naph-ta-li _ black hebrew martial art
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ORIGI OF NRPH-TR-li
To fully understand the art of Naph-ta-li, the student must grasp thehistorical concepts (Origin) and internalize them (Spirituality).
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The Bible creatively interprets the story of Jacob's encounter with the ArchAngel Chama-el. This Naph-ta-li manualperceives that biblical lore andconvey the lessons to this generation. It shows how that event in Jacob's lifepertains to tis today. The relevance of this ancient tale, its teachings, symbols,
and meanings can place our knowledge of God and our trust in God on acosmic magnitude.
Exploration of this event is the essence of victory over ourselves. First, wewill struggle with ourselves before finding our true selves. Thisenlightenment enables us to claim all life's happiness. Second, this event isthe essence of victory over our life. We must struggle with life (job trouble,financial burdens, social situations, etc.) before we settle ourselves into life.
This provides the power to claim victory over an adversity. Third, this event
proclaims victory over those adversities. (We must face an adversary beforewe can the defeat that adversary and claim victory.)
The student must read again the episode of Jacob at Peni-el to open new
horizons and to realize its impact on the student's life. Jacob needed to beprovoked into action to justify his place in history. All the student must do isread this book and choose a course of action. One should not say that hebelieves in spiritual warfare. One should read, examine, and then becomeenveloped in believing. One demonstrates this in his every action.
0 I SBRE 0 NRI!H-18 LI
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Reasonable Grounds/Probable Cause
Introduction To:
An understanding of reasonable grounds/probable cause is
essential to the successful martial artist. This study note is
designed to give you a fuller understanding of the meaning ofthe basic concept of reasonable grounds/probable cause as it
applies to the martial artist. It outlines the legal definition
of reasonable grounds/probable cause as it is established by
the courts, the quality of evidence needed to establish a self-
defense and the importance of training aondexperience.
The instructor may wish to include hypothetical examples
of reasonable grounds/probable cause likely to arise in the oourse
of your actions as a martial artist.
In today's climate of increased awareness of indi~idual
civil rights, f~ilure on the part of a martial artist to recogniz~all of the factors involved in establishing reasonable grounds/
probable cause could expose the martial artist and his/her school
to a ci vi 1 sui t for damages, and also could beg in an criminal
process against the defender.
Defined:
Reasonable grounds/probable cause for self-defense is defined
as a combination of threat or apparent threat, which would lead
a person of reasonable caution, to believe that an attack is about
to be committed.
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standard is governed by the circumstances, facts or apparentfacts of each case.
Extreme Urgency:
The courts have
of
held that self-defense is only justified
"extreme urgency". This is defined as aunder conditions
situation requiring swift action to avoid serious or grave bodily
harm or the loss of life and where there is not sufficient time
to get away. The time factor is very important and the claim
of an extraordinary emergency must be supported by sufficient
facts or apparent facts as they appeared a t- the-scene. As a
citizen, acting in an emergency in the defense of his/her life,
person or property he/she wi11 be judged on"those circumstances,
facts or apparent facts as find at-the-scene, regardless of
whether or not they are actually true.
If you have a reasonable suspicion that an individual is
about to commit serious or grave bodily harm upon you, you have
the right to protect yourself. You must have reasonable grounds/
probable cause for your belief that this individual, whom you
are ready to defend against, is about to commit a grave crime
against you.
There's No Substitute for Training and Experience:
As you progress in your martial arts training, you will
gradually begin to get the feel of what constitutes reasonable
grounds/probable cause. A good deal of it depends on the alertness
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think is an "airtight" case, as a matter of good procedure for
your protection, you should sti11 make an effort to come up with
as many facts as you can about the situation. If you have
sufficiently detailed facts, backed up by credible witnesses,
that is enough to establish a good reasonable grounds/probable
cause defense.
The basic idea underlying reasonable grounds/probable cause is
that a martial artist have considerable discretion and power
in the use of their techniques, therefore they are to be exercised
within recognized legal boundaries. Martial artist are
expected to use everyday COmmOJl sense in the use of their
techniques while defending themselves.
