condition to be awarded a Bachelor of Information Technology

(Informatics Media) with Honor in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA).

Signature:

Supervisor: Fauziah binti Abd Wahab

Date :

DECLARATION

I at this moment declare that this report is based on my original work except for

quotations and citation which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has

not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan

Zainal Abidin

Signature :

Name: Nazifah binti Othman

Date:

II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, all praise is only for

Him the documentation, Projek Ilmiah 2018/2019 is finish due the time. Never forget to

my kind supervisor, Fauziah binti Abd Wahab for the valuable idea, time, support,

advice, guidance, and ideas given through the development of research until complete

the part of the project in phase one. Also, I want to dedicate my appreciation to my

beloved family that supports and motivates me during process finishing project. Next,

thanks a lot to friends that willing to lend their hand for finishing the project. Lastly, thank

you to everyone who directly or indirectly involved in the process of making the system

and documentation.

III

ABSTRAK

Projek akhir pembangunan aplikasi mudah alih “ Good Bacteria “ ini telah

dibangunkan dalam bentuk aplikasi android. Ia bertujuan untuk memudahkan pengguna

dan seiring dengan dunia teknologi yang semakin berkembang maju. Projek ini

dibangunkan sebagai satu alternatif untuk kegunaan cikgu, pelajar dan pengguna yang

ingin mempelajari bakteria dengan lebih mendalam. Aplikasi ini mengabungkan

pelbagai elemen menarik seperti audio, video, imej, animasi 2D dan sebagainya supaya

pengguna tidak berasa bosan apabila menggunakan aplikasi ini. Didalam aplikasi ini

tedapat empat modul antaranya ialah “ introduction”, “bacteria”, “activity” dan “help”.

Perisian yang digunakan untuk membangunkan aplikasi ini ialah Adobe Flash CS6,

Adobe Indesign, Adobe Photoshop dan Android studio. Kesimpulannya, dengan

terciptanya aplikasi ini, sedikitsebanyak dapat membantu dan memberikan manfaat

kepada golongan yang menggunakan aplikasi ini.

IV

ABSTRACT

The final project of "Good Bacteria" mobile application has been developed in the form

of android apps. It aims to facilitate users and in line with the ever-expanding

technological world. This project is developed as an alternative to the use of teachers,

students and users who want to learn more about bacteria. The app combines a variety

of interesting elements such as audio, video, images, 2D animation and so on so users

do not get bored when using this app. In this application there are four modules,

including "introduction", "bacteria", "activity" and "help". The software used to develop

this application is Adobe Flash CS6, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Photoshop and Android

studio. In conclusion, with this application, many of them can help and give benefit the

people who use this app.

V

CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL I

DECLARATION II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III

ABSTRAK IV

ABSTRACT V

CONTENTS VI

LIST OF TABLES VII

LIST OF FIGURE IX

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ TERMS / SYMBOLS X

CHAPTER 1 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Project Introduction 1

1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Project Objective 2

1.4 Project Scope 3

1.5 Expected Outcome 3

VI

1.6 Milestone 4

CHAPTER 2 5

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2.1 INTRODUCTION 5

2.2.1 Existing Application (Bacteria) 6

2.2.2 Existing Application (Bacteria Identification) 7

2.2.3 Existing Journal 8

CHAPTER 3 10

3.0 METHODOLOGY 10

3.1 Introduction 10

3.2 Methodology for Mobile Apps 11

3.2.1 Analysis Phase 11

3.2.2 Design Phase 12

3.2.3 Development Phase 12

3.2.4 Implementation Phase 13

3.2.5 Evaluation 13

3.3 Project Requirement 14

3.3.1 Software Requirement 14

3.3.2 Hardware Requirement 15

3.4 Navigation Map 16

3.5 Proof of concept 17

3.6 Techniques 23

Reference 24

LIST OF TABLE

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart 4

Table 1.2 Existing Journal 8

Table 3.1 List of software requirement 14

Table 3.2 List of hardware requirement 15

VII

LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURE NO TITLE PAGE

Figure 2.1 Existing Application Bacteria 6

Figure 2.2 Bacteria Identification 7

Figure 3.1 Use ADDIE Model 11

Figure 3.2 Enter 17

Figure 3.3 Menu 17

Figure 3.4 Introduction 18

Figure 3.5 Type of Bacteria 18

Figure 3.6 Example type of bacteria 19

Figure 3.7 Activity 19

Figure 3.8 Quiz 20

Figure 3.9 Score 20

Figure 3.10 Puzzle 21

Figure 3.11 Match it 21

Figure 3.12 Credit 22

Figure 3.13 Help 22

Figure 3.14 Exit 23

IX

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ TERMS / SYMBOLS

ADDIE - Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, Evaluation

MySQL - My Structured Query Language

X

1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Bacteria are the most abundant form of life on the planet. They are found in most every

