nature of education_web_2011
DESCRIPTION
Overview of the contested nature of "education" for an introductory session. Original by Peter Hadfield.TRANSCRIPT
Planning & Preparing to TeachSession One
The Nature of Education and the role of the Teacher
Peter Hadfield (with additional confusion added by James Atherton)
Reference
Tummons, J (2010) Becoming a Professional Tutor
in the Lifelong Learning Sector (2nd Ed)
Outcomes
Define what we mean by the term ‘Education’
Appreciate the need to be familiar with the current educational discourse
Identify current policies and practices in Post-Compulsory education that impact upon role
Examine the role of the teacher in a Post-Compulsory context.
Outcomes
Define what we mean by the term ‘Education’
Appreciate the need to be familiar with the current educational discourse
Identify current policies and practices in Post-Compulsory education that impact upon role
Examine the role of the teacher in a Post-Compulsory context.We are of course expected to announce these at the start of the session; does it help?
Education as a ‘Subject’….
History
Philosophy
Education
Psychology
Sociology
Education as a ‘Subject’….
History
Philosophy
Education
Psychology
Sociology
Is education a “subject” like these others?
It can be seen through all these lenses, and looks different through each.
Education as a ‘Subject’….
History
Philosophy
Education
Psychology
Sociology
Is education a “subject” like these others?
10 April 2023
Population S-curveP
op
ula
tio
n
Time
HighPopulationTurnover
Rapid PopulationGrowth
IncipientPopulationDecline
This is the Riesman model: see http://www.doceo.co.uk/background/riesman.htm for explication
10 April 2023
Population and EconomyP
op
ula
tio
n
Time
Primary (subsistence)Economy
Secondary(Production)Economy
Tertiary(Service)Economy
Accelerating Change
<< ><< >
10 April 2023
Riesman’s modelP
op
ula
tio
n
Time
Tradition-directedculture
Inner-directedculture
Other-directedculture
<< ><< >
10 April 2023
Education &Social character
Po
pu
lati
on
Time
Pass on revealedtruth
Charge up to apply
Negotiate
<< ><< >
10 April 2023
Education is…
... in all pre-modern societies, including that of agrarian Europe, education was designed to preserve what had already been achieved and to put a brake on the ingenuity and curiosity of the individual, which could undermine the stability of a community that had no means of integrating or exploiting fresh insights. In the madrasahs, for example, pupils learned old texts and commentaries by heart, and the teaching consisted of a word-by-word explication of a standard textbook. Public disputations between scholars took it for granted that one of the debaters was right and the other wrong. There was no idea, in the question-and-answer style of study, of allowing the clash of two opposing positions to build a new synthesis.
ARMSTRONG K (2001) Islam: a short history London: Phoenix (pp. 87-88).
<< ><< >
10 April 2023
Education is…
... in all pre-modern societies, including that of agrarian Europe, education was designed to preserve what had already been achieved and to put a brake on the ingenuity and curiosity of the individual, which could undermine the stability of a community that had no means of integrating or exploiting fresh insights. In the madrasahs, for example, pupils learned old texts and commentaries by heart, and the teaching consisted of a word-by-word explication of a standard textbook. Public disputations between scholars took it for granted that one of the debaters was right and the other wrong. There was no idea, in the question-and-answer style of study, of allowing the clash of two opposing positions to build a new synthesis.
ARMSTRONG K (2001) Islam: a short history London: Phoenix (pp. 87-88).
<< ><< >
Karen Armstrong is describing education in a tradition-directed culture
10 April 2023
Education is…
“As civilised human beings, we are the inheritors, neither of an enquiry about ourselves and the world, nor of an accumulating body of information, but of a conversation, begun in the primeval forests and extended and made more articulate in the course of centuries. It is a conversation which goes on both in public and within each of ourselves... Education, properly speaking, is an initiation into the skill and partnership of the conversation in which we learn to recognise the voices, to distinguish the proper occasions of utterance, and in which we acquire the intellectual and moral habits appropriate to conversation”
Michael Oakeshott (1962).
10 April 2023
Education is…
“As civilised human beings, we are the inheritors, neither of an enquiry about ourselves and the world, nor of an accumulating body of information, but of a conversation, begun in the primeval forests and extended and made more articulate in the course of centuries. It is a conversation which goes on both in public and within each of ourselves... Education, properly speaking, is an initiation into the skill and partnership of the conversation in which we learn to recognise the voices, to distinguish the proper occasions of utterance, and in which we acquire the intellectual and moral habits appropriate to conversation”
Michael Oakeshott (1962).
