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X-ray photoelectron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization spectroscopy characterization of Nanoparticles (NPs): of Nanoparticles (NPs): I. I. Dimensional effects Dimensional effects D.-Q.Yang * and E.Sacher Department of Engineering Phy sics École Polytechnique of Montré al * Correspondence email: [email protected]

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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of Nanoparticles (NPs): I. Dimensional effectsD.-Q.Yang* and E.SacherDepartment of Engineering PhysicsÉcole Polytechnique of Montréal

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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of Nanoparticles (NPs): I. Dimensional effects

D.-Q.Yang* and E.Sacher Department of Engineering Physics cole Polytechnique of Montral* Correspondence email: [email protected]

Outline1. Introduction1. 2. Nanoparticles (NPs) Size matters: surface of NPs Size-dependent properties Basic principle Information depth Surface composition and chemistry Depth profiling

XPS1. 2. 3. 4.

2.

New challenges of XPS in nanostructures Ideal nanostructured surface patterns Possible nanostructured surface patterns Challenges issues

3 4. 5. 6.

Photoelectron peak shape of thin layer materials Photoelectron emission from nanoparticles Size dependent electronic states of nanoparticles Photoelectron emission intensity in NPs

Dimensional estimation of nanoparticles Angle-resolved XPS of nanoparticles5 5 5 Issues Monte Carlo simulation model Simulation results Binding energy shift Valence band spectra Auger parameters Wagner plots Initial- and final-states effects

7.

Binding energy and related shift of core level

Conclusions and future work 2

1. Introduction Nanoparticles A nanoparticle is a microscopic particle whose size is measured in nanometres (nm). It is defined as a particle with at least one dimension