national adaptation programme of actions (napas) moving from assessment and planning to action by...

National Adaptation Programme of National Adaptation Programme of Actions (NAPAs)Actions (NAPAs)

Moving From Assessment And Planning Moving From Assessment And Planning To Action To Action

ByBy

Mozaharul AlamMozaharul Alam

Research FellowResearch Fellow

Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS)Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS)

Climate Change and Sustainable Development:Climate Change and Sustainable Development:An international workshop to strengthen research and understandingAn international workshop to strengthen research and understanding

7-8 April7-8 April

New Delhi, IndiaNew Delhi, India

About PresentationAbout Presentation

Brief History of LDC Group and NAPA within Brief History of LDC Group and NAPA within UNFCCCUNFCCC

Steps and Processes of NAPA Preparation – Steps and Processes of NAPA Preparation – Annotated GuidelineAnnotated Guideline

Status of Completion of NAPAsStatus of Completion of NAPAs

Types of Adaptation Projects and Interventions Types of Adaptation Projects and Interventions Proposed in NAPAsProposed in NAPAs

Elements and Status of Programming Paper for Elements and Status of Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPAImplementation of NAPA

Some RemarksSome Remarks


Article 4.9 of the Convention (Article 4.9 of the Convention (Special Situation of Special Situation of LDC)LDC)

Take full account of the specific needs and special Take full account of the specific needs and special situations of the LDCs in their actionssituations of the LDCs in their actions

Funding and technology transferFunding and technology transfer

Characteristics of LDCsCharacteristics of LDCs Low GDP/capitaLow GDP/capita

Low level of human developmentLow level of human development

Dependent mostly on a single economic activities – Dependent mostly on a single economic activities – natural resource basenatural resource base

Low level of adaptive capabilityLow level of adaptive capability


SB 13 in Lyon, France in September 2000SB 13 in Lyon, France in September 2000 Formation of LDC GroupFormation of LDC Group

Geneva; October 2000Geneva; October 2000 NAPA Concept BornNAPA Concept Born

COP6 in the Hague in November 2000COP6 in the Hague in November 2000 NAPA Officially ProposedNAPA Officially Proposed

Kampala, Uganda in April 2001 (before SB 14) Kampala, Uganda in April 2001 (before SB 14) Developed first draft of the guideline for NAPADeveloped first draft of the guideline for NAPA


CoP 6bis in Bonn in July 2001CoP 6bis in Bonn in July 2001 NAPA receive COP endorsementNAPA receive COP endorsement

Maldives; October 2001Maldives; October 2001 LDC group drafts negotiating proposalsLDC group drafts negotiating proposals

COP 7, decisions known as Marrakech AccordsCOP 7, decisions known as Marrakech Accords

3 decisions adopted related to LDC and NAPA3 decisions adopted related to LDC and NAPA LDC funds for Preparation of NAPA (UNEP and UNDP)LDC funds for Preparation of NAPA (UNEP and UNDP)

Establishment of LDC Expert GroupEstablishment of LDC Expert Group

Adopted Terms of References of the LEGAdopted Terms of References of the LEG

Steps and Processes of NAPA Preparation – Annotated GuidelineSteps and Processes of NAPA Preparation – Annotated Guideline

Multidisciplinary TeamMultidisciplinary Team

(NAPA Team, SWG)(NAPA Team, SWG)

Conduct Sub-national Stakeholder Conduct Sub-national Stakeholder Consultations Aiming at Consultations Aiming at

Identification of Potential Ideas for Identification of Potential Ideas for Activities, and Cross-check Activities, and Cross-check

Current Impacts and Potential Current Impacts and Potential Increase in Climate Hazards and Increase in Climate Hazards and

Associated Risks Associated Risks

Undertake Criteria DevelopmentUndertake Criteria DevelopmentPrioritization ProcessPrioritization Process(Ranking the Criteria)(Ranking the Criteria)

Rank Projects/Activities and Rank Projects/Activities and Demonstrate Integration into National Demonstrate Integration into National Policy Frameworks and ProgrammePolicy Frameworks and Programme

Preparation of NAPA Document along Preparation of NAPA Document along with Profile of Potential Projectswith Profile of Potential Projects

Develop V&A Assessment Methodology Develop V&A Assessment Methodology for Sectoral Assessmentfor Sectoral Assessment

Articulate Potential NAPA Activities Articulate Potential NAPA Activities based on Ideas from Consultations and based on Ideas from Consultations and

V&A Sectoral Assessment ReportV&A Sectoral Assessment Report

Conduct National Conduct National Stakeholders ConsultationStakeholders Consultation

Synthesis and identification of important Synthesis and identification of important sectors and their vulnerabilitiessectors and their vulnerabilities

