nanoscience and nanotechnology in construction materials - mms

2nd Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction Materials

NANOC®

CENTRO DE APLICACIONESDE NANOMATERIALESEN CONSTRUCCIONUnidad

Asociada

NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Dr. Antonio Porro ([email protected])

Unidad AsociadaNANOC®

CENTRO DE APLICACIONESDE NANOMATERIALESEN CONSTRUCCION

Introduction

* Nanoscience deals with the need to understand nano-scale phenomena and to improve our ability to control the nanostructure of materials

* Material properties and performance can be improved by controlling nano-scale processes and structures

* Therefore, this 2nd Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction aims to cover the topics currently under study in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology that will aid in the development of the next generation of construction materials



Background

* The Age of Transitions* Historical facts

“Predicted” in 1959 by Nobel laureate Richard FeynmanThe term Nanotechnology was introduced by Norio Taniguchi in 1974Available Scientific Knowledge+ Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM), 1981+ Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), 1986+ Advances in computation capacities

* EvolutionThe U.K. National Initiative on Nanotechnology (NION), 1986-1995. The U.K. Link Nanotechnology Programme (LNP), 1989-1994Critical mass reached in the year 2000



Nanotechnology definitions

* The capacity to create functional materials, devices and systems with novel functions and properties through the control of matter at the nano-scale.

* The exploitation of properties and phenomena developed at the nanometre scale.

* The mention to the scale was introduced to make clear that we are considering a scale in which matter shows a special behaviour due to both thequantum effects (prevailing up to 10 nm) as well as the high surface/interface effects



NANOC

Vision • NANOC is a platform within LABEIN-Tecnalia aimed at developing the key technological capacities that will allow the use of Nanotechnology as a tool to improve competitivity in the construction industry, particularly with regards to materials

• The development of ultra high performance materials for construction applications

• To improve the knowledge of the connexion between the materials nano/micro-structure and the resulting macroscopic properties

• The multi-scale modelling of materials

Objectives

NANOC has been appointed as Associated Unit to Spanish CSIC through the I.C.C. Eduardo Torroja



Materials development

* Nanotechnology could assist us to the development of:

Materials with increased durability and extended or improved performanceMultifunctional materials with Mechanical performance combined with thermal, electrical or magnetic conductivity/insulation propertiesActive/adaptive materials with programmable characteristics (self-repairing, sensing, etc.)Hybrid organic-inorganic materials, combining the specific properties of each component, resulting in new or superior performance



The 2nd Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction

* Continuation of the action initiated in the 1st Symposium held in June 2003, that was hosted by the University of Paisley and was part of the dissemination and exploitation actions included on EC funded FP5 NANOCONEX Project

* Is one of the activities of the RILEM TC-NCM Working Group Future Potential of Nanotechnology in Construction Materials

* The symposium is organized into four sessions devoted to:The revision of the current situation and future perspectiveThe advances on theoretical modeling of construction materialsThe characterization and measurement of properties of construction materialsConstruction materials and products development



Nanotechnology in construction, present and future

* European situationThe European Strategy for NanotechnologyThe European Action Plan 2005-2009The European Commission DG Research funded projects: E-CORE, NANOCONEX, I-STONE and TUNCONSTRUCTThe industry-led initiative European Construction Technology PlatformEuropean Commission Seventh Framework Programme

* USA situationThe National Nanotechnology Initiative, started in 2000The NSF Civil and Mechanical Systems Division supports fundamental research in materials for construction and rehabilitation of infrastructureThe NSF Division of Materials Research supports also nanomaterials research projects

* The Roadmap for Nanotechnology in ConstructionIt deals about the diverse pathways towards current nanotechnology expectations. It is based on the State-of-the-Art report issued as part of the European 5th FP Growth project NANOCONEX



Theoretical modelling of construction materials from nano to macro-scale (I)

* The 2nd session deals with different aspects of theoretical modelling of materials

Covering a vide range of scales

Describing different phenomena (hydration process, growth mechanisms, curing, etc.)

Employing a large set of computational methods: continuum models, phase field models, or even “ab-initio” models

* Despite the diversity of topics the session shares a common denominator:

The search of minimal entities and concepts from which the material’s behaviour can be explained and predicted



Theoretical modelling of construction materials from nano to macro-scale (II)

* We will hear about:The work devoted to shed light on the origin of cementitious nano-units like C-S-H and N-A-S-H gels

The origin of their cohesion, and

How the nano-structure of concrete can be related to their engineering properties

* Quoting the title of Prof. van Breugellecture, there is not doubt that:

“Multi-scale modelling is the vehicle for progress in fundamental and practice-oriented research”

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Silicio

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Characterisation and measurement of properties of construction materials at micro-to-nano scale (I)

* Session 3 will focus on characterisation and measurement of properties of construction materials at micro-to-nano scale.

* Considerable progress over recent years is being achieved by the massive employment of nano-scale characterisation techniques to understand nano-scale processes in cementitious materials.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Atomic Force Microscopy Micro- and Nano-indentation Neutron ScatteringUltrasonic Force Microscopy and Focus-Ion-Beam (FIB) nanotomography will be presented as new characterisation techniques

Image: Boron nitride nanotube NANOC



Characterisation and measurement of properties of construction materials at micro-to-nano scale (II)

* We will see how these techniques can be used to:Monitor the nano-scale time dependence of the chemical reactions involved in the curing of cement How the nanostructure is affected by the addition of silica fumeHow nanoparticle additions can control the Ca leaching of the C-S-H gel How it is possible to measure the states of water How the alkali dissolution of layered silicates can be monitored The evaluation of mechanical properties at the nano-level How to characterise the efficiency of polymer intercalation and the structure of C-S-H-polymer nanocomposites

Silica fume 10 µm



Characterisation and measurement of properties of construction materials at micro-to-nano scale (III)

* Second part of Session 3 will also focus on: The study of the specific surface area and pore volume during hydration of fly ash belite cement paste by the BET-N2 techniqueThe analysis of the importance of the nano-scale character for the superplastic behaviour in nanoceramicsThe synthesis and characterisation of hybrid organic-inorganic materials using as starting materials both a geopolymer and an epoxy resin.The addition of relevant nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles and their characterisationThe application of Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (NEMS) for concrete durability monitoring and quality control

* The importance of Nanotechnology in the production of new construction materials and the possibility and challenges for fabrication of nano-cement and nano-concrete will be explored



Nanotechnology for construction material and product development

* Lectures in Session 4 will cover recent research on a wide range of construction materials

* Topics will range from products nano-scale characterisation to implications of nanotechnology for architecture

* The recent advances presented in this session are likely to aid in the assessment of the potential impact of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology on the development of high-performance materials for the construction Sector



Acknowledgements

NANOC TeamDr. Igor CampilloDr. Yolanda de MiguelDr. Edurne ErkiziaDr. José Antonio IbáñezDr. María MoraguesDr. Jorge S. Dolado

DIPCProf. Pedro EtxenikeDr. Andrés Ayuela

I.C.C. Eduardo TorrojaDr. Sara GoñiDr. Ana Guerrero

INASMET- TecnaliaDr. Isabel Obieta

Polymat (UPV-EHU)Prof. José M. AsúaProf. Juan J. Iruín

FundingBasque Government, under the ETORTEK and SAIOTEK ProgramsSpanish Government, under the Materials and Profit Programs from Plan Nacional de I+D+I



Thanks for your attention!

nanoscience and nanotechnology in construction materials - mms

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