National Water Mission

Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation

(Geosmart India-2016, 1st to 3rd March, 2016)

Joginder Singh Advisor(Technical) NWM

Availability of Water and Future Demand

Availability (Average Annual in BCM)

Total precipitation – 4000

Run-off - 1869

Utilizable water - 1123

Surface water - 690

Ground water - 433

Demand 2050 (Assessed by NCIWRD (1999)

in BCM)

Irrigation – 807

Domestic - 111

Industry - 81

Other uses - 181

Total demand - 1180

Water availability – limited; – reduce demand through efficient use of water

Per capita water availability

Future Water Availability

5177

2209 1820

1545 1341

1140

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51

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61

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71

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81

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91

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31

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41

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61

Per capita water availability in m3/year

Water stress 1700 m3/capita/year

Water scarcity 1000 m3/capita/year

National Missions-NAPCC

*National Coastal Mission Integrated Coastal Zone Management Ministry of Earth Sciences

*National Health Mission Addressing adverse effect of climate change on health

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare

*New Missions proposed in Fourth Executive Meeting on Climate Change held on 02.05.2015.

National Water Mission The Government of India has established National Water Mission(NWM) under National Action Plan for Climate Change(NAPCC) Main Objective:

Conservation of water, minimizing wastage and ensuring its more

equitable distribution both across and within States through

integrated water resources development and management.

NWM five goals

I. Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resource,

II. Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation and preservation,

III. Focused attention to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas,

IV. Increasing water use efficiency by 20%, and

V. Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management.

Goal-I : Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment

of impact of climate change on water resource;

Up gradation of existing CWC Hydrological Observation Stations- 103 Nos. – completed.

Setting up of new CWC Hydrological Observation Stations- 800Nos – 236 Nos. completed.

Establishing new Ground Water Monitoring Wells by CGWB- 31800 Nos. – 9659 completed.

Development of Coastal Management Information System (CMIS) in CWC- in process.

Setting up of National Water Resources Information (NWR-IC), to manage the large volume

of data on water resources and allied fields generated under India-WRIS project and also

updated periodically for proper decision-making in CWC-in process.

Extension of CWC completed pilot study of basin wise water situation in collaboration with

NRSC, for the basins Godavari and Brahmani-Baitarani to other Basins- 20 Basins.

Installation of Telemetry based Digital Water level Recorders (DWLR) by CGWB-2000 Nos.

Developing Inventory of Wetlands - MoEF and CWC.

Research and studies on all aspects related to impacts of climate change on water resources

including quality aspects of water resources of all research organizations working in the area

of climate change- 10 Nos.

Goal 2:Promotion of citizen and state action for water

conservation, augmentation and preservation

Promoting awareness for water conservation among

stakeholders.

MoU with NIRD & PR, CWRDM, CGWB, IIWM, NWA for

undertaking training capacity building of multi-stakeholders

and Panchayati Raj institutions in the area of water

conservation.

MoU with Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai for

undertaking NWM activities with the assistance of NGOs,

VOs, RWAs, etc.

Goal 2:

To rejuvenate the participatory irrigation management.

NWM in partnership with Indian-PIM has organized a National convention of WUAs at New Delhi on various issues of water management during 7-8, November 2014.

As the follow up of the National Convention of Water Users Associations (WUA) held at New Delhi in 2014, the first Regional Convention covering WUAs from States of J&K, HP, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana was organized at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 25-26 August 2015.

Second Regional Convention for Water Users Associations (WUAs) Presidents on Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) on 8th & 9th January, 2016 at Water & Land Management Institute (WALMI), Aurangabad for Western Region for the States of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh and Goa.

A year wise program for Goal II Capacity building and training.

Goal –III : Focused attention to vulnerable areas

including over-exploited areas

• The ADB undertaken pilot study to demonstrate

“Operational Research to Support Mainstreaming of

Integrated Flood management (IFM) under Climate

Change”. The phase- I of the study has been completed and

under the Phase- II, the Buri Gandak sub-basin in Bihar

and Brahamani basin in Odisha have been undertaken for

detailed study. The final report is under finalisation.

