national report of census

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National Populatio n and Housing Census 2011

(National Report)

Volume 01, NPHC 2011

Government of Nepal

National Planning Commission Secretariat

Central Bureau of StatisticsKathmandu, Nepal

November, 2012


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National Population and Housing Census 2011

(Village Development Commiee/Municipality)

Government of Nepal


Central Bureau of StatisticsKathmandu, Nepal

November, 2012

Volume 02, NPHC 2011


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Acknowledgement

National Population and Housing Census 2011 (NPHC2011) marks hundred years in the

history of population census in Nepal. Nepal has been conducting population censuses almost

decennially and the census 2011 is the eleventh one. It is a great pleasure for the government of

Nepal to successfully conduct the census amid political transition. The census 2011 has been

historical event in many ways. It has successfully applied an ambitious questionnaire through which

numerous demographic, social and economic information have been collected. Census workforce

has been ever more inclusive with more than forty percent female interviewers, caste/ethnicities

and backward classes being participated in the census process. Most financial resources and

expertise used for the census were national. Nevertheless, important catalytic inputs were providedby UNFPA, UNWOMEN, UNDP, DANIDA, US Census Bureau etc. The census 2011 has once again

proved that Nepal has capacity to undertake such a huge statistical operation with quality. The

professional competency of the staff of the CBS has been remarkable. On this occasion, I would like

to congratulate Central Bureau of Statistics and the CBS team led by Mr.Uttam Narayan Malla,

Director General of the Bureau.

On behalf of the Secretariat, I would like to thank the Steering Committee of the National

Population and Housing census 2011 headed by Honorable Vice-Chair of the National Planning

commission. Also, thanks are due to the Members of various technical committees, working groups

and consultants.

November, 2012

Yuba Raj Bhusal

Secretary


Singh Durbar, Kathmandu

Nepal

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Preface

Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) is pleased to bring out the final result of the National Population

and Housing Census 2011 (NPHC2011). The whole operation of the census took five years from2008/09 (2065/66 B.S.) to 2012/13 (B.S.2069/70) to complete preparatory works, data collection,

data processing and tabulation. The analytical work is still under way. In fact, the census has

enormous potentiality of analyses to be done on demographic, social, economic and spatial

characteristics of the population. This report contains statistical tables derived from the topics

included in the census questionnaires at national level. Attempt has also been made herein to

provide insights of the census procedure, major concepts, methodology, quality control measures

and other management aspects of the census operation. I hope, this volume will be very useful and

meet the demand of the users to the extent most. CBS always welcomes comments and suggestions

from users which would be valuable for the improvement of our future publications.

On this occasion, I would like to thank Mr. Bikash Bista, Deputy Director General, Social Statistics

Division of the bureau for his valuable contribution in the census. Dr. Rudra Suwal, Chief of the

Population Section deserves special thanks for his lead role in the overall operation. I also would like

to thank Gyanendra Bajracharya and Damodar Gnawali, Directors of the Section for their

contribution in the operation from preparatory works to the management of the field work and data

processing. I appreciate Statistical Officers Mahesh Chand Pradhan, Yadu Nath Acharya, Dina Nath

Lamsal for handling census administration. Hearty thanks go to Statistical Officers Prakash Pokharel

and Cartographer Officer Damodar Dahal who sincerely fulfilled the responsibilities mainly of

logistics management and transportation of census materials to and from districts.

Director Shanker Lal Shrestha and a team of Computer Officers Lila Nath Pandey, Dol Narayan

Shrestha, Suresh Prasad Kayastha, Shyam Neupane and Raju Pokhrel were devoted in data

processing and tabulation. Similarly, Directors of the GIS Section Pramod Raj Regmi and Shailendra

Ghimire, Statistical Officer Binod sharan Acharya and Computer Officer Puspa Poudel had

contributed in producing Enumeration Area (EA) maps. They all deserve special thanks.

I would like to thank Mr. Suman Raj Aryal, DDG and Mr. Nebin Lal Shrestha who contributed in

various stages of the census operation particularly in data verification.

Also, I am thankful to Mr. Prabodh Sagar Dhakal, the then DDG, under-secretaries of the bureau,Ram Bahadur Ghimire, Krishna Rana and Jib Narayan Baral, and Section Officers Narayan Bhandari,

Kiran Raut, Shanker Khanal and Rishi Timilsina who did handle administrative, financial matters and

census procurement. I would like to thank all Census Officers, Area Supervisors, Supervisors,

Enumerators, member of Census Management Groups, staff of CBS and Branch Statistics Offices

(BSOs) who were actively engaged in the field work and other census works. Also, I would like to

thank all members of District Census Coordination Committees led by respective Chief District

Officer in all districts for their contribution in successfully completing the challenging job of field

operation of the census.

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Special thanks go to Siddhakali Offset Press who took responsibility of printing census questionnaires

and manuals. Also, HDNCG, PHDG & OBCI JV deserves special thanks for undertaking the data

procession operation.

I am grateful to all media including telecommunication centers (Nepal Telecom and NCELL) and Civil

bank who contributed in raising census awareness among the mass.

I would like to thank all school teachers, government staff of various ministries, departments and

offices and also university students who contributed in data collection and supervision of the field

work.

Also, I appreciate and would like to thank the members of the National Census 2011 Citizens

Observation Committee who did observe the fieldwork in all 75 districts.

I express my gratitude to UNFPA, UNWOMEN, JICA, UNDP, DANIDA, US Census Bureau and otherinternational experts who provided assistance in different stages of the census operation.

Finally, I would like to thank all respondents who provided invaluable information during the field

operation and appreciate all those who had extended hands in this national endeavor and helped to

make the census a grand success.

November, 2012

Uttam Narayan Malla

Director GeneralCentral Bureau of Statistics

Kathmandu, Nepal

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Content

Part I: Major Highlights ..............................................................................................................1

Part II: An Introduction to the National Population and Housing Census 2011 ...........................5

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5

2. Census organizaion of NPHC 2011 ........................................................................................... 5

3. Basic concepts and reference date ........................................................................................ 6

4. Census questionnaire and other tools .................................................................................... 6

5. Human resource management ............................................................................................... 7

6. Census publicity ....................................................................................................................... 7

7. Logistics management .......................................................................................................... 7

8. Field operation ....................................................................................................................... 8

9. Census processing .................................................................................................................... 8

10. Quality control ......................................................................................................................... 8

11. Management of census results and analysis .......................................................................... 9

12. Cooperation of development partners ................................................................................. 10

13. Challenges faced during the census operation..................................................................... 10

14. Recommendations for the next census ................................................................................ 11

Part III: Major Statistical Tables ....................................................................................... 14 - 260

Table 1: Households by ownership of house/housing unit in use ..................................... 14Table 2: Households by foundation of house/housing unit............................................... 16

Table 3: Households by outer wall of house/housing unit ................................................ 18

Table 4: Households by roof of house/housing unit .......................................................... 20

Table 5: Households by source of drinking water.............................................................. 22

Table 6: Households by usual type of fuel used for cooking ............................................. 25

Table 7: Households by usual source of lighting ................................................................ 28

Table 8: Households by types of toilet............................................................................... 30

Table 9: Households by household facilities ...................................................................... 32

Table 10: Households by female ownership of fixed assets ................................................ 35

Table 11: Population absent from household....................................................................... 37

Table 12: Households, population and population density ................................................. 39

Table 13: Households, population in the households and average

household size for urban areas ........................................................................... 41

Table 14: Households by size of persons in the household ................................................. 43

Table 15: Population by single year of age .......................................................................... 47

Table 16: Population by 5 years age group.......................................................................... 65

Table 17: Household heads by sex and age groups ........................................................... 111


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Table 18: Population aged 10 years and over by marital status and sex .......................... 121

Table 19: Married population aged 10 years and above by age at first marriage............. 131

Table 20: Population by caste/ethnicity ............................................................................ 144

Table 21: Population by mother tongue ............................................................................ 164

Table 22: Population by religion ........................................................................................ 184

Table 23: Population by citizenship ................................................................................... 201

Table 24: Population by disability ...................................................................................... 211

Table 25: Population aged 5 years and above by literacy status ....................................... 226

Table 26: Literate population aged 5 years and above by

educational attainment (level passed) .............................................................. 235

Table 27: Population above SLC (National examination of grade 10 passed)

by major field of study ....................................................................................... 250

Appendix ....................................................................................................................... 261-264

Members of the Steering Committee ...................................................................................... 261

Members of the Census Technical Committees and working groups ..................................... 261

Census questionnaires ............................................................................................................. 263


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Part I:

Major Highlights

1. Household information

1.1Population and Households: Population of Nepal as of the census day (June 22, 2011)stands at 26,494,504 showing population growth rate of 1.35 per annum. Similarly, Total

number of households in the country is 5,427,302 with 5,423,297 individual households and

4,005 institutional households (Barracks, Hostels, Monasteries etc).