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Escalating
Levels of Force
Rules of the use of Force in Defending Yourself:
l- Whatever force is used, it must be reasonable.,
~- Whenever the threat (attack) ceases, the use of defense
offensive techniques must end.
!- Under no circumstances can you respond to non-deadly
force wi th deadly force. You can only meet force wi th
compariable force.
- Your home and your place of business are the only two
places in which the "retreat" clause of self-defense
don't pertain, all other places or times you must try
to retreat to the furthest point" before using force.
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1st Level = Appearance
A person looks and behave like someone who may try
something or cause you trouble.
Type of Defense: Stare down or walk away.
2nd Level = Verbal
Aggressive language, expressions or~ threats that indicates
to you that this person intends to do you bodily harm or
cause you injury.
Type of Defense: Talk down or get away.
3rd Level = Motion
Aggressive movement, motion or action that leads you to
believe that you're under theat of bodily harm or that
you are in danger of injury.
Type of Defense: Get away from.
4th Level = Simple Assault
An attempt to do bodily
the use of simple force.or kick, a single strike
or poke or such other
bodily injury.
Type of Defense:
injury or
Such as;
or kick
cause harm to you by
an attempt to strike
or a pull, push, grab
force that may causemanner of
"Force for Force" s\lc.h as; control
techniques, a block, strike
a hold, lock, take down, etc.
or kick that leads into
5th Level = Battery
A strike or kick or a series of such action or any other
manner of unarmed force, that may cause serious bodily
injury
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Basic Life As~umptions
1. Every person is given life by the creator and therefore has
intrinsic worth equal to every other person.
2. Environment was created for man's reasonable and responsible
use and enjoyment.
3. Society is necessary for the preservation of life, liberty
and property.
Univer~al Expectations of Society
1. Life is sacred, thus worthy of protection from death.
2. Life is fragile, thus worthy of protection from injury or harn
3. Life is personal, thus worthy of protection from sexual
encouragement.
4. Life is free, thus worthy of protection from unwilling confine
mente
5. Property is valuable, thus worth protection from damage.
6. Property is attachment, thus worth protection from lost.
7. Society is important, thus worth protection from disorder.
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6th Level = Aggravated Assault
Assault to do grave bodily injury upon a perSO!l
use of a weapon (stick, club, brick, etc.).
Type of Defense: "Weapon against Weapon" such as;
by the
the use
of a chair, hammer, bat, etc. to be used in a blocking
and/or striking manner in which to stop and disarm the
attacking force.
...
7th Level= Deadly Force
Assault, with the intent and means, to do fatal bodilyharm, the use of such weapons (knife, firearms, auto,
etc.).
Type of Defense: "Weapon aga inst Weapon" such as the use of
such striking method with a weapon that will stop and
disable the attacking force or such level of forcethat will render the attacking element helpless.
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COMMON MARTIAL ARTS TERMS
USED IN STREET DEFENSE
These words and phrases are
artist teaching street defense.
common to the professional martial
( 1) Zone or Place of Action - the area or place in which you take
defensive or combative action.
( 2 ) Subject of Attack - the person in which the act of aggression
was directed toward.
( 3 ) 192.Eroach - the advance of an aggressor to the point where you
may receive hostile action.
(4 ) Defensive or Protecti ve Zone - the personal space of the
defender in which he is defending against
hostile action.
( 5 ) Line of Defense - the movement from one location to another in
in order to get away from hostile action.
( 6 ) Counter Attack - offensive action taken by the defender against
the aggressor for the purpose of stopping,
recovering, regaining or advancing.
( 7) Line of Action or Attack - the movement from one location to
another in order to drive the aggressor back.
(8) Fight Mission - what you wish to accomplish from any action
takes.
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(a) Primary Objective: the principle
important tactic and technique.
and most
(b) Secondary Obj ecti ve: the back-up tactic and
technique.
( 10) Fi:Jht Discipline - the stable of order
effectiveness, efficiency, etc.)
when engaged in a hostile action.
(coolness,
that exist
(11 ) Defensive Position - the closest position to your opponent for
maximum results.
