nature’s recipe for nuclear matter atoms for peace + 50 conference october 22, 2003 james symons...
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Nature’s Recipe for Nuclear Matter
Atoms for Peace + 50 ConferenceOctober 22, 2003
James SymonsLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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Themes in 2003
• Neutrino Properties• Nuclear Astrophysics• Nuclear Matter• Understanding Quark Confinement• Nuclear Structure
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Neutrino Properties - The nucleus as laboratory for fundamental studies
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1964: Bahcall and Davis propose an experiment to detect solar Neutrinos
But the experiment only detects neutrinos at one third of the expected rate from the ssm!
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Situation in 1990
3 neutrino species
Mass < 1eV
Solar neutrino problem
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Why Kamioka?
KamLAND
80% of flux frombaselines 140 to 210 km
Kashiwazaki
Takahama
Ohi
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National Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory
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Nuclear Physics and the Universe
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Phase Diagram of Nuclear MatterPhase Diagram of Nuclear Matter
Density
Tem
pera
ture
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Jefferson Lab - CEBAF
Understanding Quark Confinement
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Nuclear Structure
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Rare Isotope Accelerator
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rp p
roce
ss
r process
40 50 60 70 80 9010
-2
10-1
100
101
Where RIA can take usWhere RIA can take us
solar r abundanceobserved
Metal -poor halo star (HST)
abun
danc
e
Z
CS22892-052
RIA intensities (nuc/s)>1012
1010
106
102
10-2
10-6
neutrons
protons
X-ray burst (RXTE)
331
330
329
328
327
Fre
quen
cy (
Hz )
10 15 20Time (s)
4U1728-34
10 20 30Wavelength ()
V382 VelNe
Nova (HST)
T Pyxidis
Nova (Chandra)
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One view of the field
neutrinosneutrinos
RHICRHIC
CEBAFCEBAFRIARIA
nucleonnucleonQCDQCD
few-body systemsfew-body systemsfree NN forcefree NN force
many-body systemsmany-body systemseffective NN forceeffective NN force
fewfewnucleonsnucleons
heavyheavynucleinuclei
quarksquarksgluonsgluons
quark-gluonquark-gluonplasmaplasma
QCDQCD
USLUSL
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"for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith"
1952
2003
"for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging"
MRI Image using Polarized 3He
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Available from Office of Science Web Sitehttp://www.sc.doe.gov/henp/np
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Scientific Challenges
• Measure value of neutrino mass
• Understand how supernovae explode
• Explore the nature of nuclear matter
• Explore limits of quark confinement
• Heavy Element Nucleosynthesis and Structure
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CHL-2CHL-2
Upgrade magnets Upgrade magnets and power and power suppliessupplies
Enhance equipment in Enhance equipment in existing hallsexisting halls
6 GeV CEBAF1112Add new hallAdd new hall