nanomaterials for solar energy conversion and applications
TRANSCRIPT
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GUIDED BY: Mr. HIMANSHU KO
PREPARED BY: SHAMA PATE
omaterials for Solar Energy Conversand it’s Applications
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Introduction
Solar Energy: Energy from sun Abundant Clean Renewable
Nanomaterials: Material wit at least one dimension between !"
!## nm$ Small si%e and larger surface area
Nanotecnology in ybrid solar cells could improve teperformance and reduce te cost of &' cells and modules$Nanotecnology migt be able to increase te e(ciency of solar
cells and also reduces te manufacturing cost$ Nanostructures can allow e(cient solar cells to be made from
ceaper and conventional materials li)e silicon and titaniumdio*ide+ involving nanomaterials wit solar cells can ma)e use of,#- of available solar energy itting te cells as compared to !#"./- in most advanced solar cells
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Nanotecni0ues for Solar Energy Conversion
Billions of tiny hols: 1i0uid processing to put billions of nano"si%ed oles in eac s0uare inc of surface of cell ence reducingte amount of sunligt re2ected away$
Th N!no S!n"#i$h: A tin strip of plastic sandwiced betweentop layer made of metal mes and bottom of metal 3lm$
4ic)ness+ spacing and diameter of oles are smaller tanwavelengt of ligt tat it collects and ence it acts as blac) oletat traps ligt$
Sol!r%&oll$tin' P!int: A stable electricity conducting li0uid3lled wit solar"collecting nano crystals+ wic can be painted or
printed to glass or roof panels$ Tiny !ntnn!: 4iny nanoscale antenna arrays wic would
ta)e in a wider range of fre0uencies and collect 5# percent ofavailable energy in sunligt$
Sun &lus Nanotecnology: Can Solar Energy 6et 7igger by 4in)ing Small8+ retrieved on Agust 9+ .#! from ttp:news$nationalgeograpic$comnewsenergy.#!;#,!;#,.
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Conventional and &lastic Solar Cells
7ul)y structure$
=perates wen sun energy isavailable$
>sed for large applicationswit big budgets$
Compact$
Can turn sun power to electricalenergy even on cloudy day$
?easible+ can be sewn into fabric
ence wide range ofapplications$
Re0uire iger maintenance+constant monitoring andrelatively sort life span$
red &lastic Solar Cells + retrieved @ecember ./+ .#!/ from ttp:www$creativeworld
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Recent @evelopment &roects in Nano"Solar ?ield
UK !n" In"i!: >niversity of Surrey+ Bueen’s >niversity 7elfastand Indian Institute of Science Education and Researc e*aminete use of %inc"o*ide nanomaterials in ultra"ig"sensitivity gassensors$ 4ese sensors can be used in environmental monitoringdevice to deliver improved sensitivity and increased energy
e(ciency &hin! !n" P!(ist!n: Cinese 3rms are building te worlds
largest solar power farm in &a)istan tat consists of /$. millionpotovoltaic cells and will produce energy to power ;+.#+###ouseolds$
R)ssi!: 4oms) State >niversity4S>’sD scientists are wor)ing onmanufacturing 2e*ible solar cargers using 6raet%el cells tatcan be tailored in sape for a variety of uses$
an researcers develop ligter+ more 2e*ible solar cells+ retrieved on =ctober 9+ .#!/ from:www$pv"maga%ine$comnewsdetailsbeitragrussian"researcers"develop"ligter""more"2e*ible"solar"cellsF!###!955.Gi*%%;wu&6@5HS
http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/russian-researchers-develop-lighter--more-flexible-solar-cells_100018772/http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/russian-researchers-develop-lighter--more-flexible-solar-cells_100018772/
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Applications
Applications of Nano" Solar Cell includes eating of water+ cooling+automobile+ communication$ It is also used in Energy andEnvironment 3eld$
Maor professional applications are:
O$!n n!*i'!tion !i"s: Many ligtouses and most buoys arenow powered by solar cells$
Tl$o++)ni$!tion syst+s: Radio transceivers on mountaintops+ or telepone bo*es in te country can often be solarpowered$
R+ot +onitorin' !n" $ontrol: Scienti3c researc stations+
seismic recording+ weater stations etc use very little powerwic+ in combination wit a dependable battery+ is providedreliably by a small &' module$
&!tho"i$ ,rot$tion : 4is is a metod for sielding metal wor)from corrosion+ for e*ample+ pipelines and oter metal structures$
A &' system is well suited to tis application since a @C source ofpower is re0uired in remote locations along te pat of a pipeline $7ene3ts and applications+ retrieved on September !,+ .#!/ from ttp:www$nano$govyounanotecnology"bene3ts
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Advantages
4e power source of te sun is absolutely free$
4e production of solar energy produces no pollution$
4e tecnological advancements in solar energy system avemade tem e*tremely cost eective$
Systems do not re0uire any maintenance during teir lifespan+wic means you never ave to put money into tem$
Most systems ave a lifespan of ;# to ,# years$
Most systems carry a full warranty for ;# to ;/ years or more$
>nli)e traditional monstrous panel system+ many modern systems
are slee)er suc as >ni"Solar rolls tat lay directly on te roof li)eregular roo3ng materials$
Nano solar energy can be fed bac) to te utilities to eliminate teneed for a storage system as well as elimination or dramaticallyreducing your electric bills$
Solar energy systems are now designed for particular needs$Advantages+ retrived on @ecember ;#+ .#!/ from ttp:www$ieecse$com'!N/"##/$pdf
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@isadvantages
Silver is te best conductor of electricity aving very lowresistance and increases its e(ciency$
4e entire process of manufacture is still very e*pensive as silveris used for interconnection of tese cells in te panel+ wic is avery e*pensive metal$
&ractical problem lin)ed wit te use of solar cell panels isregarding te storage of electricity general by tem$
Nano solar cell are producing @C electric$ Nano solar cells are notproducing AC electric $
isadvantages+ retrievd on @ecemver ;#+ .#!/ from ttp:www$ieecse$com'!N/"##/$pdf
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Nano"Solar : Hey to sustainable future
Jit increasing energy callenge and a climate callenge it isnecessary to bring innovation in energy tecnologies and toprovide socially acceptable solutions troug energy savingsKe(ciency gainsK and decarboni%ation$ Nanomaterials andnanoscale applications plays signi3cant role ere$
Nanotecnology for Solar energy collection and conversion is oneof te 3ve Signature Initiatives funded by te >$S$ NationalNanotecnology Initiative$
4e goals are to enance understanding of conversion andstorage penomena at te nanoscale+ improve nanoscale
caracteri%ation of electronic properties+ and elp enableeconomical nano manufacturing of robust devices$
4e initiative as tree maor trust areas:L improve potovoltaic solar electricity generationKL improve solar termal energy generation and conversionKL improve solar"to"fuel conversions$
anotecnology and energy " a pat to a sustainable future from ttp:www$nanower)$comspotligtspotid,#9,;$pp
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Conclusion
Nanotecnology can revolutioni%e energy system form fuel cellsto cell pone batteries to space e0uipments$
If solar farms become a reality tey can save te planets problemof depending too muc on fossil fuels witout te cance ofpolluting te environment$ A lot of researc as still to be done toma)e tis tecnology commercially practicable$