national and regional growth early industry and invention
TRANSCRIPT
National and Regional National and Regional GrowthGrowth
Early Industry and InventionEarly Industry and Invention
Around 1800 a lot of big changes were Around 1800 a lot of big changes were starting to take place in the world – and in starting to take place in the world – and in
America.America.
Most of them centered around new Most of them centered around new inventions.inventions.
In the world – this was a time called the In the world – this was a time called the ““Industrial Revolution.”Industrial Revolution.”
One immigrant had new One immigrant had new methods for improving textile methods for improving textile
productionproduction Samuel SlaterSamuel Slater Had lived in England Had lived in England
and had worked in a and had worked in a textile mill. textile mill.
Those kinds of people Those kinds of people were not allowed to were not allowed to leave England – they leave England – they didndidn’’t want their t want their secrets to get out.secrets to get out.
He did sneak out and He did sneak out and came to America and came to America and started the first textile started the first textile mill in the U.S.mill in the U.S.
Because of these new Because of these new machines, Americans could do machines, Americans could do
2 things2 things They could They could make a make a
lotlot of cloth and of cloth and make it quicker and make it quicker and easiereasier than ever than ever before.before.
They They didndidn’’t have to t have to buybuy textiles textiles from from EnglandEngland any more any more and those profits and those profits could go back to could go back to Americans.Americans.
Some of these factories were Some of these factories were HUGEHUGE
This This factory systemfactory system started in New started in New England.England.
They needed workers They needed workers for these mills – a for these mills – a LOT of workersLOT of workers
For the first time in For the first time in America, people America, people started moving off started moving off farms and into cities.farms and into cities.
These factories hired These factories hired either…either…
Families who would Families who would all be part of a all be part of a ““factory townfactory town””
Even the kids Even the kids would work – they would work – they had smaller hands had smaller hands to work with some to work with some of the machines.of the machines.
Young women who Young women who would end up living would end up living in a in a ““dormitorydormitory”” at/near the factory.at/near the factory.
They were watched They were watched closely – at work closely – at work and even after work and even after work (had to follow strict (had to follow strict rules, go to church, rules, go to church, obey company obey company policies)policies)
Another important ideaAnother important idea
Eli Whitney Eli Whitney was given the was given the responsibility of producing responsibility of producing guns for the army.guns for the army.
Every gun was made Every gun was made individually and each individually and each might be made just a little might be made just a little bit different than the other.bit different than the other.
He thought of a better way He thought of a better way – interchangeable parts – – interchangeable parts – where parts were made where parts were made separately and then separately and then assembled. This speeded assembled. This speeded up production, made up production, made repairs easier, and allowed repairs easier, and allowed factories to open where he factories to open where he could give people jobs.could give people jobs.
Then… came the SteamboatThen… came the Steamboat(Part of (Part of the Transportation Revolutionthe Transportation Revolution))
Robert Fulton Robert Fulton developed a developed a steamboat that could steamboat that could go upstream or go upstream or against the current. against the current.
Later an even more Later an even more powerful powerful paddleboat/steamboat paddleboat/steamboat was invented.was invented.
And for communication came…And for communication came…(The Communications Revolution)(The Communications Revolution)
The telegraph – The telegraph – Samuel Morse.Samuel Morse.
Messages came in Messages came in electrical signals which electrical signals which could be decoded into could be decoded into letters and words.letters and words.
People could now People could now communicate quickly communicate quickly throughout the country throughout the country (or wherever they could (or wherever they could put telegraph wires).put telegraph wires).
And… we canAnd… we can’’t forget about t forget about farmersfarmers
New machines New machines were invented to were invented to make farming make farming easier and increase easier and increase production.production.
One of these was One of these was the steel plow – the steel plow – invented by John invented by John Deere Deere
(yeah – that guy)(yeah – that guy)
And… more farm toolsAnd… more farm tools
ReapersReapers Threshing Threshing
machinesmachines Mechanical Mechanical ““grain grain
drillsdrills””
You havenYou haven’’t noticed it, but…t noticed it, but…
This affects the whole This affects the whole countrycountry
Midwest farmers Midwest farmers would grow more food would grow more food to feed Northeast to feed Northeast factory workers.factory workers.
Midwest farmers Midwest farmers needed things made needed things made in Northeastern in Northeastern factories.factories.
Southerners needed Southerners needed to grow more cotton to grow more cotton to supply New to supply New England textile mills.England textile mills.
After the War of 1812…After the War of 1812…there started to be struggles in America there started to be struggles in America
between ideas of nationalism and ideas of between ideas of nationalism and ideas of sectionalismsectionalism
Nationalism: Nationalism: a feeling a feeling of pride in your of pride in your country.country.
Sectionalism: Sectionalism: a feeling a feeling that your section of the that your section of the country is more important country is more important than other sections of the than other sections of the country.country.
Americans especially began to Americans especially began to want better transportation want better transportation
systemssystems(more of (more of the Transportation Revolutionthe Transportation Revolution))
Congress had Congress had already started already started building a building a ““national national roadroad”” – all the way – all the way to Illinoisto Illinois
A lot of Canals were dugA lot of Canals were dug
The Erie Canal The Erie Canal was one of the was one of the more famousmore famous
This linked the This linked the East Coast to the East Coast to the Great Lakes and Great Lakes and the Midwestthe Midwest
But there were problems But there were problems between sections of the between sections of the
countrycountry Missouri wanted to Missouri wanted to
be added to the be added to the country as a new country as a new state.state.
It could be either a It could be either a slave state, or a slave state, or a free state.free state.
At the time the At the time the country had 11 free country had 11 free and 11 slave and 11 slave states.states.
It was decided to It was decided to let Missouri enter let Missouri enter the Union as a the Union as a slave state.slave state.
But… only at the But… only at the same time that same time that Maine would be Maine would be added as a free added as a free state.state.
This agreement is called: The Missouri This agreement is called: The Missouri Compromise.Compromise.
Another issue at this same time Another issue at this same time was:was:
In Latin America there In Latin America there was a plan to help was a plan to help Spain and Portugal get Spain and Portugal get back some of their lost back some of their lost colonies.colonies.
There were even some There were even some Russian colonies being Russian colonies being set up all the way set up all the way from Alaska to near from Alaska to near where San Francisco is where San Francisco is today.today.
President Monroe issued a statement to the President Monroe issued a statement to the
worldworld (called: (called: The Monroe The Monroe DoctrineDoctrine))
He said the Americas He said the Americas were closed to further were closed to further expansion and expansion and settlement.settlement.
He He warnedwarned these other these other countries that wecountries that we’’d d protect our interests protect our interests here.here.
He also promised the He also promised the United States wouldnUnited States wouldn’’t t interfere with anything interfere with anything that went on in that went on in Europe.Europe.