1.2Ownership of housing units: Altogether, 85.26 percent of the households reside in theirown house whereas 12.81 percent in rented, 0.63 percent in institutional and 1.30 percent

in other arrangements. In urban areas, 40.22 percent live in rented house. Kathmandu

district has the highest percentage (58.65) of households living in rented house.

1.3Type of foundation of house: Nearly ten percent (9.94 %) of total households live in houseswith the foundation having RCC pillar, 17.57 percent households in house with foundation

made up of cement-bonded bricks, 24.9 percent in wooden pillar, 44.21 percent in mud-

bonded bricks and 2.33 in other type of foundations. In urban areas, 28.42 percent of the

households live in houses with the foundation having RCC pillars.

1.4Type of outer wall: Highest number of households (41.38 percent) live in houses which hasouter wall made of mud bonded bricks or stone followed by outer wall made of cement

bonded bricks or stone(28.74 percent), bamboo wall (20.23 percent) and wood/planks (5.31percent).

1.5Roof of the house: Twenty Eight percent of the total households live in houses roofed withgalvanized sheet followed by tile/slate (26.68 percent), RCC (22.48 percent) and

thatched/straw roof (19.03 percent).

1.6Source of drinking water: Tap/Pipedwater is the main source of drinking water for 47.78percent of the total households. Tube well/hand pump is the main source of drinking water

for about 35 percent of the total households, while spout, uncovered well/kuwa and

covered well/kuwa are the main source for 5.74 percent, 4.71 percent and 2.45 percent

respectively.

1.7Usual fuel for cooking: About two-third of the total households (about 64 percent) useFirewood as usual source of fuel for cooking followed by LPG (21.03 percent), cow dung

(10.38 percent). Bio-gas and Kerosene is used for cooking by 2.43 and 1.03 percent of the

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total households respectively. Very few households (0.08 percent) use Electricity as usual

fuel for cooking. In urban areas, more than two third (67.68 percent) of the total households

use LPG as their usual fuel for cooking.

1.8Source of lighting: More than two third (67.26 percent) of the total households mainsource of lighting is electricity. Kerosene is used by 18.28 percent of the total households for

lighting while solar and bio-gas is source of light for 7.44 and 0.28 percent of the total

households respectively.

1.9Toilet in the house: More than one third (38.17 percent) of the total households do nothave toilet in their houses.

1.10 Household facilities:The percentage of households having various kinds of household facilities is tabulated as

follows.

Household facility

Percentage of Households

Nepal Urban Rural

Radio 50.82 53.56 50.17

Television 36.45 60.67 30.66

Cable television 19.33 53.80 11.10

Computer 7.28 23.66 3.37

Internet 3.33 12.11 1.24

Telephone 7.37 22.66 3.72

Mobile phone 64.63 84.07 59.98Motor 1.57 4.03 0.98

Motorcycle 9.58 23.62 6.23

Cycle 32.38 29.95 32.96

Other vehicle 0.68 0.65 0.69

Refrigerator 7.16 23.21 3.33

1.11Female ownership of fixed assets: Altogether, 19.71 percent of households reported theownership of land or house or both in the name of female member of the household. In

urban areas, 26.77 percent of the households show female-ownership of fixed assets while

the percentage stands at 18.02 in rural areas.

1.12Absent member in households: One in every four households (25.42%; 1.38 millionhouseholds) reported that at least one member of their household is absent or is living out

of country. Total number of absent population is found to be 1,921,494 against 762,181 in

2001. The highest proportion (44.81 percent) of absent population is from the age group

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15 to 24 years. Gulmi, Arghakhanchi and Pyuthan districts reported the highest proportion

of their population being absent (staying abroad).

1.13Household size: The average household size has decreased from 5.44 in 2001 to 4.88 in2011 at the national level. The household size is recorded highest (6.44) in Rautahat district

and lowest (3.92) in Kaski.

2. Individual characteristics

2.1Population size, growth and distribution: Population of Nepal as of the census day (June 22,2011) stands at 26,494,504. The increment of population during the last decade is recorded

as 3,343,081 with an annual average growth rate of 1.35 percent. Terai constitutes 50.27

percent (13,318,705) of the total population while Hill and Mountain constitutes 43 percent

(11,394,007) and 6.73 percent (1,781,792) respectively. Among the five development

regions, Central development region has the highest population ( 36.45 percent) and far

western region records the lowest ( 9.63 percent).

2.2Sex Ratio: Sex ratio (number of males per 100 females) at the national level has decreasedfrom 99.8 in 2001 to 94.2 in 2011. In abstract number, there are 796,422 more females

than males in the country. Sex ratio is highest (127) in Manang district and lowest (76) in

Gulmi district.

2.3Population Density: Population density (average number of population per squarekilometer) at the national level is 180 compared to 157 in 2001. The highest population

density is found in Kathmandu district (4,416 person per square km) and lowest (3 person

per square km) in Manang district.

2.4 Population Growth in Districts: The fastest decadal population growth rate is found inKathmandu district (61.23 percent), and least in Manang ( -31.80 percent ). Altogether 27

districts including Manang, Khotang, Mustang, Terhathum, Bhojpur etc. recorded negative

population growth rate during the last decade.

2.5 Urban Population: The urban population (population residing in 58 municipalities)constitutes 17 % (4,523,820) of the total population compared to 13.94% (3,227,879)

2.6 Working age population: The working age population (aged 15 to 59 years) has increasedfrom 54 percent (12,310,968) in 2001 to about 57 Percent (15,091,848) in 2011 showing

the population structure is shifting for enjoying demographic dividend in the country.

2.7 Household Head: Female-headed households in the country has increased by about 11point percent from 14.87% in 2001 to 25.73% in 2011.

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2.8 Caste/Ethnicity: There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. Chhetri is

the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed

by Brahman-Hill (12.2% ; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), Tharu (6.6% ; 1,737,470),

Tamang (5.8% ; 1,539,830), Newar (5.0% ; 1,321,933), Kami (4.8% ; 1,258,554), Musalman

(4.4% ; 1,164,255), Yadav (4.0% ; 1,054,458) and Rai (2.3% ; 620,004).

2.9 Mother Tongue: There are 123 languages spoken as mother tongue reported in census

2011. Nepali is spoken as mother tongue by 44.6 percent (11,826,953) of the total

population followed by Maithili (11.7% 3,092,530), Bhojpuri (6.0%; 1,584,958), Tharu

(5.8%; 1,529,875), Tamang (5.1%; 1,353,311), Newar (3.2%; 846,557), Bajjika (3.0%;

793,418), Magar (3.0%; 788,530), Doteli (3.0%; 787,827), Urdu (2.6%; 691,546).

2.10 Religion: There are ten types of religion categories reported in the census. Hinduism is

followed by 81.3 percent (21,551,492) of the population while Buddhism (9.0%;

2,396,099), Islam (4.4%; 1,162,370), , Kirat (3.1%; 807,169), Christianity (1.4%; 375,699),Prakriti (0.5%; 121,982), Bon (13,006), Jainism (3,214), Bahai (1,283) and Sikhism (609).

2.11 Disability: About two percent (1.94%; 513,321) of the total population reported to have

some kind of disability. Physical disability constitutes 36.3 percent of the population with

disability followed by Blindness/Low Vision (18.5%), Deaf/Hard to hearing (15.4%), Speech

problem (11.5%), Multiple Disability (7.5%), Mental Disability (6%), Intellectual Disability

(2.9%) and Deaf-Blind (1.8%).

