National VII Architecture – Data Perspective

Michael Schagrin

ITS Joint Program Office

US Department of Transportation

TRB 2008 Annual Meeting Session 415

January 16, 2008

Outline

• National Architecture Overview

• Data Within VII Infrastructure

• Applications Enabling Services

• Proof of Concept Applications

• Issues Relevant to Use of VII Data

VII Vision

• Linking vehicles and the transportation infrastructure into an integrated, nationwide system has been a vision of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) for almost two decades.

• VII technologies, network and services are designed to support applications facilitating three major goals: Safety, Mobility and E-Commerce

VII ConceptVII Concept

Probe Data

Signal Phase and Timing

Safety Communications

Real Time Network DataSituation Relevant Information

Private Sector Uses

E-payment

VII Infrastructure

Network

Instrumented Roadside

VII National Architecture Framework• Wireless communications uniquely

tailored for vehicular environment

• Secure communications between service providers and vehicles

• Architecture designed around DSRC, however extendable to other wireless communications technologies

• Data collection / message distribution functions common to many applications are provided as core services… enabling rapid applications development

External Data Sources

EnterpriseNetwork

OperationsCenter (ENOC)

EnterpriseNetwork

OperationsCenter (ENOC)

ServiceDelivery

Node (SDN)

ServiceDelivery

Node (SDN)Certificate Authority

Certificate Authority

GPSSignals

DGPSCorrection

ReferenceMaps

DataSubscribers

Advisory Message

Publishers

PrivateApplications

NetworkUsers

TrafficSignal

Controllers

Local TransactionProcessors

Other,Roadside Sensors

Roadside Infrastructure Users

RSE’s

backhaul

On BoardEquipment

On BoardEquipment

DriverVehicle Interface

DriverVehicle Interface

PrivateMobile Users

On BoardEquipment

On BoardEquipment

DriverVehicle Interface

DriverVehicle Interface

VII Network

Public ServiceMobile Users

External Data Sources

EnterpriseNetwork

OperationsCenter (ENOC)

EnterpriseNetwork

OperationsCenter (ENOC)

ServiceDelivery

Node (SDN)

ServiceDelivery

Node (SDN)Certificate Authority

Certificate Authority

GPSSignals

DGPSCorrection

ReferenceMaps

DataSubscribers

Advisory Message

Publishers

PrivateApplications

NetworkUsers

TrafficSignal

Controllers

Local TransactionProcessors

Other,Roadside Sensors

Roadside Infrastructure Users

RSE’s

backhaul

On BoardEquipment

On BoardEquipment

DriverVehicle Interface

DriverVehicle Interface

PrivateMobile Users

On BoardEquipment

On BoardEquipment

DriverVehicle Interface

DriverVehicle Interface

VII Network

Public ServiceMobile Users

VII Enables Collection, Distribution and Exchange of Data

Vehicle to Infrastructure• Probe Data• Trip Path Data (opt-in)• Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment)

Infrastructure to Vehicle• Advisory Message Data • Localized Map Data (safety)• Signal Phase & Timing Data• Position Corrections• Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment)

Vehicle to Vehicle • Heartbeat Data

VII Enabling Services − Probe Data Distribution• This service collects probe data from vehicles and distributes to interested users (e.g.,

Traffic Management Centers, Information Service Providers)

• Provides real time data to enable determination of roadway conditions

• Probe Data includes vehicle position, speed, direction of travel and vehicle kinematics data, etc. (SAE J2735)

• Applications that utilize Probe Data include Traveler Information, Signal Timing Optimization, Winter Maintenance, and Road Weather Prediction

• User applications “subscribe” to receive specific types of probe data from specific locations

• Vehicles generate probe data periodically and in response to significant events, “publishing” this data when in range of an RSE

• Probe data is delivered to applications with matching subscription criteria

• VII does not provide a data repository for probe data, it merely transports the data

• Could provide for integrated delivery from other probe data sources

VII Enabling Services − Advisory Message Delivery• This service distributes localized advisory messages such as travel

times, incident information, local signage

• Helps drivers make safety and travel decisions based on localized advisories

• Data types include Signal Phase & Timing (SPAT), Local Signage, Local and Regional Weather Alerts

• Applications that utilize advisory messages include Intersection Collision Avoidance, Traveler Information, In-Vehicle Signage

• Provider specifies broadcast locations & delivery schedule

• Safety messages receive broadcast priority

VII Enabling Services − Map Element Distribution

• This service provides roadway micro-maps to vehicles

• Micro-maps are used to support safety applications such as intersection collision avoidance and curve overspeed warning

• Data includes detailed roadway geometry for signalized intersections, non-signalized intersections, road curve segments

• System utilizes anonymous probe data to verify map accuracy and to detect potential events

VII Enabling Services − Heartbeat

• This service is frequent transmission of vehicle speed and location to other vehicles

• It enables situational awareness for vehicles

• Data contains vehicle’s position, speed, direction of travel, and size

• Supports safety applications such as lane changes, forward collision warning, emergency electronic braking

VII Enabling Service − Data Exchange Transport• This service supports exchange of opt-in bi-directional

transactions between vehicles and service providers

• It enables an endless variety of public and private applications, where direct communications between service providers and vehicles is needed

• Data could include vehicle diagnostics information, emissions inspection data, and e-payment transactions

• Applications could include concierge services, vehicle maintenance, and tolling

• Vehicle is always the initiator of any transaction, Service Provider and vehicle can then exchange data

Summary of Proof-of-Concept Applications

Public• Traveler Information• Signal Timing Optimization• Ramp Metering• Weather Information • Corridor Management:

Planning Assistance• Corridor Management:

Load Balancing

Private

• In-Vehicle Signage

• Off-Board Navigation

• Parking Payment

• Toll Payment

Safety

• Vehicle-to-Vehicle

• Intersection Violation Warning

Issues Relevant to Use of VII DataAbsolute and Relative Positioning

• Applications such as intersection collision avoidance and HOT lane tolling require highly accurate (lane-level) vehicle positioning and availability of detailed roadway geometric maps

Data Ownership and Liability

• Lingering questions of data ownership and rights have the potential to limit the usability of the data

• Liability associated with VII data ownership must be defined for every entity involved in the system