March 2014

• National Water Mission of National Action Plan on Climate Change

• 2012 Draft National Water Policy: structural and non-structural

measures for flood risk mitigation in India

• MoWR asked ADB to support operational research initiatives

• Phase 1: scoping study and provide ToR

• Selection of 2 sub-basins

Burhi-Gandak

(Bihar)

Brahmani-

Baitarani

(Odisha)

Project components

• Downscaling Climate Change model results and impact assessment on flood hazards in both basins;

• Development of a 2Dimensional hydrological/hydraulic model for both sub-basins;

• Set up of a GIS based Integrated Flood Management Information System;

• Legal, economic and institutional analysis of IFM practices; • Community needs assessment through Focus Group

Discussions and a household survey (approx. 500 HH); • Review of agricultural, geotechnical, flood control and

drainage practices; • Review of environmental aspects of flood mitigation

measures.

Model validation (Brahmani-Baitarani)

May 2014 Observed Simulated

Observed and simulated flood extent for June 2008

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m3 /

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Waterlevel at Talcher 1/6/2008 - 30/10/2008

Q Rengali

Observation

1D model

RR/1D

RR/1D/2D

Flood extent Observed Simulated Difference

Area (km2) 2419.4 2382.3 -1.5%

Baseline 2015 2 years RP

Odisha

Baseline 2015 25 years RP

Flood extent 1383.0 km2

Flood volume 2344.5 Mm3

Flood extent 3151.0 km2

Flood volume 9306.3 Mm3

Factor 2.28 Volume +6961.8 Mm3

Simulated flood extent for Baseline situation 2 years and 25 years return period

ADB Conclusions

• Safety level: By providing the 1:25 safety standard for rural areas around 90% of the average annual damage could be avoided

• Climate change: Climate change will significantly increase flood hazard. Population increase and economic development will on the short term give higher flood risks.

• Structural Flood control: – Complete flood control is not feasible community resilience!

– Storage dams and diversions can have a significant, but limited, contribution towards flood mitigation.

– Embankments are major flood control measure, but not without problems. Planning and construction supervision to avoid breaches, more research (both technical and social) and practical solutions needed.

– Risk approach and CBA for safety standards for embankments (return periods) is feasible.

•Non structural measures: – Early warning and community preparedness should be improved

– Land use zoning is not implemented

Recommendations

Flood Risk Analysis: Basin level flood risk analysis for effective basin management. High quality data on exposure/vulnerability required. Research on failure mode of embankment and effective reservoir operation rules are required Flood risk evaluation: Sector specific evaluation based on different return period emphasizing safety level and CBA. Selection of flood mitigation measures:

Urgent measure first: all kinds of repair and emergency measures Short term measures: implementing measures which can reduce flood impacts without large investments and quick benefit (early warning, comm. preparedness etc.) Medium to long term: upgrading embankments, new dams and diversion projects, watershed improvement, land use zoning, etc

Institutional arrangement: River basin approach for flood mitigation measures using flood modelling Setting of RBOs, redefining the roles and responsibilities of existing RBOs

Goal-IV : Increasing water use efficiency by 20%

• To know about the present status of water use efficiency, i.e., baseline study will be

carried out for every use of water. Irrigation sector accounts for about 80% of water

use. NWM has initiated baseline studies in the area of Irrigation with the

WALAMTARI, Hyderabad, WALMI, Aurangabad and NERIWALM, Tejpur for 5

irrigation projects in phase-I. In the phase-II, 20 Irrigation projects will be

undertaken.

• A scoping study for a National Water Use Efficiency Improvement Support

program for major /medium Irrigation schemes has been completed with

technical assistance from Asian Development Bank(ADB). Final report have

been sent to State Governments/UTs for initiation of a proposal for improving

water use efficiency of major-medium irrigation projects.

Goal-IV : Increasing water use efficiency by 20%

Baseline Studies

Sl. No.

Activities undertaken

Activities Planned

1. Baseline Studies for 5 Irrigation

projects have been initiated by

WALMI (Aurangabad),

WALAMTARI (Hyderabad) &

NERIWALM (Tezpur, Assam).

Phase-I Five projects (Pahumara-

Assam, Loktak – Manipur,

Arunavati- Maharastra, Rallapadu-

Andhra Pradesh and Peddavadu-

Telangana) have been awarded.

20 projects are planned in Phase-II.