2.12 Literacy Rate: Overall literacy rate (for population aged 5 years and above) has increased

from 54.1 percent in 2001 to 65.9 percent in 2011. Male literacy rate is 75.1% comparedto female literacy rate of 57.4%. The highest literacy rate is reported in Kathmandu district

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Part II:

An introduction to the National Population and Housing Census 2011

1. Introduction

National population and housing census 2011 (NPHC2011), marks hundred years of census

taking in Nepal. Nepal has been conducting population censuses almost decennially and the

census 2011 is the eleventh. The first population census was conducted in 1911 A.D. (1968 B.S.).

However, the census conducted in 1952/54 is considered to be the first modern census of Nepal

introducing internationally comparable concepts, definitions and classifications. Computer

processing was introduced for the first time in 1971 census using IBM 1401. NPHC 2011 carries

special features of having scientific questionnaires, detailed EA maps for urban and Village

Development Committees (VDC) maps for rural areas, ever most inclusive field staff, extensive

publicity, independent observance by civil society, most economic operation based on domestic

resources and most reliable data processing.

Inter-censal population changes

(1911 2011 A.D.)

Census year PopulationInter-censal

changes

Inter-

censal

changes

(%)

Annual

exponential

growth rate

(%)

1911 5,638,749 - - -

1920 5,573,788 -64,961 -1.15 -0.13

1930 5,532,574 -41,214 -0.74 -0.07

1941 6,283,649 751,075 13.58 1.16

1952/54 8,256,625 1,972,976 31.40 2.27

1961 9,412,996 1,156,371 14.01 1.64

1971 11,555,983 2,142,987 22.77 2.05

1981 15,022,839 3,466,856 30.00 2.62

1991 18,491,097 3,468,258 23.09 2.08

2001 23,151,423 4,660,326 25.20 2.25

2011 26,494,504 3,343,081 14.44 1.35

2. Census organization of NPHC 2011A Steering Committee headed by the Honorable Vice Chairman of the National Planning

Commission (NPC) was formed that consists seven secretaries of various ministries,

representatives of Dalit Commission, Womens Commission, Janajati Pratisthaan and Director

General (DG) of the CBS as member secretary. The Steering Committee invites subject matter

specialist and other distinguished personalities in the meeting. A Technical Committee was

formed under the chair of the DG, CBS. There are special thematic committees formed for

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publicity, data processing etc. Various working groups were formed for questionnaire design,

formation of economic classifications, post enumeration surveys, monitoring of data processing,

classifications of caste ethnicity, language and religion. Population Section of the Social Statistics

Division took charge of the census operation.

District Census Coordination Committee under the chairmanship of the CDO and participation of

other officer-in-charge of district offices and representatives of political parties was formed to

undertake the fieldwork at district level.

3. Basic concepts and reference date

A person was counted at his/her usual place of residence. Usual place of residence is defined as

a place where a person had been living or intends to live for at least six months. A person absent

from usual place for short period for the purpose of treatment or pilgrimage or similar causes is

treated as present in the usual place. Persons away or absent from birth place or usual place for

employment or study or business purpose is considered absent population and thus, not

counted as present population. However, homeless or mobile population was counted at the

place where they were traced on the last day of enumeration or 27 June 2011. This method in

brief, is termed as modified de jure. Questions on literacy and level of education were asked to

all persons aged 5 years and above. A person who can both read and write in any language is

defined as a literate. Similarly, questions on activities were asked to all persons of age 10 years

and above living in the households selected systematically. Accordingly, his or her activities,

occupation and industry of current employment were recorded using Individual Form 2 in the

census.

4. Census questionnaire and other toolsCensus questionnaires (Listing form, Individual form-1, Individual form-2), enumeration and

other manuals, EA maps were major tools used to conduct field enumeration. Complete list of

households was prepared during May and June 2011, a month before the main census. Listing

schedule contains questions on number of house, households, household members by sex,

agricultural land operated and livestock owned by households and operation of small scale non-

agricultural activities. Individual Form-1 contains questions on types of house, household

facilities/ assets, ownership of house or land of female members of the household, mortality

and its causes and details of absent members of households. Also, included in the form-1 are

name, surname, relationship to head, sex, age, caste/ethnicity, marital status and age at first

marriage, , religion, mother tongue and second language, citizenship, type of disability, literacy

and level of education. However, questions on migration, fertility, labour force, occupation,

industry, employment status and living arrangement of children (under the age 16) were asked

under form-2 to every eighth household selected systematically*.

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5. Human resource management

Besides central staff, Approximately 41,000 field staff were engaged in census taking in 75

districts. Eighty District Census Officers, 278 Area Census Supervisors, 1100 district office staff,

7900 Supervisors and 31000 Enumerators were employed in the census at district level. The

census work force was ever most inclusive, with participation of janajatis, dalits and more than

40 percent females. Teachers, government employees and youths were employed for data

collection. Supervisor enumerator ratio was 1 to 4 in the fieldwork.

6. Census publicity

All kinds of media cooperated in census publicity. All national dailies, weekly papers, magazines,

all TV channels, radios also carried out census message to the public throughout the period of

the field work. Most instrumental this time were the local FM radios which transmitted

messages in local languages. Radio jingles, posters, stickers, pamphlets for different target

groups were also produced and distributed. An official census website was launched to provide

the respondents and census staff the easy access to all census tools and IEC materials. School

students, local cultural groups, various religious groups, caste and ethnic communities also

transmitted messages voluntarily. The publicity campaign was successful in reaching all around

the country.

7. Logistics management

Management of logistics is one among huge tasks of the census operation. Special precautions

were taken in logistics management in the context of the rainy season and the difficult terrains

of the country. Therefore, special quality paper for the printing of the questionnaire was

ordered. In fact, the filled up questionnaires were not affected of moisture or rough use in the

field despite delay in coding, editing and data entry operation (due to unavoidable reasons). Onehundred thousand specials pens for field staff, 45000, bags, 45000 umbrellas, 9000 calculators

were procured. Fifteen million sheets of questionnaires were printed, 60,000 enumerators

manuals, 15000, supervisors manuals, 1000, District Census Officerss manuals, 100,000

notepads were printed almost a year before the census fieldwork. Besides, administrative

manuals, special manual for the use of maps, disability, Gender and Social Inclusion etc. were

also prepared. Besides, others stationeries including ready-made appointment letters of

supervisor and enumerators, letter heads, stamps, training materials, flip charts were also

prepared. In order to get these materials printed. Altogether, nearly 250 tons of papers were

used for census purpose.

Packing materials at EA level and transportation in time was a challenge. Packaging of

questionnaires, manuals, maps and other materials for all field staff were done at the center to

ensure all materials reach to the hands of each supervisor and enumerator to commence field

work in stipulated time. These supplies were transported to 67 districts by road and air dropped

in the remote districts such as Bajhang, Bajura, Humla, Dolpa, Mugu, Jajarkot, Manang, Khotang,

Solokhumbu by private airlines. Similarly, filled up forms and census documents from those

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remote districts were airlifted by army helicopters. Thorough checking and verification to ensure

all questionnaires from all wards, VDCs and districts are received and proper storing were

equally important.

8. Field operation

District Census Offices were open since March 16, 2011. Census operation was carried out in

two phases: Household listing and individual enumeration. Listing of households, after

recruitment and training of 7900 Supervisors (almost half of whom were school teachers) began

from May 15, 2011 and ended in about two weeks (18 days). Recruitment and training of 31000

enumerators were completed by the second week of June 2011. Finally, the individual

enumeration or the census taking started on 17 June which ended by 27 June, 2011 after

observing 22 June 2011 as a census day.

9. Census processing

Keeping in mind the quality of the data processing operation and the capacity of CBS to

undertake, it has been decided to source out the operation as it was done in 2001 census.

Nevertheless, processing site and the computers were provided to the contractor so that both

quality and confidentiality lie strictly under the control of CBS. Manuals of coding, editing and

key entry operation were prepared, training and key entry operation were monitored and

supervised by the core team of the CBS. Despite delay in awarding the contract, the whole

operation was completed in six months from the date the contract was signed. Approximately,

six hundred processing staff plus experts were engaged in coding, editing, key entry operation

and verification.