Oakeshott’s is the Enlightenment, liberal/humanistic view
10 April 2023
Education is…
Learning is the key to prosperity - for each of us as individuals, as well as for the nation as a whole. Investment in human capital will be the foundation of success in the knowledge-based global economy of the twenty-first century. This is why the Government has put learning at the heart of its ambition. [...]
To achieve stable and sustainable growth, we will need a well-educated, well-equipped and adaptable labour force. To cope with rapid change […] we must ensure that people can return to learning throughout their lives…
BLUNKETT D (1998) Foreword to The Learning Age: a renaissance for a new Britain Department for Education and Employment Green Paper;
London HMSO.
<<<<
10 April 2023
Education is…
Learning is the key to prosperity - for each of us as individuals, as well as for the nation as a whole. Investment in human capital will be the foundation of success in the knowledge-based global economy of the twenty-first century. This is why the Government has put learning at the heart of its ambition. [...]
To achieve stable and sustainable growth, we will need a well-educated, well-equipped and adaptable labour force. To cope with rapid change […] we must ensure that people can return to learning throughout their lives…
BLUNKETT D (1998) Foreword to The Learning Age: a renaissance for a new Britain Department for Education and Employment Green Paper;
London HMSO.
<<<<
And this is the utilitarian, instrumental view of it; it’s not so much a good in itself as a means to an end--prosperity
Dual Professionalism…
Subject Specialist
ProfessionalEducator
Pedagogy
Professional Codes of Practice
Dual Professionalism…
Subject Specialist
ProfessionalEducator
Pedagogy
Professional Codes of Practice
The role of the tutor is therefore to be not only a practitioner of her subject or discipline, but also a teacher; hence “dual professionalism” and what this course is about
The task of the tutor is to induct the learner into a professional identity, represented by this fuzzy green background...
Political
Background
Legal
AspectsResearchmethods
EthicsPhilosophies / models ofPractice
Discipline-SpecificTheory
ProfessionalStudies
Practiceskills
Technology
Values
The task of the tutor is to induct the learner into a professional identity, represented by this fuzzy green background...
Political
Background
Legal
AspectsResearchmethods
EthicsPhilosophies / models ofPractice
Discipline-SpecificTheory
ProfessionalStudies
Practiceskills
Technology
Values
The task of the tutor is to induct the learner into a professional identity, represented by this fuzzy green background...
But because we teach on organised “courses” which have to be arranged and timetabled in neat boxes, we never cover the messy stuff...
PoliticalSocial
TechnologicalProvision
Influences on Adult Education
28/09/2011 - v4
FundingLEA
HEFCE
SFA
Markets
Economics Global
EU
Legislation Acts/Regulation
Accountabilty League tables
Stakeholders
Market Forces Competativeness/Competition
NeedsWants
ValuesDiversity
Widening Participation
Role of the StateExpectationsMulti Cultural
Role Business/Industry & Commenrce
Communities
ComputerisationWWWMediaSpeedExpectation(s)
Education
TrainingSkills
Skills gap
Higher EducationFurther Education
SchemesAdult Education
PoliticalSocial
TechnologicalProvision
Influences on Adult Education
28/09/2011 - v4
FundingLEA
HEFCE
SFA
Markets
Economics Global
EU
Legislation Acts/Regulation
Accountabilty League tables
Stakeholders
Market Forces Competativeness/Competition
NeedsWants
ValuesDiversity
Widening Participation
Role of the StateExpectationsMulti Cultural
Role Business/Industry & Commenrce
Communities
ComputerisationWWWMediaSpeedExpectation(s)
Education
TrainingSkills
Skills gap
Higher EducationFurther Education
SchemesAdult Education
Given that there are so many contested ideas in the field of education, it is not really surprising that it is overrun with regulatory bodies, often with competing and irreconcilable agendas
The post-16 curriculum
The Equal
Opportunities
Ideology
The Vocational
Training
Ideology
The Cultural
Heritage
Ideology
Traditional values of
Education
Education for all
A ‘social good’ Investment in Human Capital
The post-16 curriculum
The Equal
Opportunities
Ideology
The Vocational
Training
Ideology
The Cultural
Heritage
Ideology
Traditional values of
Education
Education for all
a ‘social good’ Investment in Human Capital
Here are three of the competing ideologies, all making claims on you: the red one clearly underpins the official (LLUK) curriculum of this course...