4 projects are in A.P., 4 projects are in

Telangana, 9 projects are in Maharashtra and

3 projects are in Assam.

Andhra Pradesh: (Torrigadda, Thatipudi,

Guntur Channel and Vengalarayasagar

Irrigation Projects).

Telangana: (Vattivagu, Taliperu, Sathnalla and

Musi Irrigation Projects)

Maharashtra: (Bor, Chaskaman, Girna,

Karpara, Krishna Palkhed, Panzara ,Purna and

Surya Irrigation Projects).

Assam: (Kaliabor Lift, Rupahi and Sukla

Irrigation Projects).

• Proposal for setting up of National Bureau of Water Use Efficiency .

• A scoping study for a National Water Use Efficiency Improvement Support

program for major /medium Irrigation schemes has been completed with

technical assistance from Asian Development Bank(ADB). Final report

have been sent to State Governments/UTs for initiation of a proposal for

improving water use efficiency of major-medium irrigation projects.

• ADB has completed a study on innovations for more food less water for

preparation of investment proposals for increasing water use efficiency on

pilot basis for an irrigation project in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.

• Demonstration projects: NWM is working with NIH, Delhi Jal Board, and

CPWD to set up demonstration projects for waste water use and recycling.

State Governments of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana and Telangana

have also requested to initiate action for demonstration projects in irrigation

sector.

Gathering baseline information(FAO-MASSCOT)

Assessing system performance (RAP) through rapid system diagnosis •Systematically and quickly identify the key baseline indicators •Mobilize stakeholders to prioritize modernization improvements •Examine physical capacity and sensitivity of the irrigation structures to perform their functions of conveyance, control, measurement Assessing of and mapping the sensitivity of critical irrigation structures (offtakes and cross-regulators) •Record the perturbations (water level fluctuations) –examine cause, magnitudes, frequency and options •The networks and water balances of surface and ground water availability and use -gauge constraints •Mapping the cost of O&M –current costs of operational techniques, services, core elements and processes, and also costs of improvements Vision of service -orientated management and modernization of canal operation •Mapping the service to users •The management units performance •The demand for operation and allocations required • The options for canal operation improvements/units •Integration of service-orientated management (SOM) options •Vision for a modernization plan, M&E

ADB Study:

Option 1: Modernization of the canal system and improved water and

agricultural management

Option 2: Modernization of the canal systems, conjunctive management

and about 26% area under micro irrigation

•Surface water use efficiency is currently only about 35% and groundwater

efficiency is 60%.

•Option 1: Some improvement in surface water irrigation efficiency (50%) and

there will be no change in groundwater irrigation efficiency.

•Option 2:There will be significant improvements in irrigation efficiency, 70%

for surface water and 80% for groundwater using partial piped distribution and

micro irrigation.

ADB Study:

• For gathering baseline information available tools like GIS and

remote sensing may be extensively used.

• For getting information on present water use efficiency, Data

collection and analysis of Medium and Minor Irrigation (MMI)

projects may utilise map based (FAO-MASSCOT*) procedure

recommended in the ADB scoping study.

• Surface water and ground water modelling centres may be

established on major river basin wise in CWC/CGWB as

recommended by ADB study.

* FAO-MASSCOTE: Food and Agricultural Organization-Mapping System and Services for Canal Operation

Techniques

Goal 5: Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management

a. Review of National Water Policy(NWP); NWP-2012 finalised and released in

2013.

b. Review of State Water Policies; - under process

e. National Water Mission has initiated actions to prepare State Specific Action Plan

(SSAP) for water sector. It is proposed to prepare State-wise/Union Territory wise

SSAP for water sector covering irrigation, agriculture, domestic water supply,

industrial water supply and waste water utilization in respect of all the States/UTs.

The SSAP will present situation of water resources development and

management, water governance, Institutional arrangements, water related policies,

cross-boundary issues, agreements etc.

f. Phase-I: State Specific Action Plans (SSAP) for 12 States, Madhya Pradesh,

Maharashtra, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Assam, Karnataka,

Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and West Bengal.

g. NWM and European Commission jointly hosted India’s First Indo-European

Water Forum during 23-24 Nov., 2015 in New Delhi providing a platform for

policy makers and stakeholders to discuss the key issues surrounding WRM in

India as well as to benefit from best practices from the European experience.