Previous StudiesPrevious Studies Report on coping strategies to extreme Report on coping strategies to extreme

events (cyclone, floods, storm surge and events (cyclone, floods, storm surge and droughtsdroughts

National Water Management PlanNational Water Management Plan PRSPPRSP National Development Policy & PlanNational Development Policy & Plan Sectoral Development Policies & PlansSectoral Development Policies & Plans

Assessment of Sectoral Vulnerability Assessment of Sectoral Vulnerability and Identification of Potential Adaptation and Identification of Potential Adaptation

MeasuresMeasures

Adaptation Policy Framework (APF)Adaptation Policy Framework (APF) Methods and Framework used in earlier Methods and Framework used in earlier

studiesstudies UNEP MethodologyUNEP Methodology

Review Available Impact Assessments, Review Available Impact Assessments, Coping Strategies, Past Consultations, Coping Strategies, Past Consultations,

Trends and Existing Development Trends and Existing Development Framework Framework

Status of NAPA PreparationStatus of NAPA Preparation

UNDP is involved in preparing NAPA in 29 countriesUNDP is involved in preparing NAPA in 29 countries

5 Countries have completed NAPA (Bangladesh, Bhutan…)5 Countries have completed NAPA (Bangladesh, Bhutan…)

7 Countries are in advance stage of completion7 Countries are in advance stage of completion

17 Countries have started their activities17 Countries have started their activities

UNEP is involved in preparing NAPA in 16 countriesUNEP is involved in preparing NAPA in 16 countries

2 Countries have completed NAPA2 Countries have completed NAPA

7 Countries are in advance stage of completion7 Countries are in advance stage of completion

2 countries have not started yet2 countries have not started yet

WB is involved in preparing NAPA in 2 countriesWB is involved in preparing NAPA in 2 countries


Water resourcesWater resources Rainwater harvesting and storage for domestic and irrigation Rainwater harvesting and storage for domestic and irrigation

water supplieswater supplies

Protection of water supply sourcesProtection of water supply sources

Improved water resource planning to accounting for heightened Improved water resource planning to accounting for heightened variability and vulnerabilityvariability and vulnerability

Food security and agricultureFood security and agriculture No-till agriculture techniquesNo-till agriculture techniques

Improvements of seasonal weather forecasting for cropsImprovements of seasonal weather forecasting for crops

Increased use of traditional crops to reduce crop-production Increased use of traditional crops to reduce crop-production variabilityvariability

Development of drought and salt tolerant varietiesDevelopment of drought and salt tolerant varieties


HealthHealth Monitoring the incidence of and expanding control of vector-borne Monitoring the incidence of and expanding control of vector-borne

diseases at and beyond current boundariesdiseases at and beyond current boundaries

Disaster preparedness and risk managementDisaster preparedness and risk management Awareness raisingAwareness raising Information disseminationInformation dissemination Disaster resistant settlement and shelterDisaster resistant settlement and shelter

InfrastructureInfrastructure Regulations and codes for buildings, roads, etc.Regulations and codes for buildings, roads, etc.

Natural resources managementNatural resources management Community-based adaptationCommunity-based adaptation Mangrove restorationMangrove restoration Sustainable fisheries Sustainable fisheries

Status and Elements of Programming Paper for Status and Elements of Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPAImplementation of NAPA

GEF has prepared Programming Paper based on Parties GEF has prepared Programming Paper based on Parties DecisionsDecisions

There was formal and informal discussion on the There was formal and informal discussion on the Programming Paper between GEF and LDC country Programming Paper between GEF and LDC country PartiesParties

GEF and LDC hold a consultation meeting on 4-6 April GEF and LDC hold a consultation meeting on 4-6 April 2006 at Dhaka to finalize Programming Paper2006 at Dhaka to finalize Programming Paper

Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPA is almost Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPA is almost at the Final Stageat the Final Stage

Key Elements of the Programming PaperKey Elements of the Programming Paper

What does apply?What does apply? Additional cost Additional cost Full costFull cost Sliding ScaleSliding Scale New approach to co-New approach to co-

financing and cost financing and cost sharingsharing

Expedited project cycleExpedited project cycle

What does not apply?What does not apply? No incremental costNo incremental cost No global benefitsNo global benefits No RAFNo RAF No precedent for the No precedent for the

GEF trust fundGEF trust fund


Additional CostAdditional Cost

Definition: the costs imposed on vulnerable countries Definition: the costs imposed on vulnerable countries to meet their immediate adaptation needs (Decision to meet their immediate adaptation needs (Decision 3/CP.11)3/CP.11)

Consequently: The LDCF will provide financing for Consequently: The LDCF will provide financing for the additional cost imposed on vulnerable LDC the additional cost imposed on vulnerable LDC countries to meet their urgent and immediate needs, countries to meet their urgent and immediate needs, as identified in their NAPAs.as identified in their NAPAs.