CSPro, an integrated software developed for data entry, editing, verification and tabulation byUS Bureau of Census was used for data processing (Key entry, editing and verification).

However, CSPro, SPSS and STATA are used for tabulations. Range and consistency checks were

done thoroughly during the processing operation. The captured data were further cleaned with

the assistance of international experts. New classifications of occupation and industry were

prepared based on ISOC and ISIC (Rev. 4). Similarly, classifications of caste/ethnicity, religion and

language were prepared based on the recommendations of the academicians and subject

matter specialists.

10.Quality control

10.1 Utmost attention was laid for quality in the whole census operation, from designing of

the questionnaires and manuals to standardization of the training of enumerators,

monitoring of the field work, processing operation and tabulation as well. Continuity of

form-1 and form-2 has been maintained in the design which was helpful in simultaneous

data entry and also in tracing the common identification of both forms.

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Wide range of consultation and roundtable workshops with various stakeholders and

data users were carried out both in the center and districts to collect the

suggestions/feedbacks before finalizing the census tools (questionnaires and manuals).

Also, the questionnaires and manuals were revised and peer-reviewed by the subject

matter specialist and (gender and social inclusion) GESI experts to make the tools more

user and GESI friendly.

10.2 The ratio of supervisor to enumerators has been improved to 1:4 as compared to 1:5 in

2001. The work load on an average stands at 828 persons per enumerator against 1135

in 2001.

10.3 None of the wards or VDC or any part of the country is missed in the census which could

not happen in 2001 due to the conflict.

10.4 Wide range of mass media and publicity materials (in various local languages) including

individual SMS messages were used to pre-inform the respondents about the contents

and methodologies of the census. An official census website and a dedicated toll-free

hotline were used to receive suggestions/complaints of any omission/duplication of

households throughout the field operation period to ensure the wide participation of

the respondents.

10.5 There was independent monitoring and observation of the census field work in all 75

districts by the civil societies and their feedback was encouraging in terms of the

coverage and dedication of the census staff.

11.Management of census results and analysis

Preliminary results with the total no of houses, households and sex-wise population by districts

were released in September 2011 immediately after the forms were received from the field

based on the control forms (summary sheets) filled in by the field staff. Final results of the

census is planned to be released in different phases and the national report and the population

by VDCs and districts are the first to be brought out. It has been planned to bring out the census

results in different volumes e.g. volumes on demographic characteristics, volumes on social

characteristics (caste/ethnicity, religion and language), volumes on literacy and education

volumes on economic characteristics, Volumes on migration and absent population. Special

volumes by gender characteristics and urban areas will also be produced and released. These

outcomes will be made available in electronic formats. A sample data set will be made available

for researchers as well.

Analysis of census results is planned to be undertaken on different characteristics by experts

and that will include trend analysis, social and demographic analysis as well. Economic

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demography will be the special part of the analysis. The results of the analysis will come out

with monograph volumes. Hard copies and electronic copies will be released as well.

The results will be disseminated at the centre and also in districts.

12.Cooperation of development partners

Generous co-operations were received from development partners since the preparatory phase.

Continuous technical assistance from UNFPA has been instrumental in making the census a

success. UNFPA assistance in pilot census, field work, PES and analysis has been important.

Likewise, assistance of UNWOMEN particularly in publicity and development of Information,

Education and Communication (IEC) materials in gender and social inclusion perspective both in

pilot and main census is instrumental. Similarly, the support of DANIDA in the development of

EA maps and support of UNDP in designing and development of training materials are

appreciated. Likewise, the technical support of US Census Bureau at the final stage of processing

the census data is significant.

13.Challenges faced during the census operation

13.1 States priority during the census project period was drafting a new constitution and

total efforts of the government and political parties were concentrated on the issues of the

contents of the constitution. Also, peoples aspirations from the census were high and issues of

identities were brought upon surface by various caste/ethnic and social groups. As a result, the

streets were almost occupied with demonstrations and, so, fears of the census being

jeopardized were also there.

13.2 High expectation of users from the census: There were demands for more questions to

be included in the questionnaire. As a result, the questionnaire has become one of longest withmore than 50 questions. It might have adverse effect in the quality of data if proper attention

were not given at every stage of the census operation.

13.3 Financial resource management: Amount of fund required for the census was huge.

Exploring the external resources took longer and eventually, Government of Nepal provided

most of the expenses (98. 50 percent) for the operation. Nevertheless, UNFPA, UNDP, UN

Women, DANIDA, JICA, US Bureau of Census provided logistics and technical support for the

census.

13.4 Human resource management: Managing large number (40,276 persons) of human

resource of different level was one of the major challenges. Deputation of field staffs-

enumerators and supervisors considering gender and social inclusion aspect was found quite

cumbersome.

13.5 Security threat: Security threats were faced by some District Census Officers and field

staffs in some regions. Disturbances in the field work and threats of abduction while

10


23/278

questionnaire were being transported to Kathmandu were faced. But, the situation was tackled

with the help of the local administration.

13.6 The procurement of census materials, data processing work as per existing rules and

regulation of government procurement procedure was really challenging to compromise with

timeline and quality.

14.Recommendations for the next census

14.1 Financial resources should be decided in time so that census operation modalities,

selection of technology and methodology could be fixed in advance to avoid uncertainties.

14.2 Number of census questions should be optimally determined; open questions should

strictly be minimized; and a viable new technology should be explored for more efficient field

operation and data processing.

14.3 Enumeration area (EA) maps should be prepared in time and used extensively for reducing

coverage errors in the census.

14.4 Field staff should mostly be recruited from unemployed educated youths and priority

should be given to college students.

14.5 A Special Census Act that mandates for an independent commission for the census,

facilitates financial and human resources required, eases quick procurement of census materials

and services and, addresses gender and social inclusion in overall management of the operation

is recommended.

14.6 New technology of data capturing be adopted for easing data collection, capturing and

processing.

11


24/278

Population and Housing Census 2011, Nepal

Calendar of Activities

1 Masters' Training of Trainers Jan 27- Feb 09, 2011

2 District Census Officers' Training (Center) Feb 17 Mar 03, 2011

3 Area Supervisors' Training (Center) Feb 23 Mar 03, 2011

4 Establishment of District Census Offices March 15, 2011 Tues

5 Establishment and first meeting of DCCC Mar 16 23, 2011

6Recruitment of Area Supervisors and Preparation for the

Establishment of Area Census OfficesApr 03 13, 2011

7 District Level Census Sensitization workshops Mar 29 Apr 08, 2011

8 Establishment of Area Census Offices Apr 14, 2011 Thursday

9 Training of Area Supervisors Apr 16 23, 201110 Area Level Census Sensitization workshops Apr 24 May 03, 2011

11 Recruitment of Supervisors and assign the area for field work Apr 28 May 03, 2011

12 Training of Supervisors May 05 - 11, 2011

13 Field Work of Household Listing May 15 Jun 01, 2011

14 Sample Selection and Preparation for Enumerators' Training Jun 02 03, 2011

15MTOT for Supervisors who work as a resource person in

Enumerators' TrainingJun 05 - 06, 2011

16 Recruitment of Enumerators' and assign the area for Field Work Jun 07, 2011 Tuesday

17 Enumerators' Training Jun 08 14, 2011

18

Deadline for Enumerators to reach the assigned area for field

work Jun 16, 2011 Thursday

19 CENSUS Jun 17 27, 2011

20 Census Day Jun 22, 2011 Wed

21Deadline for Enumerators' to submit the filled up

questionnaires to supervisorJun 28 Jul 02, 2011

22 Closing the Area Census Office Jul 03 06, 2011

23 Closing the District Census Office Jul 09 16, 2011

24 Dissemination of Preliminary Census Results October, 2011

25 Launching of National Report 2011 Novemebr, 2012

12


25/278

Total Staff Engaged in Census at District Level

S.N. Human ResourceNumber

1.District Census Officers 80

2.Area Census Supervisors (Recruited from Center) 80

3.Area Census Supervisors (Recruited in Districts) 198

4.Accountant 80

5.Office Helpers (at district) 160

6.Office Helpers (at Area Census Offices) 289

7. Additional Management Staff (District Census Office) 320

8.Additional Management Staff( Area Census Offices) 267

9.Field Supervisors 7,909

10.Enumerators 30,793

11.CBS Staff (at Center) 100

Total 40,276

13


26/278

Table 1: Households by ownership of house/housing unit in use.

