nationalism in music
TRANSCRIPT
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Nationalism in 19th
Century Music
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Content1.Definition of Nationalism.2.When and where did
Nationalism started.3.How Nationalism
influenced composers and their music.
4.Countries and their very own composers and works.
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What is Nationalism ?According to Oxford English
Dictionary ( Online Edition ), Nationalism means
1 patriotic feeling, often to an excessive degree.
2 advocacy of political independence for a particular country.
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When and Where ?• During 19th century, it was
all started when France had their France revolution and the Napoleonic wars ( 1789-1814 ), through war they invaded most of the Europe.
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The influence of Nationalism towards music
First point:Common bonds of language, culture
and history were strengthened.- Through of these aspects,
Nationalism led people In their country to be united against the colonist.
- - Example, like Germany and Italy, they become united and this inspired the composers to write music about their country.
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The influence of Nationalism towards music
Second Point :Nationalism led to the increasing
usage of national language in the invaded countries.
- Textbook, newspapers and official documents were all written in national language.
- - the national past became a subject for folk songs, dances and fairy tales.
- - Example, in 1830s, important books were written in Czech and there were many collections of Czech folk poetry.
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The influence of Nationalism towards music
Third point:Wrote operas and program music
inspired by history, legends and landscape of their native lands.
- The rhythm, tone color, texture and melody are from national tradition.
- Emphasized strongly on national style.
- Example, among the works are Russian Easter Overture ( Rimsky-Korsakov), Finlandia ( sibelius ), Slavonic Dances ( Dvorak )
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The influence of Nationalism towards music
Fourth Point:Stirred the public to become
rebellious about revolution on their country.
- Musical composers were using their talent to write songs to make the people going to streets and doing riot against the government.
- Example, The Italian opera composer, Giuseppe Verdi, chose librettos that fanned public hatred for the Austrian overloads. Forming anti-Austrian.
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The influence of Nationalism towards music
Last point:The strongest impact of Nationalism
was felt in lands that where own musical heritage had been dominated by foreign countries.
- Poland, Russia, Bohemia, and the Scandinavian countries produced composers that wrote music that had national flavor.
- Example, Early 19th Century, Chopin transformed his native Polish dances into great art.
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Leading musical nationalist
Mussorgsky( 1839-1881 ); Pictures at an Exhibition ( 1874 )Rimsky-Korsakov( 1844-1908) ; Russian Easter
Smetana(1824-1884) ; The MoldauDvorak( 1841-1904) ; Slavonic Dances (1878)
Edvard Grieg (1865–1957) ; Peer Gynt Suite
Jean Sibelius(1865-1957); Finlandia (1899)
Isaac Albeniz(1860-1909) ; Suite Iberia (1906)
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The Russian
Five
Mily Alexeyevich
Balakirev
César Antonovich Cui
Modest Petrovich
Mussorgsky
Nikolai Andreyevich
Rimsky-Korsakov
Alexander Porfiryevich
Borodin
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(1836-1910)
Musician
(1835-1918)
An army Enginee
r
( 1839-1881)A civil
servant
(1844-1908)
A naval officer
(1833-1887)
A chemist
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Russian Five- The folk music of Russia are very
different from the western Europe.- Often based on ancient church
modes, consist of 8 tones within an octave and have the pattern of whole and half steps also tend with irregular in meter.
- It was in 1860s, where 5 young men, known as “Russian Five” form a group to creating a truly Russian music.
- Russian Five created a masterpiece of musical nationalism called Pictures at an Exhibition (1874).
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Pictures at an Exhibition ( 1874 )- It was originated as a cycle of piano
pieces inspired by pictures from Mussorgsky’s friend, Victor Hartmann.
- There are 10 pieces of music in this masterpiece.
- One of the popular and important among those pieces is The Great Gate of Kiev.
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Thank You for your attention.