nanotechnology for aeronautical engineering

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University , Hyderabad - 500085

Institute of Science and Technology

Dedicated to “Missile Man of India ’’ Dr.A.P.J ABDUL KALAM

Look at the sky. We are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work.

Seminar Presentation on Nanotechnology For Aeronautical Engineering

Mentor : Dr.Shilpa Chakra

Presented. By : Rajesh SatpateRoll. No: 15031D6608Course : M.Tech (I – sem )Specialization : NanotechnologyContact. No: +91-9133700470

OVERVIEW Introduction Aeronautical engineering

Literature Nanotechnology for aeronautical engineering

Future scope

INTRODUCTION What is Aeronautical Engineering (AE ) ?

How A.E emerged ?

Literature Involved in Nanotechnology for A.E?

Nano materials for aerospace applications.Specifically focuses on carbon nanotube-reinforced polymers and materials produced by severe plastic deformation (SPD).

Future Scope ?

WeightFunctionality / PerformanceDurability

Nanotechnology for Aeronautical Engineering Materials that are:

Lighter Stronger More Durable(fatigue and corrosion) Resistant to Extreme Conditions

Also interested in materials that have unique properties. Advanced Composites Materials Space Elevator Aerospace Paint Deicing Materials Jet engine applications.

Nanotechnology already making today’s products: Lighter Stronger Faster Smaller More Durable

0.22 m

Fullerenes C60

22 cm 0.7 nm

10 millions times smaller

1 billion times

smaller

WHAT IS NANOSCALE?

12,756 km

1.27 × 107 m

0.7 × 10-9 m

Units in nanometers (µm)

How small is Nano - ?

Nanotechnology spans many Areas

NANOTECHNOLOGY

InformationTechnology

Mechanical Eng. &

Robotics

Biotechnology

Transportation

NationalSecurity &Defense

Food andAgriculture

Energy &Environment

Aerospace

AdvanceMaterials &

Textiles

Medicine /Health

NANOTECHNOLOGY


Mechanical Eng. &

Robotics

Biotechnology

Food andAgricultureAerospace

AdvanceMaterials &

Textiles

Medicine /Health

Energy &Environment

NANOTECHNOLOGY


Mechanical Eng. &

Robotics

Biotechnology


AdvanceMaterials &

Textiles

Medicine /Health

NANOTECHNOLOGY NationalSecurity &Defense

Food andAgriculture

Energy &Environment

Aerospace

AdvanceMaterials &

Textiles

Medicine /Health

NANOTECHNOLOGY


AdvanceMaterials &

Textiles

Medicine /Health

Energy &Environment

NANOTECHNOLOGY


Food andAgricultureAerospace Medicine /

Health

Mechanical Eng. &

Robotics


Food andAgriculture

Energy &Environment

Aerospace Medicine /Health

NANOTECHNOLOGY


Health

Energy &Environment

NANOTECHNOLOGY



Health

BiotechnologyMechanical Eng. &

Robotics


Food andAgriculture

Energy &Environment


NANOTECHNOLOGY


Health

Energy &Environment

NANOTECHNOLOGY



Health

Transportation


Robotics


Food andAgriculture

Energy &Environment


NANOTECHNOLOGY


Health



Health


Mechanical Eng. &

Robotics



Robotics


Transportation


Robotics


NationalSecurity &Defense

Transportation

BiotechnologyMechanical Engineering /

Robotics


Compared to Human Hair

A Human Hair is about 100,000µm wide

NANO MATERIALS 1.CARBON BASED These nonmaterial's are composed mostly of carbon, most

commonly taking the form of a hollow spheres, ellipsoids, or tubes. Spherical and ellipsoidal carbon nonmaterial's are referred to as fullerenes, while cylindrical ones are called nanotubes.

2.METAL BASED These nonmaterial's include quantum dots (closely packed

semiconductor crystal comprised of hundreds or thousands of atoms, and whose size is on the order of a few manometers to a few hundred manometers), nanogold, nanosilver and metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide. Changing the size of quantum dots changes their optical properties.

Nanotechnology for Aerospace Applications :

• Diamonded material• Price of diamonded

vehicles compared to that of titanium vehicles

• Carbon nanotubes have a Young’s modulus comparable to diamond

• Launch Vehicles

Advanced Composites MaterialsSchematic section of a helicopter rotor blade

Composites materials are combinations of two or more organic or inorganic components

Consist of high strength nano fibers embedded in a matrix

Materials are:o Matrix material: material that

holds everything together.e g . epoxy, bismaleimide, or polyimide.

o Fibers: serve as a reinforcement, embedded in the matrix.

e g. glass fiber, boron fiber, carbon fiber

• Nano Fibers are laid out in tape or fabric form

• put in a mold under heat and pressure.

• The resin matrix flows over nano fibers

• Heat is remover and it solidifies.

• It can be formed into various shapes. In some cases,

• the fibers are wound tightly to increase strength.

http://people.sabanciuniv.edu/~yusufm/r

http://people.sabanciuniv.edu/~yusufm/research/composite.jpg

http://people.sabanciuniv.edu/~yusufm/research/composite.jpg

• Traditionally used: Aluminum metal

• Aluminum made planes heavier, consume more fuel

• Fiberglass was first used in the Boeing 707 passenger jet in the 1950s, only 2% of the structure.