Owned Rented Institutional Others

Nepal 5,423,297 4,623,653 694,701 34,313 70,630

Urban/Rural

8UEDQ 5XUDO

Ecological Belt

0RXQWDLQ

+LOO

7HUDL

Development Region

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ :HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

)DU:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

Eco-Development Region

(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ (DVWHUQ+LOO

(DVWHUQ7HUDL

&HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ &HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL :HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

:HVWHUQ+LOO

:HVWHUQ7HUDL 0LG:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO 0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL

)DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ )DU:HVWHUQ+LOO )DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District

7DSOHMXQJ

3DQFKWKDU

,ODP

-KDSD

0RUDQJ

6XQVDUL

'KDQNXWD

7HUKDWKXP

6DQNKXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU

6ROXNKXPEX

2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ

8GD\DSXU

6DSWDUL

6LUDKD

'KDQXVD

0DKRWWDUL

6DUODKL

6LQGKXOL

5DPHFKKDS

'RODNKD

6LQGKXSDOFKRN

.DYUHSDODQFKRN

Area TotalOwnership of house/housing unit


27/278

Table 1: Households by ownership of house/housing unit in use.

Owned Rented Institutional OthersArea Total

Ownership of house/housing unit

/DOLWSXU

%KDNWDSXU

.DWKPDQGX

1XZDNRW

5DVXZD

'KDGLQJ

0DNZDQSXU

5DXWDKDW

%DUD

3DUVD

&KLWDZDQ

*RUNKD

/DPMXQJ

7DQDKX

6\DQJMD

.DVNL

0DQDQJ

0XVWDQJ

0\DJGL

3DUEDW

%DJOXQJ

*XOPL

3DOSD

1DZDOSDUDVL

5XSDQGHKL

.DSLOEDVWX

$UJKDNKDQFKL

3\XWKDQ

5ROSD

5XNXP

6DO\DQ

'DQJ

%DQNH

%DUGL\D

6XUNKHW

'DLOHNK

-DMDUNRW

'ROSD

-XPOD

.DOLNRW

0XJX

+XPOD

%DMXUD

%DMKDQJ

$FKKDP

'RWL

.DLODOL

.DQFKDQSXU

'DGHOGKXUD

%DLWDGL

'DUFKXOD


28/278

Table 2: Households by foundation of house/housing unit.

Mud

bonded

bricks/

stone

Cement

bonded

bricks/

stone

RCC with

pillar

Wooden

pillarOthers

Nepal 5,423,297 2,397,441 952,702 539,004 1,350,151 126,281 57,718

Urban/Rural

8UEDQ

5XUDO

Ecological Belt

0RXQWDLQ

+LOO

7HUDL

Development Region

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ : HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

)DU: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ


(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

(DVWHUQ+LOO

(DVWHUQ7HUDL

&HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ

&HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL

:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

:HVWHUQ+LOO

:HVWHUQ7HUDL

0LG:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO

0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL

)DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

)DU:HVWHUQ+LOO

)DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District

7DSOHMXQJ

3DQFKWKDU

,ODP

-KDSD

0RUDQJ 6XQVDUL

'KDQNXWD

7HUKDWKXP

6DQNKXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU

6ROXNKXPEX

2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ

8GD\DSXU

6DSWDUL

6LUDKD

'KDQXVD

0DKRWWDUL

6DUODKL 6LQGKXOL

Area Total

Type of foundation of house

Not stated


29/278

Table 2: Households by foundation of house/housing unit.

Mud

bonded

bricks/

stone

Cement

bonded

bricks/

stone

RCC with

pillar

Wooden

pillarOthers

Area Total

Type of foundation of house

Not stated

5DPHFKKDS

'RODNKD

6LQGKXSDOFKRN

.DYUHSDODQFKRN

/DOLWSXU

%KDNWDSXU

.DWKPDQGX

1XZDNRW

5DVXZD

'KDGLQJ

0DNZDQSXU

5DXWDKDW

%DUD

3DUVD

&KLWDZDQ

*RUNKD

/DPMXQJ

7DQDKX

6\DQJMD

.DVNL

0DQDQJ

0XVWDQJ

0\DJGL

3DUEDW

%DJOXQJ

*XOPL

3DOSD 1DZDOSDUDVL

5XSDQGHKL

.DSLOEDVWX

$UJKDNKDQFKL

3\XWKDQ

5ROSD

5XNXP

6DO\DQ

'DQJ

%DQNH

%DUGL\D

6XUNKHW

'DLOHNK

-DMDUNRW 'ROSD

-XPOD

.DOLNRW

0XJX

+XPOD

%DMXUD

%DMKDQJ

$FKKDP

'RWL

.DLODOL

.DQFKDQSXU

'DGHOGKXUD

%DLWDGL

'DUFKXOD


30/278

Table 3: Households by outer wall of house/housing unit.

Mud

bonded

bricks/

stone

Cement

bonded

bricks/

stone

Wood/

planksBamboo

Unbaked

brickOthers

Nepal 5,423,297 2,244,112 1,558,823 287,859 1,096,988 61,317 112,694 61,504

Urban/Rural

8UEDQ

5XUDO

Ecological Belt

0RXQWDLQ

+LOO

7HUDL

Development Region

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ : HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ )DU: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ


(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ (DVWHUQ+LOO

(DVWHUQ7HUDL &HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ

&HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL :HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

:HVWHUQ+LOO


0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO 0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL

)DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ )DU:HVWHUQ+LOO

)DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District

7DSOHMXQJ

3DQFKWKDU

,ODP -KDSD

0RUDQJ 6XQVDUL

'KDQNXWD

7HUKDWKXP 6DQNKXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU

6ROXNKXPEX 2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ 8GD\DSXU

6DSWDUL

6LUDKD 'KDQXVD

0DKRWWDUL 6DUODKL

6LQGKXOL

5DPHFKKDS 'RODNKD

Area Total

Type of outer wall

Not

stated


31/278

Table 3: Households by outer wall of house/housing unit.

Mud

bonded

bricks/

stone

Cement

bonded

bricks/

stone

Wood/

planksBamboo

Unbaked

brickOthers

Area Total

Type of outer wall

Not

stated

6LQGKXSDOFKRN .DYUHSDODQFKRN

/DOLWSXU %KDNWDSXU

.DWKPDQGX

1XZDNRW 5DVXZD

'KDGLQJ 0DNZDQSXU

5DXWDKDW

%DUD 3DUVD

&KLWDZDQ

*RUNKD /DPMXQJ

7DQDKX 6\DQJMD

.DVNL 0DQDQJ

0XVWDQJ

0\DJGL 3DUEDW

%DJOXQJ *XOPL

3DOSD 1DZDOSDUDVL

5XSDQGHKL

.DSLOEDVWX $UJKDNKDQFKL

3\XWKDQ

5ROSD 5XNXP

6DO\DQ 'DQJ

%DQNH %DUGL\D

6XUNKHW

'DLOHNK -DMDUNRW

'ROSD -XPOD

.DOLNRW

0XJX +XPOD

%DMXUD

%DMKDQJ $FKKDP

'RWL .DLODOL

.DQFKDQSXU 'DGHOGKXUD

%DLWDGL

'DUFKXOD


32/278

Table 4: Households by roof of house/housing unit.