environment, from Antarctic ice, to boiling hydrothermal vents, to inside your stomach. Most of

these do not hurt us. Actually, many of these organisms are very important to our survival.

Bacteria help many animals to digest food, they help trees grow, and they are important in the

recycling of nutrients in the environment. They are also used in biotechnology applications to

produce everything from food to energy to clean water. We also have good bacteria within and

on our own body. In our body we have ten times more bacterial cells in human body. Most of

these bacteria are in our digestive system. There, they help to digest substances that the

human body cannot break down, like many carbohydrates and things called short chain fatty

acids. It is important that we keep this population healthy. Eating probiotics can help to replenish

good gut bacteria. On the other hand, taking unnecessary antibiotics can hurt this community.

When this happens, we often get symptoms like diarrhea or stomach pain. The purpose of these

apps are to introduce the types of bacteria that give benefit to the human body bacteria in a way

that can be understood as well as to attract the attention of people with an interactive way in

recognizing good bacteria.

2

1.2 Problem statement

People nowadays assume that all bacteria are harmful and also do not know the benefits of

the bacteria. Based on observations and studies conducted, the constraints or problems

identified are still less applications that introduce good bacteria in the human body through

mobile applications. Many platforms are used to introduce the bacteria such as website or apps

in a way that uninteresting and also not attract the attention of people.

1.3 Project Objective

The main objective of the Good Bacteria apps is

• To design a mobile apps which is user friendly that easy to use.

• To develop the apps by make it easier for the user to understand the good type of

bacteria in human body.

• To test and evaluate this application to know whether this apps is easy to use or not.

3

1.4 Project Scope

The app is designed for both students and teachers who study or teach in Bacteriology,

Microbiology or other biological related sciences. It is also suitable for amateurs to get a basic

profile of bacteria and related information. For students, the app is the best illustrated instant

note suitable for either the first time learning or revising before exams .

In this application there are several modules, the first module is to introduce the content that

contained in the application.The second module are recognizes the types of bacteria found in

the human body, in this module it will tell the benefit of the bacteria. Next, the activity section to

test the level of understanding obtained by the user after seeing what is in the application. This

app has some mind test questions and the user should answer all the questions. Example

activity that will have in application are puzzle and also quiz. Each question has a

predetermined score. in addition, a help button will also be provided which works manually to

illuminate and assist users who need help. Lastly, the credit button

1.5 Expected Outcome

The expected outcomes of the good bacteria application after completing the development is

will ease user to know about bacteria even deeper and improve user knowledge. At the same

time, this application will show the advantages of the bacteria in the human body in interactive

way to attract people attention. These results represented to achieve the objective project which

is to design a mobile application for user who want to learn about good bacteria that exist in

human body.

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1.6 Milestone

Table 1.1: Gantt Chart

No.

ACTIVITIES WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11

12

13

14

15

1 Topic Confirmation & Discussion with Supervisor

2 Project Title Proposal

3 Submission of proposal

4 Preparation of Chapter1 1.1 Background 1.2 Problem Statement 1.3 Objectives 1.4 Scope 1.5 Expected Outcome 1.6 Milestone

5 Preparation of Chapter2 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Literature review 2.3 Research comparison

6 Proposal Progress Presentation & Evaluation

7 Discussion & Correction Proposal

8 Proposed Solution Methodology (Chapter 3) 3.1 Problem identification 3.2 Design conceptual model 3.2.1 Process model 3.2.2 Data model 3.3 Method 3.3.1 Formula/ Algorithm / technique

10 Proof of Concept– Develop prototype

11 Drafting Report of the Proposal

12 Submit draft of report to supervisor

13 Seminar Presentation & Final presentation

14 Correction Report

15 Final Report Submission

5

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Intoduction

There are several platforms to introduce type of good bacteria in human body such as

books, websites and also applications that are available in playstore which provides easy

access for users to know good bacteria that is in the human body. After making an observation

on the application that contained in the playstore there are many deficiencies in the mobile

apps. The information that given in the app is quite compact. Other than that, the interface is not

attractive. The information provided is not easy to understand and also boring, this will cause

users not interested in reading it. The main purpose of this application is to attract attention the

user to recognize the good bacteria in the human body and to learn the benefit in each type of

bacteria.