( 13) Attack posi tion - the closest posi tion to your opponent for
maximum results.
of Attack:
(14) Method (a) Direct: the aggressor moves directly toward
you.
( 12) Direction of Defense - the directions in which you cover or
fight:(a) Direct front (the way you are facing)
(b) Direct rear
(c) Left flank (direct left side)
(d) Right flank (direct right side)
(e) Indirect left (off left)
(f) Indirect right (off right)
(g) Indirect left rear (off left rear)
(h) Indirect right rear (off right rear)
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( 16 )
(17 )
( 18 )
(19 )
Fighting
Fight Focus
(b) Indirect fighting: you move around, pick
Fight
choose openings.
Position: the stance or posture
prepare to deliver a technique.
from which you
(a) Primary: the best possible fighting stance
from which to deliver a technique.
(b) Secondary or Al terna te: the back up stance
from which you can change quickly into.
or Targeting: the strike zone or point of focus
for your technique.
(a) Primary Target: the main
(b) Secondary Target: the back-up.
Techni~ - the type of block strike, kick, throw, etc.
used against the aggressor.
(a)
(b)
Primary: the main technique to be used.
Secondary: the back-up technique to be
used or used if the primary did not work.
Angles of Technig,ue
is delivered to the target.
the eight angles in which a technique
(a) Vertical: top to bottom
bottom to top
(b) Diagonal: left-top to bottom
bottom to top
right to bottom
bottom to top
i h
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( 22)
( 23)
Support Fighting fight or support thewithalongto
movement of a second person.
Advance
Orders the verbal command in conductingFight of orders
fight activity.
(24) by Bounds - the control of movement from one location
to another, the successive completion of
ass igned obj ecti ves, . the forward movement of
( 25)
( 26)
( 27)
( 28)
( 29)
(30)
(31 )
two people through group ofmore aor
aggressors.
Concealment
of two or more
Line
Clear
aggressors, the
one location to
of the avenue of clearance, safely, in whichPassage
you can get away.
- the signal that you are safe, to make sure the attack
is over.
to keep an obj ect
sight of someone.
weapon from the view,or
Cover
Cover
Field
the evade the aggressive action
protection of movement of person.
being taken, the
seconda
Posi tion - the place to which
you from being harmed.
you hide that prevents
of Fire fires his weaponthat shooterthe
into
area a
Retreat by Bounds- the backward movement
people away from a group of
control of movement from
another.
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Martial Arts Cybernetics
These are the Psycho-Social things that a good defense will bring
before the court for consideration if charges are brought against
you.
Two Human Needs
Physical (5)
1. Air
2. Water
3. Food
4. Rest
5. Shelter (clothing and housing)
Learned (5)
1. securi ty - the need for a safe and stable environment
Self-esteem - the need to feel good about one I s self2.
3. Self-fulfillment
value to others
the need to feel self worth and a
4. Social acceptance - the need to feel a part of something
recieve to respect of others
5. Self-actualization the need to find one's place,
the realities, one's existence
Values
Personal
Social
these are the things that are important to you
these are the things that are important to society
at large
Attitude - the way you express
the things you encounter
and the method of expression of
Pyramid of Life Stages
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Imperative
.'" /
Goals
Objectives
Task
Crisis
Turmoil
Projects
Conflicts
Problems
Social Cybernetics
l'
Environmental Cybernetics
l'
Personal Cybernetics
tBase Structure
1st Stage - Base Structure
these are the thing s we are born with (Color, eyes, ha ir)
2nd Stage - Personal Cybernetics
these are the things of our own human development
3rd Stage - Environmental Cybernetics
these are the things of cybernetics that we form from society
4th Stage - Social Cybernetics
these are the things of person we form from inter-action
with others
In each of theses stages except Base Structure, there are three
ways of dealing with goals, objectives, tasks and projects, also
our crisis, turmoil, conflicts and problems...they are
Pyramid of Life Stages- -
Control
t--- -- Status Quo Creative
~
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Creative this is paving
progressive way
5th Stage-
Controlthis is the combination of
. I
a new way, doing it different, the
the proper or right choices in each stage
all the other stages and making
Court Testimony
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5.