Thatch/

straw

Galvanized

iron

Tile/

slateRCC

Wood /

planksMud Others

Not

stated

Nepal 5,423,297 1,032,282 1,532,804 1,446,998 1,219,060 44,069 59,029 22,703 66,352

Urban/Rural8UEDQ 5XUDO

Ecological Belt

0RXQWDLQ

+LOO

7HUDL

Development Region

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ :HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

)DU: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ


(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

(DVWHUQ+LOO (DVWHUQ7HUDL

&HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ &HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL

:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ :HVWHUQ+LOO


0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO

0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL )DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

)DU:HVWHUQ+LOO )DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District

7DSOHMXQJ 3DQFKWKDU

,ODP

-KDSD 0RUDQJ

6XQVDUL 'KDQNXWD

7HUKDWKXP 6DQNKXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU 6ROXNKXPEX 2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ

8GD\DSXU 6DSWDUL

6LUDKD 'KDQXVD

0DKRWWDUL

6DUODKL 6LQGKXOL

5DPHFKKDS 'RODNKD

6LQGKXSDOFKRN

.DYUHSDODQFKRN /DOLWSXU

Area Total

Roof of the house


33/278

Table 4: Households by roof of house/housing unit.

Thatch/

straw

Galvanized

iron

Tile/

slateRCC

Wood /

planksMud Others

Not

stated

Area Total

Roof of the house

%KDNWDSXU

.DWKPDQGX

1XZDNRW 5DVXZD 'KDGLQJ

0DNZDQSXU

5DXWDKDW %DUD

3DUVD &KLWDZDQ

*RUNKD /DPMXQJ

7DQDKX

6\DQJMD .DVNL

0DQDQJ

0XVWDQJ 0\DJGL

3DUEDW %DJOXQJ

*XOPL

3DOSD 1DZDOSDUDVL

5XSDQGHKL .DSLOEDVWX

$UJKDNKDQFKL 3\XWKDQ

5ROSD

5XNXP 6DO\DQ

'DQJ

%DQNH %DUGL\D

6XUNKHW 'DLOHNK

-DMDUNRW 'ROSD

-XPOD

.DOLNRW 0XJX

+XPOD %DMXUD

%DMKDQJ

$FKKDP 'RWL

.DLODOL

.DQFKDQSXU

'DGHOGKXUD

%DLWDGL 'DUFKXOD


34/278

Table5:Householdsbysourceofdrinkingwater.

Tap/piped

Tubew

ell/

handpump

Coveredwell

/kuwa

Uncovered

well/kuwa

Spoutwater

River/

stream

Others

Notstated

Nepal

5,423,297

2,591,379

1,904,965

132,870

255,658

311,394

60,580

132,551

33,900

Urban/Rural

8UEDQ

5XUDO

Ecologic

alBelt

0RXQ

WDLQ

+LOO

7HUDL

DevelopmentRegion

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ

:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG:

HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

)DU:

HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

Eco-DevelopmentRegion

(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

(DVWHUQ+LOO

(DVWHUQ7HUDL

&HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ

&HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL

:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

:HVWHUQ+LOO

:HVWHUQ7HUDL

0LG:

HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

0LG:

HVWHUQ+LOO

0LG:

HVWHUQ7HUDL

)DU:

HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

)DU:

HVWHUQ+LOO

)DU:

HVWHUQ7HUDL

District7DSOH

MXQJ

3DQF

KWKDU

,ODP

-KDSD

Area

Total

Sourceofdrinkingwater


35/278


Tap/piped

Tubew

ell/

handpump

Coveredwell

/kuwa

Uncovered

well/kuwa

Spoutwater

River/

stream

Others

Notstated

Area

Total


0RUD

QJ

6XQV

DUL

'KDQ

NXWD

7HUKDWKXP

6DQN

KXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU

6ROXNKXPEX

2NKD

OGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ

8GD\

DSXU

6DSWDUL

6LUDK

D

'KDQ

XVD

0DKR

WWDUL

6DUOD

KL

6LQGKXOL

5DPHFKKDS

'RODNKD

6LQGKXSDOFKRN

.DYUHSDODQFKRN

/DOLWS

XU

%KDN

WDSXU

.DWKPDQGX

1XZDNRW

5DVX

ZD

'KDG

LQJ

0DNZ

DQSXU

5DXWDKDW

%DUD

3DUVD

&KLWD

ZDQ

*RUNKD

/DPMXQJ

7DQD

KX

6\DQ

JMD

.DVN

L

0DQD

QJ

0XVWDQJ

0\DJ

GL

3DUEDW

%DJOXQJ


36/278


Tap/piped

Tubew

ell/

handpump

Coveredwell

/kuwa

Uncovered

well/kuwa

Spoutwater

River/

stream

Others

Notstated

Area

Total


*XOP

L

3DOSD

1DZDOSDUDVL

5XSD

QGHKL

.DSLOEDVWX

$UJKDNKDQFKL

3\XWKDQ

5ROSD

5XNX

P

6DO\D

Q

'DQJ

%DQN

H

%DUGL\D

6XUNKHW

'DLOH

NK

-DMDUNRW

'ROSD

-XPOD

.DOLNRW

0XJX

+XPOD

%DMXUD

%DMKDQJ

$FKK

DP

'RWL

.DLOD

OL

.DQF

KDQSXU

'DGH

OGKXUD

%DLWD

GL

'DUFKXOD


37/278

Table6:

Householdsbyusualtypeoffuel

usedforcooking.

Wood/

firewood

Kerosene

LPgas

Cowdung

Biogas

Electricity

Othe

rs

Notstated

Nepal

5,423

,297

3,470,224

55,610

1,140,662

563,126

131,596

4,523

22,583

34,973

Urban/R

ural

8UED

Q

5XUD

O

Ecologic

alBelt

0RXQWDLQ

+LOO

7HUD

L

Develop

mentRegion

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

&HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ

:HV

WHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

)DU:HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

Eco-Dev

elopmentRegion

(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

(DVWHUQ+LOO

(DVWHUQ7HUDL

&HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ

&HQWUDO+LOO

&HQWUDO7HUDL

:HV

WHUQ0RXQWDLQ

:HV

WHUQ+LOO

:HV

WHUQ7HUDL

0LG:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO

0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL

)DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

)DU:HVWHUQ+LOO

)DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District 7DSOHMXQJ

3DQFKWKDU

,ODP

Area

Total

Usualtypeoffuelusedforcooking


38/278

Table6:


usedforcooking.

Wood/

firewood

Kerosene

LPgas

Cowdung

Biogas

Electricity

Othe

rs

Notstated

Area

Total


-KDS

D

0RUD

QJ

6XQVDUL

'KDQNXWD

7HUK

DWKXP

6DQNKXZDVDEKD

%KRMSXU

6ROX

NKXPEX

2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ

8GD\DSXU

6DSWDUL

6LUDKD

'KDQXVD

0DKRWWDUL

6DUODKL

6LQG

KXOL

5DP

HFKKDS

'ROD

NKD

6LQG

KXSDOFKRN

.DYU

HSDODQFKRN

/DOLWSXU

%KDNWDSXU

.DWK

PDQGX

1XZ

DNRW

5DVXZD

'KDGLQJ

0DNZDQSXU

5DXWDKDW

%DUD

3DUV

D

&KLWDZDQ

*RUN

KD

/DPMXQJ

7DQD

KX

6\DQ

JMD

.DVNL

0DQDQJ

0XVWDQJ

0\DJGL


39/278

Table6:


usedforcooking.

Wood/

firewood

Kerosene

LPgas

Cowdung

Biogas

Electricity

Others

Notstated

Area

Total


3DUE

DW

%DJOXQJ

*XOP

L

3DOS

D

1DZ

DOSDUDVL

5XSDQGHKL

.DSLOEDVWX

$UJK

DNKDQFKL

3\XW

KDQ

5ROS

D

5XNXP

6DO\DQ

'DQJ

%DQNH

%DUG

L\D

6XUN

KHW

'DLOHNK

-DMDUNRW

'ROS

D

-XPOD

.DOLN

RW

0XJX

+XP

OD

%DMX

UD

%DMK

DQJ

$FKKDP

'RWL

.DLOD

OL

.DQFKDQSXU

'DGHOGKXUD

%DLWDGL

'DUF

KXOD


40/278

Table 7: Households by usual source of lighting.