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2.2.1 Existing Application ( Bacteria)

This application describes the types of bacteria. Other than that, this application just like a

book to learn the types of bacteria. The information contained in the application is taken from

wikipedia article. This applications can be downloaded into smartphones and also can be

brought anywhere and used as guidance for analyzing bacteria. However, there is a shortage in

this application such as the information given are uninteresting and does not have image to

describe about the bacteria .This will make user not interested in reading it.

Figure 2,1 Existing Application Bacteria

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2.2.2 Existing application ( Bacteria Identification)

This app is to provide the steps for the identification of medically important bacteria. It

contains further steps of differentiation from gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

Other than that, it contains information on medically important bacteria commonly

encountered in the laboratory. It also contains information on the biochemical tests

commonly performed for the isolation of bacteria. However, there is a shortage in this

application such as the information given are too much. Furthermore, the interface are not

user friendly because the layout, the font and also the color are not attractive.

Figure 2.2 : Bacteria Identification

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2.2.3 Existing journal

Author/ Year

Journal

Objective

Problem

Statement

Advantages

Ana Sandoiu

(2018)

Study shows

how ‘friendly’

bacteria keep

our gut healthy

To ensure

bacteria

collaborate in

the human

organ to prevent

from infection

Problem in

getting bacteria

interact with the

human gut

Bacteria work

with immune

system to help

keep human

body healthy

Yvette Brazie

(2017)

What are

bacteria and

what do they

do?

To know the

benefit of the

bacteria in

human body

People assume

that all bacteria

are harmful and

also do not

know the

benefits of the

bacteria.

Bacteria support

many forms of

life, both plant

and animal, and

they are used in

industrial and

medicinal

processes.

9

Robert Sanders

(2018)

Gut bacteria's

shocking secret:

They produce

electricity

To ensure the

gut bacteria can

produce

electricity

Problem in

getting

information

about bacteria

produce

electricity

Bacteria support

many forms of

life, both plant

and animal, and

they are used in

industrial and

medicinal

processes.

Table 1.2 : Existing Journal

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CHAPTER 3

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

3.0 Project Methodology

3.1 Introduction

In this chapter, the methodologies use in researching and developing the project are

stated. The steps in the methodology will be further explained and concluded. Besides that,

the hardware and software requirements needed for project development will be list and

briefly explained. The project methodology should be organized in a scientific investigation

to solve problems, hunting for facts or truth about the subject to make sure this project

complete and working well. It is an important step of development since it will guide

researcher through software development. In order to plan a good project, it should start

with a good understanding on user requirement. The nature of the problem is studied and

related idea of knowledge is identified.

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3.2 Methodology for Mobile Apps

Figure 3.1 Use ADDIE Model

3.2.1 Analysis Phase

This phase is to analyze the existing application. In this phase, the process of gather and

analyze information regarding to similar good bacteria is advanced for further

understanding more about good bacteria apps process and acquire more ideas for

additional features. Thus, the application process can be ease with all these information.

Other than that, android studio, adobe flash CS6, adobe photoshop CS6 and many more

are used to develop good bacteria application. Besides, a brief discussion is made with the

supervisor Madam Fauziah binti Ab. Wahab to obtain more information about the Good

Bacteria features.

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3.2.2 Design Phase

In the design phase, the design was developed based on the requirement that have been

collected and analyzed from the requirement analysis phase. This phase is more focused

on design that has been drawn in the storyboard .Other than that, this phase is given a

comprehensive overview of the graphic structure, text, content and technology involved.

Storyboard is used as a guide for the layout of the graphic and text according to the

contents. Besides, every design developed must be compatible with the message to be

delivered. Apart from that, activities also need to be established to strengthen the

understanding of users through the training provided. For this apps, Adobe Photoshop and

Adobe Flash are used to design the layout and contents.