Full CostFull Cost When additional costs coincide with the total cost When additional costs coincide with the total cost

of the project of the project Adaptation interventions constitute 100% of the Adaptation interventions constitute 100% of the

activityactivity There are no baseline activities and therefore There are no baseline activities and therefore

baseline costs are zerobaseline costs are zero The full cost of the project (independent from The full cost of the project (independent from

the sliding scale) will be covered by the LDCFthe sliding scale) will be covered by the LDCF


Who to Estimate Additional CostWho to Estimate Additional Cost

Two optionsTwo options

Additional cost estimation => explaining what are the baseline Additional cost estimation => explaining what are the baseline costs, project costs and the additional costscosts, project costs and the additional costs

Use sliding scale as a shortcut => agreed % of baseline and Use sliding scale as a shortcut => agreed % of baseline and additional costs to save time and money additional costs to save time and money

Baseline co-financing should include costs of existing Baseline co-financing should include costs of existing activities in agriculture, health, water and other affected activities in agriculture, health, water and other affected sectorssectors


Proposed Sliding Scale for the LDCFProposed Sliding Scale for the LDCF

Less than $200,000 (total cost) => 100% LDCFLess than $200,000 (total cost) => 100% LDCF

$200K to $500K (total cost) => 75% LDCF$200K to $500K (total cost) => 75% LDCF

$500K to $6 M (total cost) => 50% LDCF$500K to $6 M (total cost) => 50% LDCF

$6 M to $18 M (total cost) => 33% LDCF$6 M to $18 M (total cost) => 33% LDCF

total cost over $18M => 25% LDCFtotal cost over $18M => 25% LDCF

From preparation to implementation: From preparation to implementation: Operational stepsOperational steps

The NAPA must be completedThe NAPA must be completed

After NAPA completion, each LDC is invited to develop After NAPA completion, each LDC is invited to develop and submit project proposal (s) to address the urgent and and submit project proposal (s) to address the urgent and immediate needs prioritized by their NAPAimmediate needs prioritized by their NAPA

How to proceed?How to proceed?

Step one: choice of the IA (existing modality)Step one: choice of the IA (existing modality)

Step two: start preparing a project proposalStep two: start preparing a project proposal

Step three: developing a project proposalStep three: developing a project proposal

Step four: project submission for Pipeline EntryStep four: project submission for Pipeline Entry

Outlook: Outlook: Financial resources for NAPA Financial resources for NAPA implementationimplementation

Existing LDCF resources: $22MExisting LDCF resources: $22M

Pledging meeting, April 28, 2006Pledging meeting, April 28, 2006

Donors are planning to contribute to the fund on an annual Donors are planning to contribute to the fund on an annual basisbasis

Rough estimate of resources needed for the first round of Rough estimate of resources needed for the first round of NAPA implementation:NAPA implementation:

$2-3 M average => $88 - $150M range (as a start)$2-3 M average => $88 - $150M range (as a start)


Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPA is almost Programming Paper for Implementation of NAPA is almost ready and most of the elements are acceptable by LDC ready and most of the elements are acceptable by LDC countriescountries

LDC has suggested some changes particularly slab of LDC has suggested some changes particularly slab of sliding scale and co-financingsliding scale and co-financing

Adaptation projects focused on developmentAdaptation projects focused on development

Understanding what urgent and immediate actions are Understanding what urgent and immediate actions are needed to achieve “climate-resilient” development is one needed to achieve “climate-resilient” development is one of the major challengesof the major challenges

How to integrate climate change risks and adaptation How to integrate climate change risks and adaptation measures into development projects and activitiesmeasures into development projects and activities


How to implement these actions on the ground (capacity How to implement these actions on the ground (capacity and governance)and governance)

Necessary to bring a wide range of expertise and Necessary to bring a wide range of expertise and experience on the ground experience on the ground

Enhancing partnerships and networks of stakeholders, Enhancing partnerships and networks of stakeholders, with expertise on water, agriculture, health, disaster risk with expertise on water, agriculture, health, disaster risk management ad other vulnerable development sectorsmanagement ad other vulnerable development sectors

Flexibility and learning by doing is importantFlexibility and learning by doing is important

Thank YouThank You

national adaptation programme of actions (napas) moving from assessment and planning to action by...

Documents

napa bangladesh

preparation of napa

napa concept borncop6

ldc group drafts

napabrief history of

formation of ldc groupgeneva

potential increase

national policy frameworks