Electricity Kerosene Bio-gas Solar Others Not stated

Nepal 5,423,297 3,647,746 991,510 15,264 403,504 330,170 35,103

Urban/Rural

8UEDQ 5XUDO

Ecological Belt

0RXQWDLQ +LOO 7HUDL

Development Region

(DVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ &HQWUDO'HY5HJLRQ : HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ

0LG: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ )DU: HVWHUQ'HY5HJLRQ


(DVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

(DVWHUQ+LOO (DVWHUQ7HUDL &HQWUDO0RXQWDLQ &HQWUDO+LOO &HQWUDO7HUDL :HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ :HVWHUQ+LOO :HVWHUQ7HUDL 0LG:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ

0LG:HVWHUQ+LOO

0LG:HVWHUQ7HUDL )DU:HVWHUQ0RXQWDLQ )DU:HVWHUQ+LOO )DU:HVWHUQ7HUDL

District

7DSOHMXQJ 3DQFKWKDU ,ODP -KDSD 0RUDQJ

6XQVDUL 'KDQNXWD 7HUKDWKXP

6DQNKXZDVDEKD %KRMSXU 6ROXNKXPEX 2NKDOGKXQJD

.KRWDQJ 8GD\DSXU 6DSWDUL 6LUDKD 'KDQXVD 0DKRWWDUL 6DUODKL 6LQGKXOL 5DPHFKKDS

'RODNKD

6LQGKXSDOFKRN .DYUHSDODQFKRN /DOLWSXU %KDNWDSXU .DWKPDQGX

Area Total

Usual source of lighting


41/278

Table 7: Households by usual source of lighting.

Electricity Kerosene Bio-gas Solar Others Not statedArea Total

Usual source of lighting

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42/278

Table 8: Households by types of toilet.

Flush toilet

(public

sewerage)

Flush toilet

(septic tank)Ordinary toilet

Nepal 5,423,297 2,069,812 448,359 1,814,293 1,055,862 34,971

Urban/Rural

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Area Total Without toilet

Type of toilet used

Not stated


43/278

Table 8: Households by types of toilet.

Flush toilet

(public

sewerage)

Flush toilet

(septic tank)Ordinary toilet

Area Total Without toilet

Type of toilet used

Not stated

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44/278


45/278


46/278


47/278

Table 10: Households by female ownership of fixed assets.

Both house

& landLand only

Neither house nor

land

Nepal 5,423,297 580,757 488,314 4,310,560 43,666

Urban/Rural

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Area Total

Female ownership in

Not stated


48/278

Table 10: Households by female ownership of fixed assets.

Both house

& landLand only

Neither house nor

land

Area Total

Female ownership in

Not stated

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49/278

Table 11: Population absent from household.

Total Male Female

Nepal 5,423,297 1,378,678 1,921,494 1,684,029 237,400 65

Urban/Rural

Urban 1,045,575 200,380 285,421 227,632 57,774 15Rural 4,377,722 1,178,298 1,636,073 1,456,397 179,626 50

Ecological Belt

Mountain 363,698 69,255 105,423 82,322 23,101 0Hill 2,532,041 700,465 991,167 860,555 130,604 8Terai 2,527,558 608,958 824,904 741,152 83,695 57

Development Region

Eastern Dev. Region 1,230,743 333,016 429,870 388,619 41,232 19Central Dev. Region 1,962,238 350,551 464,456 395,402 69,025 29Western Dev. Region 1,065,599 405,819 579,834 518,502 61,326 6Mid-Western Dev. Region 695,014 158,323 221,261 196,695 24,563 3

Far-Western Dev. Region 469,703 130,969 226,073 184,811 41,254 8


Eastern Mountain 84,844 21,572 27,608 25,179 2,429 0Eastern Hill 346,373 101,196 128,671 118,098 10,572 1Eastern Terai 799,526 210,248 273,591 245,342 28,231 18Central Mountain 122,034 23,788 32,961 23,537 9,424 0Central Hill 1,014,765 168,263 228,818 180,844 47,972 2Central Terai 825,439 158,500 202,677 191,021 11,629 27Western Mountain 4,753 1,032 1,704 1,152 552 0Western Hill 676,987 289,486 420,099 375,812 44,283 4Western Terai 383,859 115,301 158,031 141,538 16,491 2Mid-Western Mountain 68,802 3,512 5,387 4,162 1,225 0Mid-Western Hill 332,025 88,312 126,311 112,596 13,714 1Mid-Western Terai 294,187 66,499 89,563 79,937 9,624 2Far-Western Mountain 83,265 19,351 37,763 28,292 9,471 0

Far-Western Hill 161,891 53,208 87,268 73,205 14,063 0Far-Western Terai 224,547 58,410 101,042 83,314 17,720 8

District

Taplejung 26,471 7,745 9,793 9,114 679 0

Panchthar 41,176 14,041 17,842 16,605 1,237 0

Ilam 64,477 16,846 21,486 18,949 2,537 0

Jhapa 184,384 59,545 80,625 68,928 11,697 0

Morang 213,870 54,220 70,462 62,064 8,398 0

Sunsari 162,279 37,984 50,281 43,381 6,894 6

Dhankuta 37,616 11,804 14,415 13,538 876 1

Terhathum 22,084 7,832 9,791 9,273 518 0

Sankhuwasabha 34,615 9,589 12,198 11,335 863 0

Bhojpur 39,393 11,559 14,863 13,822 1,041 0

Solukhumbu 23,758 4,238 5,617 4,730 887 0

Okhaldhunga 32,466 7,712 10,552 9,371 1,181 0

Khotang 42,647 13,644 17,662 16,504 1,158 0

Udayapur 66,514 17,758 22,060 20,036 2,024 0

Saptari 121,064 26,433 25,676 752 5

Siraha 117,929 36,787 45,790 45,293 490 7

Dhanusa 138,225 47,633 60,400 59,570 815 15

Mahottari 111,298 31,500 40,541 39,621 911 9

Sarlahi 132,803 16,980 21,401 19,747 1,654 0

Sindhuli 57,544 12,355 15,287 14,003 1,284 0

Ramechhap 43,883 8,340 11,199 9,742 1,457 0

Dolakha 45,658 7,587 10,121 8,266 1,855 0

Sindhupalchok 66,635 13,778 19,712 13,035 6,677 0

Kavrepalanchok 80,651 11,782 14,531 12,565 1,966 0

Area TotalAbsent

household

Absent PopulationNot stated

37


50/278

Table 11: Absent household and population.

Total Male Female

Area TotalAbsent

household

Absent PopulationNot stated

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51/278

Table 12: Households, population and population density.

Total Male Female

Nepal 5,427,302 26,494,504 12,849,041 13,645,463 147,181 4.88 94.2 180

Urban/Rural

Urban 1,047,297 4,523,820 2,306,049 2,217,771 3,276.28 4.32 104.0 1,381

Rural 4,380,005 21,970,684 10,542,992 11,427,692 143,904.72 5.02 92.3 153

Ecological Belt

Mountain 364,120 1,781,792 862,592 919,200 51,817 4.89 93.8 34

Hill 2,534,430 11,394,007 5,440,067 5,953,940 61,345 4.50 91.4 186

Terai 2,528,752 13,318,705 6,546,382 6,772,323 34,019 5.27 96.7 392

Development Region

Eastern Dev. Region 1,231,505 5,811,555 2,790,483 3,021,072 28,456 4.72 92.4 204

Central Dev. Region 1,964,045 9,656,985 4,841,624 4,815,361 27,410 4.92 100.5 352

Western Dev. Region 1,066,362 4 ,926,765 2 ,292,597 2 ,634,168 29,398 4.62 87.0 168

Mid-Western Dev. Region 695,419 3,546,682 1,706,450 1,840,232 42,378 5.10 92.7 84Far-Western Dev. Region 469,971 2,552,517 1,217,887 1,334,630 19,539 5.43 91.3 131