3.2.3 Development Phase

In the development phase, the development was developed based on the requirement

that have been collected and analyzed from the requirement design phase. Development

here refers to the process of developing or producing software using existing applications.

By using Android Studio, Adobe Flash, Adobe Photoshop and many more to develop this

apps. Thus, this apps must be appropriate to the user’s background, age, capability level

and so on. Apart from that, the effect of movement in animation will begin to develop.

Interesting programs such as graphics that have various sound effects and so forth are

provided for users not to be bored in the learning process.

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3.2.4 Implementation Phase

In the implementation, the application should be presented to test its effectiveness and

see unnoticed problems during the design phase and development that may exist. This

implementation phase is implemented by presenting to the panels, supervisors Madam

Fauziah binti Ab. Wahab and partners to meet the criteria set out in the analysis phase.

Thus, testing is very important to produce a quality application that is interesting and easy

to understand by users. The purpose of this implementation is to find out minor errors may

not be realized during the development of the project

3.2.5 Evaluation phase

In the evaluation, evaluation involves the process of obtaining feedback from user about

the contents, strategy , graphic, audio, video, the layout and the information about the good

bacteria and so on that will show in this application either through the interview,

questionnaire, test and many more to ensure it is appropriate. If obtaining feedback that

says it does not fit the requirements of the user’s, renovation process will be implemented

to ensure that it is appropriate to the scope of the user in the given period.

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3.3 Project Requirement

Project requirement includes two parts which are software requirements and

hardware requirements. The requirements the project to ensure the completion process

well and every aspect requirement need to be used for chapter implementation and analyze

to make sure the correct usage of the application.

3.3.1 Software Requirement

Table 3.1: List of software requirement:

No. SOFTWARE Purpose

1. Android Studio Used to code the core program of the project.

It debugs and run, tests the application

2. Adobe Flash CS6 To run the apps and to edit image and

graphic, video and audio.

3. MySQL Database Database for the apps

4. Adobe Photoshop Used to design the logo, background, and

interface of the application

5. Adobe InDesign Used to add text, design the logo,

background, and interface of the application

6. Microsoft Word 2010 Used to do the documentation of application

7. Google Chrome A browser to run the localhost and searching

for information

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3.3.2 Hardware Requirement

Table 3.2: List of Hardware requirements

No. Hardware Description

1, Laptop ASUS A455L

2. Processor Intel Core i5-4210U CPU @ 2.70GHz

3. Memory 4 GB RAM

4. Operating System Windows 8

5. System type 64-bit Operating System

6. Pendrive Apacer 32 GB

7. Mobile Phone Huawei Nova 3i

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3.4 Navigation map

GOOD BACTERIA

INTRODUCTION BACTERIA ACTIVITY HELP

Quiz

Puzzle

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Bacillus coagulans

Bifidobacterium animalis

Lactococcus lactis

Escherichia coli

Lactobacillus reuteri

Lactobacillus johnsonil

Bifidobacterium longum

Bacillus subtilis

Saccharomyces Boulardi

Match it

17

3.5 Proof of concept

Figure 3.2 Enter

Figure 3.3 Menu

18

Figure 3.4 Introduction

Figure 3.5 Type of Bacteria

19

Figure 3.6 Example type of bacteria

Figure 3.7 Activity

20

Figure 3.8 Quiz

Figure 3.9 Score

21

Figure 3.10 Puzzle

Figure 3.11 Match it

22

Figure 3.12 Credit

Figure 3.13 Help

23

Figure 3.14 Exit

3.6 Techniques

Database : The score will save in database by using Adobe Flash CS6 or

android studio.

2D Animation : create some bacteria character in 2D animation to attract

users attention to learn more about the bacteria.

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REFERENCES

• Brazier, Y. (2017, OCTOBER 31). ARTICLE. Retrieved from What are bacteria

and what do they do?

• Sandoiu, A. (2018, JULY 5). article. Retrieved from Study shows how 'friendly'

bacteria keep our gut healthy

• Sanders, R. (2018, SEPTEMBER 12). ARTICLE. Retrieved from Gut bacteria's

shocking secret: They produce electricity

• Acharya, R. (September 4, 2018, september 4). apps. Retrieved from playstore

• Books, H. (2018, september 18). apps. Retrieved from playstore: