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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.gov
Instrument Development at NASA GSFC
Ken
Hinkle
Code 550
January 10, 2012
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Instrument Systems and Technology Division
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Agenda
• Instrument Systems and Technology Division (ISTD/Code 550)
overview (Brief) - Ken
• ISTD Support Service Contract - Ken
• Instrument Management changes within AETD – Ken
• AETD/ISTD Instrument Collaboration w/ Code 600 – Carl
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Why We Build Instruments Sciences and Exploration at Goddard
Earth Sciences: Develop better knowledge of the distribution and
characteristics of Earth's natural resources and how they are
changing. Develop a better understanding of the processes
affecting global change.
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Astrophysics Science: How do galaxies, stars, and planetary systems form
and evolve? What is the diversity of worlds beyond our solar system? Which
planets might harbor life? What powered the big bang? What is Dark
Energy? What happens to space, time and matter at the edge of a black
hole? What are the cycles of matter & energy in the evolving universe?
Heliophysics Science: Mission development and research in solar physics,
heliospheric physics, geospace physics and space weather. Research into solar
structure and magnetic activity, the origins and acceleration of the solar wind, the
effects of solar outbursts on the heliosphere, the response of the coupled
magnetosphere-ionosphere system at the Earth and other planets to solar variability
including solar irradiance.
Solar System Exploration: Explore the Solar System and study the formation and
evolution of planetary systems.
AETD Overview 3-30-10
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Instrument Systems & Technology Division
We provide optical engineering expertise in
the design, development and testing of state-
of-the-art optical instruments, subsystems,
and components.
Majors: Physics
We provide space flight cryogenic
Cooling systems from room temperature
to as close as possible to absolute zero.
Majors: Aerospace, Mechanical, Physics
We research, develop, design, build,
integrate, & test laser & electro-optic
components & systems for present & future
space flight deployment or ground/air
validation.
Majors: Physics, Electrical
We build a wide range of products, from
custom detectors to entire turn-key systems
that span the electromagnetic spectrum.
Majors: Electrical, Physics,
Chemistry/Materials
We provide engineering and technology
expertise enabling end-to-end
conceptualization and development of
microwave instrument systems.
Majors:
Physics, Electrical
We provide technical leadership for the
full life cycle of instrument development.
The Instrument Systems and Technology Division enables scientific discovery
and exploration by developing state-of-the-art technologies and world-class
flight instruments.
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Systems & Technology Division
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
Division Chief Ken Hinkle
Division Chief Secretary: Denise Tarrance Associate Secretary: Carole Rehm
Admin Officer: Shelly Standiford Admin. Officer: Julie Hosford
Assistant Division Chief
Howard Branch
Associate Division Chiefs Peter Maymon
Cathy Long
Senior Staff New Business Lead: Carl Stahle ISTD Chief Engineer: Jay Smith Chief Engineer: Murzy Jhabvala
Senior Staff: Lee Feinberg
Assoc. Chief (501) In-House Instruments Robert Wright
Institution Resource Analyst Tara Lausch Arthur Chan
Optics Head: David Vaughnn
Assoc. Head: Rene A Boucarut Assoc. Head: Gerry Wright Assoc. Head: Ross Henry
Assoc. Head: Maria Nowak Secretary: Vacant
Cryogenic and Fluids Head: Susan Breon
Assoc. Head: Eric Silk Secretary: Karen Baron
Detector Systems Head: Laddawan Miko
Assoc. Head: David Franz Assoc. Head: Wen-Ting Hsieh
Secretary: Vacant
Lasers and Elector-Optics Head: Mike Krainak
Assoc. Head: Branimir Blagojevic Secretary: Elizabeth Trammell
Microwave Instruments & Technology Head: Diep Nguyen
Assoc. Head: Vacant Secretary: Mary Ellen Verceles
Information Technology Engineering
Manager
Monisha Dawson
Assistant Chief for Technology
Terry Doiron
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Systems & Technology Division Demographics
• Civil servants: ~185
• Facilities: Code 550: B23
Code 551: B5, 7 [OCL, ODL]
Code 552: B7 [CRIF]
Code 553: B11, 30 [DDL, DCL]
Code 554:B33 [Laser Labs]
Code 555: B19
Code 505: B23
• Support Service Contractors: MSES, ESES
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Measurement: Direct vs. Remote Sensing Instruments
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Direct Sensing Instruments (In-situ) • High-energy Particle Detectors
• Low-Energy Charged-Particle Detectors
• Plasma Instruments – [FPI/DIS, DES]
• Dust Detectors
• Magnetometers
• Plasma Wave Detector
• Mass Spectrometers – [SAM, Maven NGIMS, LADEE NMS, MOMA]
• Passive Remote Sensing • Planetary Radio Astronomy Instruments
• Imaging Instruments – [Coronographs, Telescopes]
• Imaging Spectrometers – [CIRS, DIRBE, FIRAS, XRS-2, CosMIR, NIRSpec]
• Active Remote Sensing • Radar/Radiometers – [Aquarius, SMAP] • Scatterometer • LIDAR/Altimeter (Light Detection and Ranging) – [MOLA, MLA, LOLA, GLAS/Icesat-1,
ATLAS/Icesat-2], Atmospheric composition
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Solar System Exploration: GSFC has flown more instruments to other planets than any other institution!
