SAI SPURTHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2011 Certified Institution & Accredited by NAAC-UGC) DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING 

NANO GENERATOR

TECHNICAL SEMINAR

ON

PRESENTED BY:

V.RAMESH (12C51A0242)

INCHARGE: A.GOPI M.TECH(PE)

Contents

• Introduction• Piezo electric transducer(nanogenerator)• Inside a nanogenerator• Working principle• Types of nanogenerators• Sources which nanogenerator can exploit• Applications• Limitations

Introduction

Developers of Nanogenerators

Dr. Zhong Lin (Z.L.) Wang and his colleagues at Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State, USA have made significant leaps in developing nanogenerators over the last decade.

Piezoelectric Transducer• Ability to create electrical potential when compressed,

expanded or changed in shape (Mechanical energy to Electrical energy).

• The voltage generated can be quiet high.• Made up of piezoelectric crystals like quartz and topaz.• Unaffected by external electromagnetic fields.• Can be used both as generators and actuators.

A Nano Scale Piezoelectric Transducer (Nanogenerator)• Harnesses the body's energy.• Made of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) wires called Nanowires.• Produces 45 millivolts whenever the zinc wire is pulled

back and forth.• With simultaneous output from many nanowires, we

can generate high power.• The wires have a diameter of 100 to 300 nm and length of about 10 to 100 micron.

Inside A Nanogenerator• Consists of an integrated

circuit.• Components are made from

ITO (Indium tin oxide) and a piezoelectric ceramic.

• Nanowire bends and generates an electrical charge.

• ITO electrode captures that charge.

• Several electrodes capture power from millions of nanowires.

Inside A Nanogenerator• Piezoelectric effect creates

an electrical field inside the nanostructure.

• Relative displacement of cations with respect to anions in its crystalline structure.

Potential distribution for a ZnO NW at a lateral bending force of 80 nanonewtons is shown.

How it works?

• Working principle of Nanogenerator where an individual nanowire is subjected to the force exerted perpendicular to the growing direction of nanowire.

• The working principle of Nanogenerator will be explained for the force exerted perpendicular to the nanowire.

• The piezoelectric effect will create the electrical field inside the nano structure; the stretched part with the positive strain will exhibit the positive electrical potential, whereas the compressed part with the negative strain will show the negative electrical potential.

Working Principle• Generates DC

Working Principle• Generates AC

Types of Nanogenerators

* Nano composite Electrical Generators (NEG).3

1. Vertical nanowire Integrated Nanogenerator (VING)• 3 parts :

a. base electrode,b. vertical piezoelectric

nanostructure, &c. counter electrode.

• Nanowires grown from the base electrode to the counter electrode.• Counter electrode

motion induces the deformation of the nanowire.

2. Lateral nanowire Integrated Nanogenerator (LING)• 3 parts :

a. base electrode,b. lateral piezoelectric nanostructure, &c. counter electrode.

• Integrated on a flexible substrate.• Individual NW is subjected to high tensile strain.• Allows for amplification by series connection of units.

3.Nanocomposite Electrical Generators (NEG)• It has a 3-main parts.a) metal plate electrodes, b) vertically grown

piezoelectric nano structure,

c) polymer matrix which fills in between in the piezoelectric nano structure.

• It has a higher efficiency compared to original nanogenerator configuration

Sources which Nanogenerators can exploit• For Large scale applications (from wherever periodic

kinetic energy exists) :1. Wind,2. Ocean Waves.

• Small scale applications :1. Tiny physical motion,2. Inhalation of lung,3. Heartbeat,4. Muscle movement,i.e. Any kind of movement!!

Understanding from video• Self-powered Thin Film Nanogenerator by Finger

Applications• Powering conventional electronics :

1. Light Emitting Diode (LED), 2. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and 3. Laser Diode.

• To power your personal gadgets and phones.• Self-powered nano/micro devices.• Smart Wearable Systems.

Applications• Smart Wearable Systems

Power shoes A power shirt

Limitations

• Uniformity of nano wires.

• Life time.

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