NATIONALISM AND THE FIRST

WORLD WARDr. Carolyn Boyd

I. What is nationalism?

An ideology with three elements: 1. the nation is a community 2. each nation should have its own state 3. the nation has the highest claim on

individual loyalty and identity

I. What is nationalism?Who belongs to the nation? That is, who is a

citizen? Two understandings of citizenship and the nation:

1. Voluntary, civic or constitutional nationalism

2. Involuntary, or ethno-cultural nationalism 3. Boundaries and binary thinking

I. What is nationalism? Political and social purposes of nationalism Nations are “built” or constructed, not

naturally occurring phenomena

II. Nationalism and the Origins of the First World War

Germany and Italy and the European balance of power

Imperial rivalries Nationalist movements in the Balkans Nationalization of the masses in Western

Europe Nationalism and military conscription

Europe 1914

III. Nationalism and Total War Nationalism and mobilization Nationalism and civil liberties Nationalism and demonizing of the enemy

Nationalism and mobilization

Nationalism and mobilization

Nationalism and mobilization

Nationalism and mobilization

Nationalism and mobilization

Nationalism and civil liberties

Nationalism and demonizing of the enemy

Nationalism and demonizing of the enemy

Nationalism and the Postwar Settlements

Wilson’s Fourteen Points Nationalism and the crisis of liberal

democracy in postwar Europe

Wilson’s Fourteen Points-Synopsis 1. Open covenants, openly

arrived at 2. Freedom of the seas 3. Free trade 4. Arms reduction consistent with

domestic security 5. Adjustment of colonial claims,

taking into account interests of the populations concerned

6. Evacuation of Russian territory; independent determination of its own political development

7. Evacuation of Belgium and restoration of its sovereignty

8. Evacuation of French territory and restoration of Alsace-Lorraine

9. Readjustment of Italian frontiers along lines of nationality

10. Autonomous development of peoples of Austria-Hungary; preservation of Empire

11. International settlement of Balkan conflicts; Serbian access to sea

12. Autonomous development of peoples under Turkish rule; free passage through Dardanelles

13. Independent Polish state, with access to sea

14. League of Nations

Post-War Boundaries