Mars Global Surveyor
Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter
Messenger – Mercury Laser
Altimeter
Cassini - Saturn,
it’s rings and Huygens
probe
first color image of
Titan
AETD Overview 3-30-10
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Cosmic Background Explorer
This the first Nobel Prize ever
by a NASA civil servant scientist.
COBE was built entirely in-house
by NASA, including all
instruments.
The Nobel Prize in Physics is the
biggest prize in Science
AETD Overview 3-30-10
ISTD Support Service Contract (New!)
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• AETD issues with overrunning 540, 560, 580, and 590 support service
contracts necessitated separate procurement for future Code 550 support
services
• Completed in-house cost estimate and SOW to cover all 5 engineering
Branches and Code 505
• RFI Issued on 12/30/2011
• Engineering Support: Optics, Cryogenics, Detectors, Lasers,
Microwave
• Instrument Systems Engineering, Configuration Management,
Scheduling, Financial Management
• Plan to issue RFP by 4/2012
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Management within AETD
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Historically:
• Technical Performance – Excellent
• Risk – Very adverse
• Cost - High
• Managing in-house instrument development is totally different than
managing out-of-house missions.
• Goal of being competitive during the proposal phase needs to be
balanced with meeting our commitments, which should be the ―driving
force‖ for all of us!
• Project management must be viewed as a 3 axis management trade:
Cost, Risk, and Performance
The issue: ―We’re living in a new world‖ wrt Cost and Schedule
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Management within AETD Observations
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Today’s flight instrument projects receive significantly more scrutiny and reporting
from and to Center and HQ management
• Number of instruments under simultaneous development and total cost of
instruments have increased dramatically over the past several years
• Demands for IM’s/ISE’s does not allow for training…management experience and
infrastructure has not keep pace with growth
• Programmatic demands require increased business management support
Resulting in… • Scrutiny from HQ and Center management due to continuous programmatic issues
reported on several instruments
• Action issued from Center management for Codes 400, 500, and 600 to define
future course for instrument management--500 to lead effort.
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Instrument Management Themes
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
1. The reporting structure with respect to Instrument Managers (IM), AETD
line managers, and the PI is flawed w/ IM in Code 556.
2. AETD's instrument management approach is more suited to facility-class
directed instruments, rather than for competitive (cost constrained)
instrument builds.
3. Some IM’s are not always experienced or well qualified for the particular
assignment.
4. Instrument TRL at the time of the bid for competitive instruments is often
not mature enough.
5. Science and engineering teams don't often work as closely together as
needed at an early stage
6. Many review teams do not have the necessary experience to identify
flaws and pitfalls in the design at an early stage.
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Recommendations & Implementations
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Reorganization of the Instrument Systems Branch (Code 556) to the
Instrument Systems Management Office (Code 505) to provide clear lines
of authority and reporting for IM’s Complete (Chief: Cathy Richardson)
• Restructure Champion Teams - Restructured assessing impact
• Focus on programmatic and technical issues
• Restructure AETD Project Monthly (APM) - Complete
• Center requiring higher confidence cost levels for instrument builds (i.e.
RAO 60% or higher)
• Implementation of training program for Instrument Managers, Instrument
Systems Engineers, and PDL’s ! – In Development
AETD Overview 3-30-10
Recommendations & Implementations (Con’t)
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Project manager certification for IM’s - In Discussion
• Evaluate changes to NPR 7120.5 to accept select risk that will directly
help control development costs - (Discussions w/ OCE)
• TRL assessed and agreed by both AETD and Code 600
• Additional ARD needed to minimize risk
• Implement Financial Technical Authority (Similar to Engineering
Technical Authority)
• PDL Training – Curriculum rolled out – Spring start
AETD Overview 3-30-10
GCA Support
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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Applied Engineering and Technology Directorate—
Enabling the “Reality of Tomorrow”
• Proactively manage and control cost to better than +/- 10%
• Work closely with subcontractors to uncover hidden costs
and avoid late or lost invoices
• Late, unplanned invoices create planning nightmares for
projects nearing completion or projects with low reserves
• Assistance with providing senior/experienced engineering
support (Center CS FTE ceiling stable or decreasing)
• Instrument Systems Engineering
• Configuration Management, Scheduling