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NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5 The Surface of the Earth: Rocks

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NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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What do you think is under the floor of the classroom? What do you think is under the buildings pipes and foundations? What do you think is under the schools playground? NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Different layers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgnn096PfWQ NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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The surface of the Earth is called the crust We live on the thin outer layer of the Earths surface It is made up of rocks and soil It is about 70 km thick under a continent and 10km thick under the sea NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5 Crust

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The crust also goes under the sea The deepest part of the sea is the Marianas Trench (South of Japan, near the Marianas Islands) It is 11 km deep The suns light can not reach it NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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The rock layer under the crust is called the MANTLE It is sticky, hotter and much thicker than the crust It is almost 3 000km thick It is also made up of rocks Rocks become soft in places because of the heat. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5 Mantle

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The outer core: Made up of VERY hot liquid lava Lava is mostly melted iron and nickel The inner core: Very hot A solid ball of mostly iron and nickel NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Soil Found in the Earths crust Most plants grow in soil Planets need the minerals in the soil No soil = no plants = no animals, no humans NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Air Air has oxygen All living things need oxygen to live NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Water Plants use water and the Suns energy to make their own food Without water, all living things would die Water is a solvent NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Sunlight The Sun gives the Earth energy All living things need energy to grow Plants need the Sun to make their own food Animals need the Sun because it helps the plants to make food for them to eat NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

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Image credit: www.csun.edu/.../ ES300/300earthinterior.jpg Image credit: Chuck Nice for www.startalkradio.net Image credit: Sherihan Khedr http://cpaggirl.blogspot.com/2011_01_01_archive.htmlhttp://cpaggirl.blogspot.com/2011_01_01_archive.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xLiOFjemWQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xLiOFjemWQ www.kidsgeo.com www.kidsgeo.com http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/04/120405-james-cameron-mariana- trench-deepsea-challenger-oceans-science/ http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/04/120405-james-cameron-mariana- trench-deepsea-challenger-oceans-science/ http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0023-earths-outer-core.php http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0023-earths-outer-core.php http://www.stress-management-for-peak-performance.com/diaphragmatic- breathing.html (image) http://www.stress-management-for-peak-performance.com/diaphragmatic- breathing.html www.thetahoetrader.com (image) www.thetahoetrader.com https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/mr-volk-s-science-website/science- content/ (image) https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/mr-volk-s-science-website/science- content/ www.bhmpics.com www.bhmpics.com http://www.myschoolhouse.com/courses/O/1/69.asp http://www.myschoolhouse.com/courses/O/1/69.asp www.thunderboltkids.co.za www.thunderboltkids.co.za CAPS Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5 Barnard T, Bevan W, Collett H, McKay R, Turley C. 2013. Oxford Successful Natural Science Grade 5 Leaners Book. Cape Town: Oxford University Press NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5