NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION

DEVELOPMENT PLANS

WHAT ARE DEVELOPMENT PLANS

IN MALAYSIA?

FIRST MALAYA PLAN ( 1956-1960)

SECOND

FIRST MALAYSIAN PLAN

SECOND

THIRD-SEVENTH

NEW ECONOMY POLICY

It was launched in 1970.

Aims;

To eradicate poverty

To restructure social development.

First Malaya Plan (1956-1960)

- First Malaya Plan (1956-1960)

It had the aim to develop the rural sector in reducing the income gap between the rural and urban areas and to reduce poverty rate

Second Malaya Plan (1961-1965)

It showed an improvement in managing development by employing two major strategies. First is the involvement of the people in the planning and implementing process. Second, planning of development programs by the government was based on needs of the people at that particular place. At each district, operation rooms were set up and the district officer was responsible in supervising implementation of the programs.

First Malaysian Plan (1966-1970)

This plan gave attention to economic growth of the country. It also gave attention to national integration between the states due to the inclusion of Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysia. However the socioeconomic imbalance between communities and areas was still not well addressed, which gave effect to political and social stability. This was evident in the 13th May 1969 incident.

NEP

- In 1970, the New Economic Policy (NEP) was launched. It had two major aims, i.e. poverty eradication and social restructuring. Some of its major strategies were:

What are their major strategies?

A. Increase productivity

B. Create more job

C. Improve infrastructures

D. Improve public services

E. Encourage all races.

F. Modernize rural area.

How long does NEP involved?

20 years ( 1970-1990)

NEP was replaced by NDP in 1991.

NDP plans:

Sixth Malaysian Plan.

Seventh Malaysian Plan.

NDP

- Under the NDP, several aims were identified based on the experience of NEP:

a) more attention was given to eradicate poverty among the hard core poor.

VISION 2020

Wawasan 2020 or Vision 2020 is a Malaysian ideal introduced by the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Mahathir bin Mohamad during the tabling of the Sixth Malaysia Plan in 1991.

Vision 2020 9 challenges

Challenge 1: Establishing a united Malaysian nation made up of one Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysian Race).

Challenge 2: Creating a psychologically liberated, secure and developed Malaysian society.

Challenge 3: Fostering and developing a mature democratic society.

Challenge 4: Establishing a fully moral and ethical society.

9 challenges

Challenge 5: Establishing a matured liberal and tolerant society.

Challenge 6: Establishing a scientific and progressive society.

Challenge 7: Establishing a fully caring society.

9 challenges

Challenge 8: Ensuring an economically just society, in which there is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation.

Challenge 9: Establishing a prosperous society with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient.

VISION 2020

But still, we have to protect our articles of the constitution:

152: Malay language as official language

153: Specialty to the Bumiputera.

VISION 2020

Another great example is SMART SCHOOL: Some schools are chosen by the government to create the most up to date atmosphere of teaching and learning and to produce young dynamic Malaysian adapted to norms and values.

The Association of Southeast

Asian Nations ( ASEAN)

formed on 8 August 1967

through the Declaration of Bangkok

Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Since then, membership has expanded to include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

ASEAN

-The main objective is to promote economic cooperation among member states.

- Malaysia gets involved in many foreign policies besides ASEAN. Malaysia had joint commonwealth, international trade and security as well as co orperation with US, Europe and China

National Integrity Plan

It aims to cultivate and strengthen a way of life for members of the society and upholds high moral ideals and ethical standards, thus becoming a nation of integrity.

NIP

National Integration’ is a process of uniting various groups in the society through common identity by putting aside major differences but at the same time not ignoring the original identity of each group.

NIP

Do not PREJUDICE !

The attitude towards other ethnic group based on common generalisation (stereotype) and not based on concrete evidence which involves pre-judgement and bad judgement. It will badly affect the racial relations in Malaysia.

Segregation - Accommodation -

Acculturation - Assimilation -

Amalgamation All the five stages above portray

how minority groups have become part of the main stream in the society.

Characteristic of a plural society

means: Multi racial and there are cultural

differences among the people.

These ethnic groups are involved in different forms of economic activities during British colonisation era.

The Malay society represents the single largest ethnic group in terms of size.

Every ethnic group consist of sub-ethnic group.

WHO ARE THEY?

Originating from the Punjab region.

Serve as policemen for the British Straits Settlement communities and as night watchmen for industries.

Also worked as police, railway station officers and security guard.

Multi Racial Ethnics in Malaysia

As multi racial ethnics, we are very tolerance towards ethnicity, culture, food, language and cultures and festivals.

Malaysia foreign policies

The basic objective of Malaysia’s foreign policy is to protect national interest at international level.

MALAYSIAN FOREIGN POLICY

We get involved in:

Involvement in Commonwealth.

Cooperation with major powers such as US, Europe and China.

International trade.

International security.