nationalist revolution sweep the west, 1789- 1900 chapter 24
TRANSCRIPT
Nationalist Revolution Sweep the West, 1789-1900
Chapter 24
Latin America Peoples Win Independence
Ch. 24, Section 1
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Creoles
Simon Bolivar
Jose de San Martin
Miguel Hidalgo
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Led a slave revolt that ended slavery on the island of Hispaniola
Creoles
Spearheaded the independence movement in Latin America
Why do you think that Latin-American-born Spaniards, a group that suffered far less
oppression than other groups, would be the group to lead the
revolution against Spain?
Simon Bolivar
The Liberator Led his forces against the Spanish army in the
Battle of Ayacucho The last major battle in the Spanish colonies’ war for
independence
Jose de San Martin
Military officer who liberated parts of Spanish-speaking South America Won independence for Argentina and Chile
Gave up command of his army afterwards
Miguel Hidalgo
Priest
Issued Grito de Dolores Called for a peasant rebellion in Mexico
Led the independence movement in Mexico
Europe Faces Revolution
Section 2
Schools of political thought
Nationalism
Nation-State
Balkans
Louis-Napoleon
Alexander II
Schools of political thought
Conservative Wealthy property owners and nobility Argued for protecting traditional monarchies in
Europe
Liberal Middle-class business leaders and merchants Wanted to give more power to elected parliments
Only the educated and landowners could vote
Radical Wanted drastic change Thought that government should practice the ideals
of the French Revolution
Nationalism
The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history
Nation-State
An independent geographical unit of people having a common culture and identity.
Balkans
The region of southeastern Europe Now occupied by Greece, Albania, Bulgaria,
Romania, the European part of Turkey, and the former republics of Yugoslavia
Louis-Napoleon
Nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte
Took the title of Emperor Napoleon III
Alexander II
Son of Czar Nicholas I
Moved Russia towards modernization and social change
NationalismSection 3
Empires that suffered from nationalism
Junkers
Otto von Bismarck
Realpolitik
Empires that suffered from nationalism
Austria
Russia Russification
The process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian Empire
Ottoman Empire
Junkers
Strongly conservative members of Prussia’s wealthy landowning class
Otto von Bismarck
Prime minister of Prussia
Conservative Junker
Realpolitik
“The politics of reality”
Describes tough power politics with no room for individualism
Revolutions in the Arts
Section 4
Romanticism
Emotion
Realism
Impressionism
Impressionist painters
Romanticism
An early 19th-century movement in art and thought, which focused on emotion and nature rather than reason and society.
Emotion
Key element of romanticism
Realism
19th-century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be
Romanticism vs. RealismSimilarities Differences
Impressionism
A movement in 19th-century painting, in which artists reacted against realism by seeking to convey their impressions of subjects or moments in time
Impressionist painters
Goal To show a moment in time at a glance
Nationalism
How did nationalism
influence the artistic art
movement s we discussed?