• Now , about one-third of the structure of the commercial planes uses composites

• Composites are stronger• Composites makes aircrafts

lighter :~ 20% lighter• Fuel efficient

Space Elevator

• A space elevator is a proposed type of space transportation system .

• Its main component is a ribbon-like cable anchored to the surface and extending into space.

• It is designed to permit vehicle transport along the cable from a planetary surface, such as the Earth's, directly into space or orbit, without the use of large rockets.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-rocket_spacelaunch

Aerospace Paint and Sealant

• Sealants to seal the structures like fuel tanks, aerodynamic sealing, and windshield installation

• PPG Aerospace chromate-free de-paint/repaint process includes a epoxy primer

• Based on nanotechnology – Environment friendly– Better adhesion– Corrosion resistant

Deicing•When a plane is in the air, icing can occur•plane’s performance suffers and disasters can occur. •Currently used techniques:• use bleed air: heating the

surface with engine bleed air

• mechanical boot: breaking the bond between surface and ice

• Issues: • Too complex, • too heavy • draws too much power to

be effective

Possibilities for the future• Nanotechnology may make it possible to manufacture lighter, stronger, and

programmable materials that– require less energy to produce than conventional material

– and that promise greater fuel efficiency in land transportation, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles.

• The future of nanotechnology could very well include the use of nanorobotics.

• These nanorobots have the potential to take on human tasks as well as tasks that humans could never complete. The rebuilding of the depleted ozone layer could potentially be able to be performed.

• There would be an entire nano surgical field to help cure everything from natural aging to diabetes to bone spurs.

• The applications of nanotechnology in aerospace were very interesting. Some of the applications appear to be so far in the future that they are not worth mentioning, such as the space elevator.

• Would have liked to see an analysis for the time estimate to implement the carbon nano-tubes in the replacing copper wires.

• Since there are other advancing aerospace programs, we would have liked to know about any other applications that these programs are exploring. We would like to know if these programs are progressing in this research more rapidly then NASA.

Concept of Information :

Drawbacks

– Nano-particles can get into the body through the skin, lungs and digestive system, thus creating free radicals that can cause cell damage.

– Once nano-particles are in the bloodstream, they will be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.

– The most dangerous Nano-application use for military purposes is the Nano-bomb that contain engineered self multiplying deadly viruses that can continue to wipe out a community, country or even a civilization.

“Miniaturisation has obvious advantages in terms of reducing the weight of cables and thus the overall weight of the aircraft, helping to lower fuel costs. The huge number of cables installed in a modern military aircraft can have a significant impact on an its weight.”

Note :

Even though nanotechnology is a fairly new area, it has incredible potential and is a really exciting area to be involved in.

Many of the applications discussed here are speculative to say the least. However, they do not appear to violate the laws of physics.

The time-to-nanotechnology will be measured in decades, not years. While a few applications will become feasible in the next few years.

The time-to-nanotechnology is very sensitive to the level of effort expended. Resources allocated to developing nanotechnology are likely to be richly rewarded, particularly in the long term.

In recent years every country is showing a lot of interest regarding the space exploration programs . And, hence let's expect a faster growth of nanotechnology in aerospace-applications.

Future Scope :

Future Needs and Opportunities inNanotechnology for Aerospace Applications

Future Needs and Opportunities in Nanotechnology for Aerospace Applications

Future Needs and Opportunities in Nanotechnology for Aerospace Applications

Finally, My intention towards “Nanotechnology in Aeronautical “ is to

Become a Research scientist to develope , Innovate a new Nano-coated composite material consisting of very lighter, stronger , more durable and cost effective and that composite material can be used by Different Airline Industries, Military & Defense aircrafts as well Worldwide….!!!

If I get a chance am eagerly wanted to work in the Research field with NASA or Indian Defense sector, For my further Research Programme.

“ Aim for the moon. If you miss, you may hit a star. “

AIM

http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/w/wclements137807.html?src=t_aim

References :1. http://science.howstuffworks.com/nanotechnology3.htm2. Research Gate web page.3. http://crnano.org/whatis.htm4. http://www.wifinotes.com/nanotechnology/introduction-to-

nanotechnology.htm5. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100531082857.htm6. http://www.technobuzz.com/applications of nano-technology in aerospace7. http://http://education.mrsec.wisc.edu/104.htm8. http://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary.do?method=init

&solId=%7B3351C810-DEAF-4F2F-ED2E-C150772DDA2F%7D&path=open By NASA.

http://science.howstuffworks.com/nanotechnology3.htm

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100531082857.htm

http://www.technobuzz.com/applications

http://http/education.mrsec.wisc.edu/104.htm

http://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary.do?method=init&solId=%7B3351C810-DEAF-4F2F-ED2E-C150772DDA2F%7D&path=open

http://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary.do?method=init&solId=%7B3351C810-DEAF-4F2F-ED2E-C150772DDA2F%7D&path=open