Eastern Mountain 84,918 392,089 186,977 205,112 10,438 4.62 91.2 38

Eastern Hill 346,571 1,601,347 756,522 844,825 10,749 4.62 89.5 149

Eastern Terai 800,016 3,818,119 1,846,984 1,971,135 7,269 4.77 93.7 525

Central Mountain 122,154 517,655 246,829 270,826 6,277 4.24 91.1 82

Central Hill 1,016,181 4,431,813 2,221,717 2,210,096 11,805 4.36 100.5 375

Central Terai 825,710 4,707,517 2,373,078 2,334,439 9,328 5.70 101.7 505

Western Mountain 4,834 19,990 10,754 9,236 5,819 4.14 116.4 3

Western Hill 677,498 2,811,135 1,260,376 1,550,759 18,319 4.15 81.3 153

Western Terai 384,030 2,095,640 1,021,467 1,074,173 5,260 5.46 95.1 398

Mid-Western Mountain 68,902 388,713 195,827 192,886 21,351 5.64 101.5 18

Mid-Western Hill 332,153 1,687,497 800,229 887,268 13,710 5.08 90.2 123

Mid-Western Terai 294,364 1,470,472 710,394 760,078 7,317 5.00 93.5 201

Far-Western Mountain 83,312 463,345 222,205 241,140 7,932 5.56 92.1 58

Far-Western Hill 162,027 862,215 401,223 460,992 6,762 5.32 87.0 128

Far-Western Terai 224,632 1,226,957 594,459 632,498 4,845 5.46 94.0 253

District

Taplejung 26,509 127,461 60,552 66,909 3,646 4.81 90.5 35

Panchthar 41,196 191,817 90,186 101,631 1,241 4.66 88.7 155

Ilam 64,502 290,254 141,126 149,128 1,703 4.50 94.6 170

Jhapa 184,552 812,650 385,096 427,554 1,606 4.40 90.1 506

Morang 213,997 965,370 466,712 498,658 1,855 4.51 93.6 520

Sunsari 162,407 763,487 371,229 392,258 1,257 4.70 94.6 607

Dhankuta 37,637 163,412 76,515 86,897 891 4.34 88.1 183Terhathum 22,094 101,577 47,151 54,426 679 4.60 86.6 150

Sankhuwasabha 34,624 158,742 75,225 83,517 3,480 4.58 90.1 46

Bhojpur 39,419 182,459 86,053 96,406 1,507 4.63 89.3 121

Solukhumbu 23,785 105,886 51,200 54,686 3,312 4.45 93.6 32

Okhaldhunga 32,502 147,984 68,687 79,297 1,074 4.55 86.6 138

Khotang 42,664 206,312 97,092 109,220 1,591 4.84 88.9 130

Udayapur 66,557 317,532 149,712 167,820 2,063 4.77 89.2 154

Saptari 121,098 639,284 313,846 325,438 1,363 5.28 96.4 469

Siraha 117,962 637,328 310,101 327,227 1,188 5.40 94.8 536

Dhanusa 138,249 754,777 378,538 376,239 1,180 5.46 100.6 640

Mahottari 111,316 627,580 311,016 316,564 1,002 5.64 98.2 626

Sarlahi 132,844 769,729 389,756 379,973 1,259 5.79 102.6 611

Sindhuli 57,581 296,192 142,123 154,069 2,491 5.14 92.2 119

Ramechhap 43,910 202,646 93,386 109,260 1,546 4.62 85.5 131

Dolakha 45,688 186,557 87,003 99,554 2,191 4.08 87.4 85

Population

DensityArea

Household

*

PopulationArea in

Sq. Km.

Average

House-

hold Size

Sex

Ratio

39


52/278

Table 12: Households, population and population density.

Total Male Female

Population

DensityArea

Household

*

PopulationArea in

Sq. Km.

Average

House-

hold Size

Sex

Ratio

Sindhupalchok 66,688 287,798 138,351 149,447 2,542 4.32 92.6 113

Kavrepalanchok 80,720 381,937 182,936 199,001 1,396 4.73 91.9 274Lalitpur 109,797 468,132 238,082 230,050 385 4.26 103.5 1,216

Bhaktapur 68,636 304,651 154,884 149,767 119 4.44 103.4 2,560

Kathmandu 436,344 1,744,240 913,001 831,239 395 4.00 109.8 4,416

Nuwakot 59,215 277,471 132,787 144,684 1,121 4.69 91.8 248

Rasuwa 9,778 43,300 21,475 21,825 1,544 4.43 98.4 28

Dhading 73,851 336,067 157,834 178,233 1,926 4.55 88.6 174

Makwanpur 86,127 420,477 206,684 213,793 2,426 4.88 96.7 173

Rautahat 106,668 686,722 351,079 335,643 1,126 6.44 104.6 610

Bara 108,635 687,708 351,244 336,464 1,190 6.33 104.4 578

Parsa 95,536 601,017 312,358 288,659 1,353 6.29 108.2 444

Chitawan 132,462 579,984 279,087 300,897 2,218 4.38 92.8 261

Gorkha 66,506 271,061 121,041 150,020 3,610 4.08 80.7 75

Lamjung 42,079 167,724 75,913 91,811 1,692 3.99 82.7 99

Tanahu 78,309 323,288 143,410 179,878 1,546 4.13 79.7 209

Syangja 68,881 289,148 125,833 163,315 1,164 4.20 77.0 248

Kaski 125,673 492,098 236,385 255,713 2,017 3.92 92.4 244

Manang 1,480 6,538 3,661 2,877 2,246 4.42 127.3 3

Mustang 3,354 13,452 7,093 6,359 3,573 4.01 111.5 4

Myagdi 27,762 113,641 51,395 62,246 2,297 4.09 82.6 49

Parbat 35,719 146,590 65,301 81,289 494 4.10 80.3 297

Baglung 61,522 268,613 117,997 150,616 1,784 4.37 78.3 151

Gulmi 64,921 280,160 120,995 159,165 1,149 4.32 76.0 244

Palpa 59,291 261,180 115,840 145,340 1,373 4.41 79.7 190

Nawalparasi 128,793 643,508 303,675 339,833 2,162 5.00 89.4 298

Rupandehi 163,916 880,196 432,193 448,003 1,360 5.37 96.5 647

Kapilbastu 91,321 571,936 285,599 286,337 1,738 6.26 99.7 329

Arghakhanchi 46,835 197,632 86,266 111,366 1,193 4.22 77.5 166Pyuthan 47,730 228,102 100,053 128,049 1,309 4.78 78.1 174

Rolpa 43,757 224,506 103,100 121,406 1,879 5.13 84.9 119

Rukum 41,856 208,567 99,159 109,408 2,877 4.98 90.6 72

Salyan 46,556 242,444 115,969 126,475 1,462 5.21 91.7 166

Dang 116,415 552,583 261,059 291,524 2,955 4.75 89.5 187

Banke 94,773 491,313 244,255 247,058 2,337 5.18 98.9 210

Bardiya 83,176 426,576 205,080 221,496 2,025 5.13 92.6 211

Surkhet 72,863 350,804 169,421 181,383 2,451 4.81 93.4 143

Dailekh 48,919 261,770 126,990 134,780 1,502 5.35 94.2 174

Jajarkot 30,472 171,304 85,537 85,767 2,230 5.62 99.7 77

Dolpa 7,488 36,700 18,238 18,462 7,889 4.90 98.8 5

Jumla 19,303 108,921 54,898 54,023 2,531 5.64 101.6 43

Kalikot 23,013 136,948 68,833 68,115 1,741 5.95 101.1 79

Mugu 9,619 55,286 28,025 27,261 3,535 5.75 102.8 16Humla 9,479 50,858 25,833 25,025 5,655 5.37 103.2 9

Bajura 24,908 134,912 65,806 69,106 2,188 5.42 95.2 62

Bajhang 33,786 195,159 92,794 102,365 3,422 5.78 90.7 57

Achham 48,351 257,477 120,008 137,469 1,680 5.33 87.3 153

Doti 41,440 211,746 97,252 114,494 2,025 5.11 84.9 105

Kailali 142,480 775,709 378,417 397,292 3,235 5.44 95.2 240

Kanchanpur 82,152 451,248 216,042 235,206 1,610 5.49 91.9 280

Dadeldhura 27,045 142,094 66,556 75,538 1,538 5.25 88.1 92

Baitadi 45,191 250,898 117,407 133,491 1,519 5.55 88.0 165

Darchula 24,618 133,274 63,605 69,669 2,322 5.41 91.3 57

No

national report of census

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