6.
7.
Court Testimony
Trial - The story of a case in logical sequence of events
Process of the Trial
1. Judge - makes an opening statement
Prosecutor (states attorney) - makes an opening statement
giving a summary of what the state intends to prove withevidence.
2.
3. Defense Attorney - makes an opening statement
4. witness -
a. Direct questioning - questioning by the JudgeDirect examination - questioning by the side thatcalled the witnesses
Cross examination - questioning by the side thatdid not call the witness.
b.
c.
Rebuttal
Closing argument - first by the prosecution, then the Defense
When appearing in court
Judge - takes under consideration or instructs the jury
l.
2.3.
4.
5.
Be on time
Have all paperwork and notesBe dressed properlyBe politeDon't discuss case with other witnesses
When giving testimony
1.
2.
3.
Walk to stand with confidence
a. Carry no items with you except your notes
Identify yourself in a clear voice
a. Take oath straight and tall
sit straight and tall in the witness stand
4. Be calm
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
a. Don't get upset by the questioning
Don't argue with the attorneys
Don't lose your temper because of the process
Don't get upset over points of your testimony
b.
c.
d.
Listen carefully to the question
a. wait for the entire question to be asked before answeringIf there's an objection made stop your answer immediatelyDon't nod your answers
b.c.
Think before you speak
a.
b.Be brief
Tell the truth
Don't exaggerateDon't try to memorize,have to
read refer to your notes if you
c.d.
Speak up, speak clear
a. Give positive and definitive
believe, In my opinion)Give only the facts, notconclusion
Don't volunteer information, answer to only what's asked
answers (avoid - I think, I
opinion,b. hearsay, no no
c.
Correct any error's in testimony immediately
Don't look to your attorney (or the DA) for answers
If your answer is interrupted before you're finished, indicateto the court (your honor, please)
Explain your answer, only when asked
You can use (that's what I recall, I don't recall)
When addressing the court use "Your Honor","Sir" or "Mam"
"No" or "Yes"
At the end of your testimony ask to be excused
Expert witness Testimony (Martial Arts specialist)
a.
a.
2. Introduction to the area in which you will testify
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2. Introduction to the area in which you will testify
a.b.c.
Procedure you will usePresentationcircumstances
3. Introduction to tactics/techniques
a.b.c.
Identification
CaparisonConclusion
P.S. no matter which side calls in a person they consider an"expert witness"I it is up to the court to accept such aperson as such, before he will be allowed to testify
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Jacob had to wrestle with the Angel of the Lord to find himself and know his
place with God. (One must struggle with life and its problems to find one'sself and his place with God.) Jacob started his match in darkness and finishedwith victory in light. (Likewise, the student starts life in darkness, but willfinish with victory in the light of the Lord.) Jacob had to come out of himself
(his reason, his wilt etc.) in order to surpass himself, becoming Isra-el.
(Similarly, the student must surpass himself to claim the blessings of Israel.)
NOTE: Israel symbolizes struggle, endurance, and victory.
In the face of adversity, Jacob's strength is named Israel. In the face ofadversity, Israel's strength is named Naph-ta-li. Israel erased the fearful, weakJacob, allowing him access to the most secret of sanctuaries and to behold the
most luminous of beings.
Naph-ta-li will teach us strength, realization, and resolution. These three
skills enable us to defeat our problems and foes, meanwhile commanding therespect of man and angel.
The knowledge of God and one's encounter with Him compares to the RiverJabbok. The River Jabbok symbolizes a crossroad; on one side of the river youstruggle with your life, or belief in God, your fear of man, etc., etc. You must
first endure the struggle. While enduring the struggle, you must call uponthe blessing of God. You must recognize and claim the blessing, and thenrelease the problem to God. You can now freely move on with your life. Withthese steps, God will bless you and allow you to cross over into His
knowledge, protection, and victory. Though you struggle as a Jacob, you willcross over as an Israel.
This book has a vast range of implications and profound concepts.Understanding of this book will open the student's life to many newexperiences. The student must tell himself, "I will claim victory over mylife."